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Product score: 05

Data Availability:

Limited

Dermalogica PowerBright Dark Spot Serum 30ml/1oz

Dermalogica PowerBright Dark Spot Serum 30ml/1oz

WHERE TO BUY

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CATEGORY

Skin Fading/Lightener

BRAND

Dermalogica

DATA LAST UPDATED

April 2023

Ingredient concerns

See how this product scores for common concerns.

  • LOW
    Cancer
  • HIGH
    Allergies & Immunotoxicity
  • MODERATE
    Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
  • HIGH
    Use Restrictions

Ingredient scores

Ingredients are scored based on their formulation and concentration in this product. Click on an ingredient for more information.

Ingredient score: 01
WATER
Appeared as: WATER/AQUA/EAU
Data Availability: Robust
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FUNCTION(S) solvent
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Ingredient score: 01
ETHYLHEXYL ISONONANOATE
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - emollient, emollient
CONCERNS • Use restrictions (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
TRIOLEIN
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - occlusive, viscosity increasing agent - nonaqueous, emollient, refatting, skin conditioning, solvent, viscosity controlling
CONCERNS • Enhanced skin absorption
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
NIACINAMIDE
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) hair conditioning agent, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, smoothing
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Ingredient score: 01
C12-16 ALCOHOLS
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) emulsion stabilizer, viscosity increasing agent - nonaqueous, antistatic, emollient, emulsion stabilising, hair conditioning, viscosity controlling
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Ingredient score: 01
1,2-HEXANEDIOL
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) solvent
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Ingredient score: 01
COCO-CAPRYLATE/ CAPRATE
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - emollient, emollient, skin conditioning
CONCERNS • Enhanced skin absorption
• Use restrictions (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)
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Ingredient score: 01
LENTINUS EDODES MYCELIUM EXTRACT
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, skin conditioning
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Ingredient score: 01
C18-36 ACID TRIGLYCERIDE
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - occlusive, emollient, skin conditioning
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Ingredient score: 02
ACRYLATES COPOLYMER
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) adhesive, artificial nail builder, binder, film former, hair fixative, suspending agent -nonsurfactant, antistatic, binding, film forming
CONCERNS • Use restrictions (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)
• Contamination concerns (METHACRYLIC ACID, ACRYLIC ACID, and 2-ETHYLHEXYL ACRYLATE)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
BUTYLENE GLYCOL
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, solvent, viscositydecreasing agent, humectant, masking, skin conditioning, viscosity controlling
CONCERNS • Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (moderate)
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Ingredient score: 01
ECTOIN
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) buffering agent, skin-conditioning agent - emollient, skin conditioning
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Ingredient score: 01
PAEONIA SUFFRUTICOSA (MOUTAN) ROOT EXTRACT
Appeared as: PAEONIA SUFFRUTICOSA ROOT EXTRACT
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) not reported, skin protecting
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Ingredient score: 01
JOJOBA ESTERS
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - emollient, emollient, moisturising, skin conditioning, soothing
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Ingredient score: 01
HYDROXYACETOPHENONE
Data Availability: Limited
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CONCERNS • Allergies/immunotoxicity (low)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
HEXYLRESORCINOL
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) antimicrobial agent, cosmetic biocide, antimicrobial
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
PHYTOSTERYL MACADAMIATE
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) hair conditioning agent, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, hair conditioning, skin conditioning
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Ingredient score: 01
SODIUM HYALURONATE CROSSPOLYMER
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - humectant, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, humectant, skin conditioning
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Ingredient score: 01
WITHANIA SOMNIFERA ROOT EXTRACT
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) not reported, skin conditioning
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Ingredient score: 01
PHYTOSTEROLS
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, skin conditioning
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Ingredient score: 01
SODIUM LEVULINATE
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, skin conditioning
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Ingredient score: 01
C12-18 ACID TRIGLYCERIDE
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - occlusive, solvent, viscosity increasing agent - nonaqueous, emollient, emulsifying, skin conditioning, viscosity controlling
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 02
RASPBERRY KETONE
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, masking, perfuming, skin conditioning
CONCERNS • Use restrictions (moderate)
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Ingredient score: 01
MIMOSA TENUIFLORA (MIMOSA) BARK EXTRACT
Appeared as: MIMOSA TENUIFLORA BARK EXTRACT
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, perfuming
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Ingredient score: 01
VANILLA PLANIFOLIA (VANILLA) FRUIT
Appeared as: VANILLA PLANIFOLIA FRUIT
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, not reported, masking, skin protecting, smoothing
CONCERNS • Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
ILEX PARAGUARIENSIS (MATE) LEAF EXTRACT
Appeared as: ILEX PARAGUARIENSIS LEAF EXTRACT
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) hair conditioning agent, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, perfuming
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Ingredient score: 01
HELIANTHUS ANNUUS (SUNFLOWER) SEED OIL
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, skin-conditioning agent - occlusive, emollient
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Ingredient score: 01
PRUNUS AMYGDALUS DULCIS (SWEET ALMOND) OIL
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, skin-conditioning agent - occlusive
CONCERNS • Enhanced skin absorption
• Multiple, additive exposure sources (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)
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Ingredient score: 07
CITRUS AURANTIUM DULCIS (ORANGE) PEEL OIL
Data Availability: None
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CONCERNS • Cancer (low)
• Developmental/reproductive toxicity (low)
• Allergies/immunotoxicity (high)
• Use restrictions (moderate)
• Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate)
• Ecotoxicology (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (high)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 04
CITRUS AURANTIUM BERGAMIA (BERGAMOT) FRUIT OIL
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, masking
CONCERNS • Allergies/immunotoxicity (high)
• Use restrictions (moderate)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 06
CITRUS LIMON (LEMON) PEEL OIL
Appeared as: CITRUS MEDICA LIMONUM (LEMON) PEEL OIL
Data Availability: Limited
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CONCERNS • Developmental/reproductive toxicity (low)
• Allergies/immunotoxicity (high)
• Use restrictions (moderate)
• Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (low)
• Ecotoxicology (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (high)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 06
CITRUS PARADISI (GRAPEFRUIT) PEEL OIL
Data Availability: Limited
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CONCERNS • Developmental/reproductive toxicity (low)
• Allergies/immunotoxicity (high)
• Use restrictions (moderate)
• Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate)
• Ecotoxicology (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (high)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 02
RICINUS COMMUNIS (CASTOR) SEED OIL
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, skin-conditioning agent - occlusive, emollient, masking, moisturising, skin conditioning, smoothing, solvent
CONCERNS • Developmental/reproductive toxicity (moderate)
• Enhanced skin absorption
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (moderate)
• Biochemical or cellular level changes (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS (ROSEMARY) LEAF EXTRACT
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) antimicrobial agent, antioxidant, fragrance ingredient, skin-conditioning agent -miscellaneous, skin-conditioning agent - occlusive, perfuming
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
CISTUS LADANIFERUS RESIN
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, masking
CONCERNS • Multiple, additive exposure sources (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
ZINGIBER OFFICINALE (GINGER) ROOT OIL
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) flavoring agent, fragrance ingredient, masking, perfuming, skin conditioning, tonic
CONCERNS • Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate)
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Ingredient score: 02
LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA (LAVENDER) OIL
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous
CONCERNS • Allergies/immunotoxicity (low)
• Endocrine disruption (moderate)
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Ingredient score: 01
RIBES NIGRUM (BLACKCURRANT) SEED OIL
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - emollient, emollient
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Ingredient score: 02
JASMINUM SAMBAC (JASMINE) EXTRACT
Appeared as: JASMINUM SAMBAC (JASMINE) FLOWER EXTRACT
Data Availability: Limited
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CONCERNS • Allergies/immunotoxicity (moderate)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
CUCUMIS SATIVUS (CUCUMBER) OIL
Appeared as: CUCUMIS SATIVUS (CUCUMBER) SEED OIL
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - emollient, emollient, skin conditioning
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Ingredient score: 01
DIPTERYX ODORATA SEED EXTRACT
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, perfuming
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Ingredient score: 01
STYRAX TONKINENSIS RESIN EXTRACT
Appeared as: STYRAX BENZOIN RESIN EXTRACT
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, not reported, perfuming
CONCERNS • Allergies/immunotoxicity (low)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)
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Ingredient score: 01
VIOLA ODORATA LEAF EXTRACT
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient
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Ingredient score: 04
JUNIPERUS VIRGINIANA (VIRGINIA RED CEDAR) OIL
Appeared as: JUNIPERUS VIRGINIANA OIL
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient
CONCERNS • Allergies/immunotoxicity (high)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate)
• Ecotoxicology (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Data Availability: Good
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FUNCTION(S) colorant, opacifying agent, sunscreen agent, ultraviolet light absorber
CONCERNS • Cancer (moderate)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate)
• Occupational hazards (high)
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Ingredient score: 02
TOCOPHEROL
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) antioxidant, fragrance ingredient, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous;skin-conditioning agent - occlusive, skin conditioning
CONCERNS • Cancer (low)
• Allergies/immunotoxicity (low)
• Endocrine disruption (low)
• Contamination concerns (HYDROQUINONE)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 02
ETHYLHEXYLGLYCERIN
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) deodorant agent, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, skin conditioning
CONCERNS • Allergies/immunotoxicity (low)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate)
• Ecotoxicology (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (high)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
XANTHAN GUM
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) binder, emulsion stabilizer, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, surfactant -emulsifying agent, viscosity increasing agent - aqueous, binding, emulsifying, emulsion stabilising, gel forming, skin conditioning, surfactant, viscosity controlling
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
SCLEROTIUM GUM
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) emulsion stabilizer, skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, viscosity increasing agent -aqueous, emulsion stabilising, skin conditioning, viscosity controlling
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Ingredient score: 02
HYDROGENATED LECITHIN
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, surfactant - emulsifying agent, suspending agent- nonsurfactant, emulsifying, skin conditioning
CONCERNS • Enhanced skin absorption
• Use restrictions (low)
• Contamination concerns (NITROSAMINES)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 03
LECITHIN
Data Availability: Good
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - miscellaneous, surfactant - emulsifying agent, antistatic, emollient, emulsifying, skin conditioning
CONCERNS • Developmental/reproductive toxicity (low)
• Allergies/immunotoxicity (moderate)
• Enhanced skin absorption
• Use restrictions (low)
• Multiple, additive exposure sources (low)
• Contamination concerns (NITROSAMINES)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
PALMITIC ACID
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, opacifying agent, surfactant - cleansing agent, surfactant -emulsifying agentsurfactant-cleansing agent is included as a function for the soap form of palmitic acid., emollient, emulsifying
CONCERNS • Multiple, additive exposure sources (low)
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Ingredient score: 01
OCTYLDECANOL
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - emollient, emollient
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 02
GLYCERIN
Data Availability: Good
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FUNCTION(S) denaturant, fragrance ingredient, hair conditioning agent, humectant, oral care agent;oral health care drug, skin-conditioning agent - humectant, skin protectant, viscosity decreasing agent, perfuming, solvent
CONCERNS • Use restrictions (moderate)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
OCTYLDODECYL OLEATE
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - occlusive, emollient
CONCERNS • Use restrictions (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
SQUALENE OIL
Appeared as: SQUALENE
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) hair conditioning agent, skin-conditioning agent - emollient, antistatic, emollient, hair conditioning, refatting, skin conditioning
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
OCTYLDODECYL STEAROYL STEARATE
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) skin-conditioning agent - occlusive, viscosity increasing agent - nonaqueous, emollient, viscosity controlling
CONCERNS • Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (moderate)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
TETRASODIUM GLUTAMATE DIACETATE
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) chelating agent, chelating
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Ingredient score: 01
CAPRYLYL GLYCOL
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) hair conditioning agent, skin-conditioning agent - emollient, emollient, hair conditioning, humectant, skin conditioning
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
BENZYL GLYCOL
Data Availability: None
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FUNCTION(S) solvent
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Ingredient score: 03
LAURETH-21
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) surfactant - cleansing agent, surfactant - solubilizing agent
CONCERNS • Use restrictions (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)
• Contamination concerns (ETHYLENE OXIDE and 1,4-DIOXANE)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
PULLULAN
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) binder, film former, binding, film forming
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
SILICA, AMORPHOUS
Appeared as: SILICA
Data Availability: Good
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FUNCTION(S) abrasive, absorbent, anticaking agent, bulking agent, opacifying agent, suspending agent- nonsurfactant, anticaking, opacifying
CONCERNS • Cancer (moderate)
• Use restrictions (low)
• Persistence and bioaccumulation (high)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (low)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 03
ALUMINA
Data Availability: Good
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FUNCTION(S) abrasive, anticaking agent, bulking agent, opacifying agent, absorbent, anticaking, bulking, opacifying, viscosity controlling
CONCERNS • Cancer (low)
• Allergies/immunotoxicity (high)
• Enhanced skin absorption
• Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 04
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) denaturant, ph adjuster, buffering
CONCERNS • Use restrictions (high)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate)
• Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 03
SODIUM GLYCOLATE
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) buffering
CONCERNS • Use restrictions (high)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
SODIUM DEHYDROACETATE
Data Availability: Limited
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FUNCTION(S) preservative
CONCERNS • Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (low)
• Occupational hazards (high)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 03
SODIUM BENZOATE
Data Availability: Fair
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FUNCTION(S) fragrance ingredient, preservative, anticorrosive, masking
CONCERNS • Use restrictions (moderate)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT
Ingredient score: 01
SODIUM FORMATE
Data Availability: Fair
Expand content Collapse content
FUNCTION(S) preservative, buffering
CONCERNS • Use restrictions (low)
• Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate)
• Multiple, additive exposure sources (low)
LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS INGREDIENT

Ingredients from packaging:

Water/Aqua/Eau, Ethylhexyl Isononanoate, Triolein, Niacinamide, C12-16 Alcohols, 1,2-Hexanediol, Coco-Caprylate/Caprate, Lentinus Edodes Mycelium Extract, C18-36 Acid Triglyceride, Acrylates Copolymer, Butylene Glycol, Ectoin, Paeonia Suffruticosa Root Extract, Jojoba Esters, Hydroxyacetophenone, Hexylresorcinol, Phytosteryl Macadamiate, Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer, Withania Somnifera Root Extract, Phytosterols, Sodium Levulinate, C12-18 Acid Triglyceride, Raspberry Ketone, Mimosa Tenuiflora Bark Extract, Vanilla Planifolia Fruit, Ilex Paraguariensis Leaf Extract, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis (Sweet Almond) Oil, Citrus Aurantium Dulcis (Orange) Peel Oil, Citrus Aurantium Bergamia (Bergamot) Fruit Oil, Citrus Medica Limonum (Lemon) Peel Oil, Citrus Paradisi (Grapefruit) Peel Oil, Ricinus Communis (Castor) Seed Oil, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract, Cistus Ladaniferus Resin, Zingiber Officinale (Ginger) Root Oil, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil, Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Seed Oil, Jasminum Sambac (Jasmine) Flower Extract, Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Seed Oil, Dipteryx Odorata Seed Extract, Styrax Benzoin Resin Extract, Viola Odorata Leaf Extract, Juniperus Virginiana Oil, Titanium Dioxide, Tocopherol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Xanthan Gum, Sclerotium Gum, Hydrogenated Lecithin, Lecithin, Palmitic Acid, Octyldecanol, Glycerin, Octyldodecyl Oleate, Squalene, Octyldodecyl Stearoyl Stearate, Tetrasodium Glutamate Diacetate, Caprylyl Glycol, Benzyl Glycol, Laureth-21, Pullulan, Silica, Alumina, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Dehydroacetate, Sodium Benzoate, Citral, Limonene, Linalool

Product's animal testing policies

Some cosmetics companies have taken People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals and Leaping Bunny animal-testing pledges. For consumers who are concerned about companies’ policies on animal testing, Skin Deep reports this information.


Unknown

Leading international certifiers PETA and Leaping Bunny have no information concerning this company’s use of animal testing.

Understanding scores

Cosmetics and personal care products are not required to be tested for safety before being allowed on the market. The Skin Deep® scoring system was designed to help the public understand whether a product is safe to use or whether it contains ingredients of concern.

Every product and ingredient in Skin Deep gets a two-part score – one for hazard and one for data availability. The safest products score well by both measures, with a low hazard rating and a fair or better data availability rating.

HOW WE DETERMINE SCORES

Hazard score

The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG VERIFIED® mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.

Score legend
WEIGHT-OF-EVIDENCE APPROACH

A product’s hazard score is not an average of the ingredients’ hazard scores. It is calculated using a weight-of-evidence approach that factors in all of the hazards or health impacts associated with the ingredients.

Data availability

The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature.

NONE LIMITED FAIR GOOD ROBUST
Low Availability
Moderate Availability
High Availability
NONE

Ingredients have not been assessed.

LIMITED-FAIR

There is only a modest volume of research.

GOOD-ROBUST

Ingredients have been studied extensively.

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