GROUP:

EWG/Commonweal Study #1, industrial chemicals and pesticides in adults

health & safety concerns:	chemicals found
	on average	indivi- dual range	entire group
Immune system (including sensitization and allergies)	50	29-64	69
Brain and nervous system	38	19-52	58
Birth defects and developmental delays	14	13-16	16
Reproduction and fertility	4	2-5	10
Chronic effects, general	1	1-2	2
Endocrine system	1	1-2	2
Respiratory system	1	1-2	2
Gastrointestinal (including liver)	1	1-1	1

Group members:

(9 People)

Andrea Martin
Bill Moyers
Davis Baltz
Lucy Waletsky
Michael Lerner
Sharyle Patton
Lexi Rome
Monique Harden
Charlotte Brody

Locations:

Sausalito, CA
NJ, USA
Berkeley, CA
Pleasantville, NY
Bolinas, CA
Mill Valley, CA
New Orleans, LA
Round Hill, VA

about this group:

Laboratory tests uncovered 171 pollutants in blood and urine from nine volunteers, including an average of 56 carcinogens in each person. A benchmark for the exploding science on the human "body burden," the pollution in people, this study raises deep concerns about a system of public health protections that doesn't ask chemical companies to safety test their products before they are sold.

Group: EWG/Commonweal Study #1, industrial chemicals and pesticides in adults
Found 155-171 of 214 tested chemicals (9 participants)

The blood and urine of the "EWG/Commonweal Study #1, industrial chemicals and pesticides in adults" group contained 155-171 of 214 industrial compounds, pollutants and other chemicals tested, including chemicals linked to immune system toxicity, brain and nervous system toxicity, and birth defects and developmental delays.

Summary of chemicals found in EWG/Commonweal Study #1, industrial chemicals and pesticides in adults

chemical family	level found in group	health effects	exposure routes
Volatile and semivolatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs)	100% found, not quantified		Contaminated indoor and outdoor air
Phthalates	100% found, not quantified	Endocrine system, Birth defects and developmental delays	Cosmetics, paint, soft plastic, food packaging, and other consumer products
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)	22% high 78% moderate	Brain and nervous system, Immune system (including sensitization and allergies)	Dietary sources, fatty meat, dairy and fish
Organochlorine Pesticides (OCs)	11% high 44% low	Reproduction and fertility	Contaminated food and drinking water
Chlorinated dioxins & furans	44% high 56% moderate	Immune system (including sensitization and allergies), Birth defects and developmental delays	Dietary sources, fatty meat, dairy and fish
Organophosphate Pesticide metabolites (OPs)	33% high 44% moderate 22% low	Brain and nervous system	Contaminated food and drinking water
Alkylphenols	33% found, not quantified	Endocrine system	Cosmetics, detergents, pesticides, paints, carpet and dry cleaning
Arsenic (inorganic only)	11% high		Pressure-treated (outdoor) wood, contaminated drinking water
Cadmium	33% high		Contaminated food and drinking water, cigarette smoke, contaminated factory air
Lead	56% high 44% moderate		Lead-based paint in older homes, household dust, vinyl products, tap water
Methylmercury	67% high 22% moderate		Dietary sources, particularly seafood

Detailed report by chemical (return to summary)

volatile and semivolatile organic compounds (vocs and svocs)

76 of 76 found

Used in wide range of household, craft, and industrial products. Common tap water and air pollutants. Includes neurotoxins and carcinogens.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

(Z)-9,17-Octadecadienal

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group (vs. 5 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 5 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Octadecanal

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 8 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 8 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

tetradecanal

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2,2,3,3-Tetramethylhexane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky, Monique Harden

found in 2 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2,4,4-Trimethylhexane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2,4,6-trimethyl-Decane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2,4-Dimethylheptane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group (vs. 7 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden

found in 7 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2,5,6-trimethyl-Decane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group (vs. 5 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody

found in 5 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2,6-dimethyl Heptadecane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 3 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 3 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

3-ethyl-2-methylhexane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz

found in 2 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

5,6-dimethyl-Decane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

5-propyl-Tridecane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

6-ethyl-2-methyl-Decane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group (vs. 4 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Lexi Rome

found in 4 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Hexacosane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Michael Lerner

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

n-Docosane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 3 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner

found in 3 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

n-Octacosane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Monique Harden

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Tetratetracontane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Michael Lerner

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

(E)-3-Eicosene

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 8 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 8 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

(E)-3-Octadecene

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group (vs. 4 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 4 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

(Z)-3-Hexadecene

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 8 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody

found in 8 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1,E-11,Z-13-Hexadecatriene

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

17-Pentatriacontene

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton, Monique Harden

found in 2 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-Hexadecene

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group (vs. 4 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Charlotte Brody

found in 4 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

cis-9-Tricosene

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group (vs. 7 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden

found in 7 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1,5-Heptadien-3-yne

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group (vs. 5 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 5 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-6-methyl-Phenol

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Monique Harden

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

o-(phenylmethyl)-Hydroxylamine

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Charlotte Brody

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

3-isopentyl Sydnone

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 3 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody

found in 3 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

(3-octylundecyl)-Benzene

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Charlotte Brody

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Ethyl Benzene

Ethyl benzene damages the lung, liver, and kidney of animals. At higher doses, ethyl benzene causes brain, nervous system and thyroid and reproductive toxicity. Eye and respiratory irritant.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

meta-Xylene

People are exposed to chemicals from air or from contaminated tap water. In humans cause respiratory irritation, cancer, kidney and liver damage, and birth defects.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 3 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers, Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody

found in 3 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

ortho-Xylene

People are exposed to these chemicals from air or from contaminated tap water. Common effects in humans are respiratory irritation, cancer, kidney and liver damage, and birth defects.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

11,14-Methyl Ester Eicosadienoic acid

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

found in 2 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

9-Hexadecenoic acid

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome

found in 2 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

bis(1-methylpropyl) ester Hexanedioic acid

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Monique Harden

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Methyl ester 9,12-Hexadecadienoic acid

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

n-Tetradecanoic acid

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Oleic acid

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 3 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden

found in 3 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Palmitic acid

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2,2,4-trimethyl-Oxepane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1-methyl-Cyclopentanol

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

(1,2-dimethylbutyl)-Cyclohexane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group (vs. 5 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Sharyle Patton, Monique Harden

found in 5 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1-ethyl-1-methyl-Cyclopentane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1-hexyl-3-methyl-Cyclopentane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1-methyl-2-propyl-Cyclopentane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group (vs. 6 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 6 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2-hydroxy-Cyclopentadecanone

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Charlotte Brody

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2-propenylidene-Cyclobutene

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 3 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner

found in 3 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Cyclohexane

Cyclohexane causes neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, developmental, and cardiovascular toxicity in animals. Irritate the eyes and skin in humans.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Ethylcyclohexane

Industrial solvent, starting material; animal studies link to eye, skin irritation; high doses may result in dizziness, difficulty breathing.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody

found in 2 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1,5,5-trimethyl-6-(2-propenylidene)-Cyclohexene

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

(1,1-dimethylbutyl) Oxirane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group (vs. 7 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 7 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1-(3-ethyloxiranyl)-Ethanone

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1-(trimethyloxiranyl)-Ethanone

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether

Used in epoxy; skin and eye irritant in laboratory animals.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1-Heneicosyl formate

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2,5-Dimethyltetrahydrofuran

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2,4-Octanedione

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group (vs. 6 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 6 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2-Hexanone

Industrial solvent; in humans, damages nervous system; in animals, fetal and adult exposure causes significant neurotoxicity.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2-Nonanone

No specific toxicology data for this chemical, but family associated with eye irritation, nausea, vomiting, and neurological, respiratory, liver, and kidney toxicity.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Monique Harden

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

3,4-dimethyl-4-Hexen-2-one

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

4,6-dimethyl-5-Hepten-2-one

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

dihydro-5-(1-methylethyl)-3(2H)-Furanone

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Michael Lerner

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

1-Tetradecanol

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Michael Lerner

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

2-Decanol

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

3-Methylcyclopentanol

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 3 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers, Lucy Waletsky, Monique Harden

found in 3 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

5-Methyl-2-heptanol

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

7-methyl-7-Heptadecanol

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky, Sharyle Patton

found in 2 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Methyl isobutyl carbinol

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group (vs. 7 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 7 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate

Pesticide, antibacterial agent; causes skin irritation, lesions, eye irritation, allergy; in animals, linked also to respiratory irritation, neurotoxicity.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Mono(2-ethylhexyl) adipate

Breakdown product of di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate (DEHA), a plasticizer in consumer products; animal studies link DEHA to infertility, multiple organ toxicities.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Lexi Rome

found in 2 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

3-bromo-3-methyl Pentane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

3-bromo-Decane

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Diisooctyl ester Diphosphoric acid

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers, Lucy Waletsky

found in 2 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

O-methyloxime 3,5-dimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-1-one

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

alpha-Toluenesulfonyl chloride

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Didodecyl 3,3-thiodipropionate

Used in cosmetics, plastics, lubricants; high doses in animals cause increased cholesterol, altered liver enzyme levels, cardiac toxicity.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

phthalates

6 of 6 found

In cosmetics, paint, and plastics. Linked to sperm damage and birth defects of male reproductive system.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate

Used in soft plastics like PVC. Associated with male reproductive system toxicity in people and animals.

• geometric mean: 79.6 ug/g lipids in blood serum
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Charlotte Brody, Lucy Waletsky, Davis Baltz

97.2	ug/g lipids in blood serum	905

Butyl benzyl phthalate

Used in plastics like PVC, adhesives, coatings. Animal studies indicate toxicity to male reproductive system, hormone activity.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky

found in 1 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Di-n-butyl phthalate

Used in nail polish, cosmetics, and other consumer products; linked to birth defects and male reproductive issues.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 9 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Di-n-octyl phthalate

Used in plastics, adhesives, rubber. Animal studies indicate toxicity to thyroid and liver.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky

found in 2 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Diethyl phthalate

Used in consumer products, particularly those containing fragrances. Linked to male reproductive problems in people; animal studies indicate multiple toxicities.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 8 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody

found in 8 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

Dimethyl phthalate

Used in insect repellant, plastic, rocket propellant. DMP is linked to liver toxicity, and its breakdown product is linked to male reproductive system problems in people.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group (vs. 6 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Monique Harden

found in 6 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs)

36-52 of 77 found

Banned industrial insulators and lubricants. Cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 146 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 9.81 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2,900 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

2.95	ng/g lipids in blood serum	600

PCB-209

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 3.04 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.281 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 33 of 34 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton, Michael Lerner, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers

0.00655	ng/g lipids in blood serum	19.4

PCB-8

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 2.61 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.147 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 32 of 34 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Bill Moyers, Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody, Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner

0.00685	ng/g lipids in blood serum	5.08

PCB-170

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 9.3 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 6.34 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,902 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Davis Baltz, Sharyle Patton, Bill Moyers, Michael Lerner, Andrea Martin

0.0371	ng/g lipids in blood serum	34.3

PCB-171

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 2.04 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.175 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group (vs. 33 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton, Michael Lerner

0.00898	ng/g lipids in blood serum	3.67

PCB-174

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.32 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.0101 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 23 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton

0.0017	ng/g lipids in blood serum	3.08

PCB-177

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 3.12 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 2.85 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 414 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky, Davis Baltz, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Bill Moyers, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton

0.0201	ng/g lipids in blood serum	6.74

PCB-179

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.51 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.0157 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group (vs. 25 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Sharyle Patton

0.00288	ng/g lipids in blood serum	3.65

PCB-180

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 29.2 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 11.8 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2,430 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton, Bill Moyers

0.211	ng/g lipids in blood serum	112

PCB-183

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 4.3 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 3.77 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 759 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky, Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Bill Moyers, Lexi Rome, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton

0.0556	ng/g lipids in blood serum	8.68

PCB-187

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 12.2 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 5.55 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,815 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky, Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Bill Moyers, Michael Lerner, Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton

0.0607	ng/g lipids in blood serum	36.4

PCB-190

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.77 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.16 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group (vs. 31 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky, Davis Baltz, Lexi Rome, Sharyle Patton, Michael Lerner, Bill Moyers

0.0136	ng/g lipids in blood serum	5.15

PCB-191

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.28 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.0313 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 24 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Michael Lerner

0.0131	ng/g lipids in blood serum	8.96

PCB-128 & PCB-167 [2]

• geometric mean: 1.41 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 3.29 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 17 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

0.000758	ng/g lipids in blood serum	3.83

PCB-137

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.72 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.217 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group (vs. 31 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Michael Lerner, Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton, Bill Moyers

0.0184	ng/g lipids in blood serum	3.95

PCB-138

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 21.9 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 12.8 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2,504 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky, Monique Harden, Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Michael Lerner, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

0.297	ng/g lipids in blood serum	72.6

PCB-141

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.18 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.0019 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 11 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Sharyle Patton

0.000755	ng/g lipids in blood serum	1.81

PCB-146

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 3.58 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 4.28 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,208 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

0.0243	ng/g lipids in blood serum	14

PCB-149

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 2.29 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 3.2 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group (vs. 7 of 2,547 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.000787	ng/g lipids in blood serum	9.63

PCB-151

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.68 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 3.2 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group (vs. 10 of 2,547 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.00393	ng/g lipids in blood serum	4.56

PCB-153

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 30.5 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 17.1 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2,726 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Lexi Rome, Michael Lerner, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

0.379	ng/g lipids in blood serum	96.5

PCB-156

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 5.63 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 4.54 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,408 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Bill Moyers

0.0236	ng/g lipids in blood serum	14.6

PCB-157

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.57 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 3.32 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group (vs. 168 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers

0.0236	ng/g lipids in blood serum	14.3

PCB-168

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.21 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 2.18 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 29 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Sharyle Patton

0.379	ng/g lipids in blood serum	96.5

PCB-206

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 2.59 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.454 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 34 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Lexi Rome, Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton, Charlotte Brody, Michael Lerner, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers

0.0102	ng/g lipids in blood serum	29

PCB-208

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 0.907 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.0493 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group (vs. 26 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Sharyle Patton, Michael Lerner, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers

0.00152	ng/g lipids in blood serum	13.7

PCB-194

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 6.15 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 5.27 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 963 of 2,547 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Sharyle Patton, Andrea Martin, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers, Michael Lerner

0.0379	ng/g lipids in blood serum	34

PCB-196 & PCB-203 [2]

• geometric mean: 6.1 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 4.8 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 870 of 2,547 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Lucy Waletsky, Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton, Bill Moyers, Michael Lerner

0.034	ng/g lipids in blood serum	12.3

PCB-198

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 2.3 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.453 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 29 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Bill Moyers, Michael Lerner

0.0422	ng/g lipids in blood serum	40

PCB-201

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 7.4 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 5.09 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 923 of 2,547 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers, Michael Lerner

0.00604	ng/g lipids in blood serum	17.4

PCB-101 & PCB-84 [2]

• geometric mean: 2.95 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 4.46 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group (vs. 95 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Charlotte Brody, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.0104	ng/g lipids in blood serum	13.1

PCB-105 & PCB-127 [2]

• geometric mean: 1.62 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 3.66 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group (vs. 550 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Lexi Rome, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

0.00874	ng/g lipids in blood serum	4.98

PCB-110

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.62 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 3.2 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group (vs. 25 of 2,547 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Charlotte Brody, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.0051	ng/g lipids in blood serum	3.39

PCB-118

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 12.2 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 6.21 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2,020 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

0.212	ng/g lipids in blood serum	30.8

PCB-87

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.33 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 3.18 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group (vs. 8 of 2,547 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.000336	ng/g lipids in blood serum	2.23

PCB-95

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 2.34 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.0228 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group (vs. 24 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Bill Moyers, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.000971	ng/g lipids in blood serum	8.85

PCB-99

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 6.93 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 4.8 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,594 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky, Monique Harden, Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Michael Lerner, Bill Moyers, Lexi Rome, Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton

0.0828	ng/g lipids in blood serum	14.9

PCB-44

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.38 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.0288 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group (vs. 26 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.0017	ng/g lipids in blood serum	3.18

PCB-47

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 0.899 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.0342 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group (vs. 27 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton, Lexi Rome, Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz

0.0017	ng/g lipids in blood serum	1.86

PCB-49

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.16 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.00274 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 15 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.00118	ng/g lipids in blood serum	2.14

PCB-52

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.88 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 3.4 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group (vs. 210 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Bill Moyers, Charlotte Brody, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.00547	ng/g lipids in blood serum	4.47

PCB-60

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.1 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.011 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group (vs. 22 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Sharyle Patton

0.00168	ng/g lipids in blood serum	1.65

PCB-64

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.13 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.00716 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 20 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton, Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz

0.00243	ng/g lipids in blood serum	1.68

PCB-66

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.84 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 4.07 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group (vs. 263 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Sharyle Patton

0.0047	ng/g lipids in blood serum	3.46

PCB-70

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.51 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.455 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group (vs. 28 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.0941	ng/g lipids in blood serum	23.4

PCB-74

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 8.46 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 5.66 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,922 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky, Monique Harden, Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Michael Lerner, Lexi Rome, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

0.0941	ng/g lipids in blood serum	25.4

PCB-78

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 2.27 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 1.24 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 9 of 35 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Charlotte Brody, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

1.5	ng/g lipids in blood serum	2.83

PCB-18

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 1.8 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.0452 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group (vs. 27 of 34 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody, Andrea Martin, Sharyle Patton, Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz

0.00631	ng/g lipids in blood serum	3.88

PCB-28

In polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) family of chemicals - banned industrial insulators and lubricants; cause cancer and nervous system problems.

• geometric mean: 3.19 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 7.14 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 35 of 2,274 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Lucy Waletsky, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz

0.025	ng/g lipids in blood serum	5.81

organochlorine pesticides (ocs)

10 of 23 found

Includes DDT, chlordane, other pesticides. Largely banned in the U.S. Build up in the human body over time. Cause cancer and reproductive harm.

Organochlorine Pesticides (OCs) were measured in different units for some of the members of this group. Overall it was found in 9 of the 9 members tested in the group. The bars below are grouped by units:

• geometric mean: 1.37 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 186 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 4,276 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Andrea Martin, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Monique Harden, Lexi Rome, Sharyle Patton, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers

0.615	ng/g lipids in blood serum	2830

4,4'-DDE

Organochlorine chemical, a class largely banned in the U.S. that builds up in the body over time, linked to cancer and reproductive harm.

• geometric mean: 0.148 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 165 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group (vs. 4,258 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Davis Baltz, Bill Moyers, Andrea Martin, Lexi Rome, Sharyle Patton, Michael Lerner

0.0948	ng/g lipids in blood serum	2560

4,4'-DDT

Organochlorine chemical, a class largely banned in the U.S. that builds up in the body over time, linked to cancer and reproductive harm.

• geometric mean: 0.088 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 6.55 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,182 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Lexi Rome, Sharyle Patton, Bill Moyers, Lucy Waletsky

0.0804	ng/g lipids in blood serum	75.3

beta-BHC

Organochlorine chemical, a class largely banned in the U.S. that builds up in the body over time, linked to cancer and reproductive harm.

• geometric mean: 0.0877 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.607 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 26 of 27 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Andrea Martin, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Charlotte Brody, Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky

0.0353	ng/g lipids in blood serum	37.1

delta-BHC

Organochlorine chemical, a class largely banned in the U.S. that builds up in the body over time, linked to cancer and reproductive harm.

• geometric mean: 0.0842 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.000788 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2 of 26 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lucy Waletsky

0.00124	ng/g lipids in blood serum	0.156

gamma-BHC (Lindane)

Organochlorine chemical, a class largely banned in the U.S. that builds up in the body over time, linked to cancer and reproductive harm.

• geometric mean: 0.027 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.104 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 17 of 27 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton

0.05	ng/g lipids in blood serum	0.995

gamma-Chlordane

Organochlorine chemical, a class largely banned in the U.S. that builds up in the body over time, linked to cancer and reproductive harm.

• geometric mean: 0.0425 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.119 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 16 of 26 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Monique Harden

0.0786	ng/g lipids in blood serum	1.28

Hexachlorobenzene

Organochlorine chemical, a class largely banned in the U.S. that builds up in the body over time, linked to cancer and reproductive harm.

• geometric mean: 0.0486 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 11.7 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 155 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Michael Lerner

0.0899	ng/g lipids in blood serum	24.4

Methoxychlor

Organochlorine chemical, a class largely banned in the U.S. that builds up in the body over time, linked to cancer and reproductive harm.

• geometric mean: 0.708 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.306 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group (vs. 7 of 27 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Andrea Martin, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Lexi Rome, Sharyle Patton, Bill Moyers

0.403	ng/g lipids in blood serum	2.73

Mirex

Organochlorine chemical, a class largely banned in the U.S. that builds up in the body over time, linked to cancer and reproductive harm.

• geometric mean: 0.1 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 4.16 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group (vs. 700 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lexi Rome

0.0591	ng/g lipids in blood serum	11.3

Pentachlorophenol

Organochlorine chemical, a class largely banned in the U.S. that builds up in the body over time, linked to cancer and reproductive harm.

• geometric mean: 1.04 ppb in urine
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Monique Harden

1.4	ppb in urine	1.4

chlorinated dioxins & furans

15 of 17 found

Pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, and incineration. Cause cancer and may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 738 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 14 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2,725 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Sharyle Patton, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers, Andrea Martin

5	pg/g lipids in blood serum	1860

Heptachlorinated dioxins

Chlorinated dioxins are unwanted byproducts of the manufacture and burning of products that contain chlorine. Dioxins cause cancer in humans, and they are generally considered to be among the most toxic environmental contaminants known to man. As a class, dioxins are extremely toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and lipophilic ("fat-loving"). This means that dioxins build up and are stored in fatty tissues and fluids, such as breast milk, and can be passed on to fetuses and infants during pregnancy and lactation. Most people are exposed to dioxin through the food they eat, primarily from meat, dairy, fish and eggs.

In humans, dioxins are associated with cancer, skin lesions, damage to the nervous system and immune system, altered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, thyroid disruption, altered menstrual cycling, and cardiovascular effects.

In laboratory animals, dioxins are known to cause a variety of effects including cancer and impaired reproductive, endocrine, cardiovascular, immune, respiratory, neurological and metabolic function. In addition, dioxins cause skin disease and birth defects.

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD (heptadioxin)

In dioxin family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 68 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 10.4 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 2,333 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Andrea Martin, Lucy Waletsky, Sharyle Patton, Bill Moyers

5	pg/g lipids in blood serum	125

Heptachlorinated furans

Chlorinated furans, also called chlorinated dibenzofurans or CDFs, are toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and lipophilic ("fat-loving""). This means that CDFs build up and are stored in fatty tissues and fluid, such as breast milk, and can be passed on to fetuses and infants during pregnancy and lactation.

In humans, CDFs are associated with premature birth and abnormal development, liver toxicity, skin disease, eye inflammation, and damage to the nervous, immune, endocrine, and reproductive systems (ATSDR 1994b).

In laboratory animals, CDFs are known to cause a variety of effects including damage to the reproductive, endocrine, immune, and nervous systems. In addition, CDFs harm the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract, and cause birth defects (ATSDR 1994b).

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF (heptafuran)

In chlorinated furan family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 9.28 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 3.33 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,868 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Monique Harden, Lexi Rome, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers, Andrea Martin

0.379	pg/g lipids in blood serum	61.4

1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF (heptafuran)

In chlorinated furan family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 0.98 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 1.49 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1 of 2,547 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers, Andrea Martin

0.25	pg/g lipids in blood serum	20

Hexachlorinated dioxins

Chlorinated dioxins are unwanted byproducts of the manufacture and burning of products that contain chlorine. Dioxins cause cancer in humans, and they are generally considered to be among the most toxic environmental contaminants known to man. As a class, dioxins are extremely toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and lipophilic ("fat-loving"). This means that dioxins build up and are stored in fatty tissues and fluids, such as breast milk, and can be passed on to fetuses and infants during pregnancy and lactation. Most people are exposed to dioxin through the food they eat, primarily from meat, dairy, fish and eggs.

In humans, dioxins are associated with cancer, skin lesions, damage to the nervous system and immune system, altered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, thyroid disruption, altered menstrual cycling, and cardiovascular effects.

In laboratory animals, dioxins are known to cause a variety of effects including cancer and impaired reproductive, endocrine, cardiovascular, immune, respiratory, neurological and metabolic function. In addition, dioxins cause skin disease and birth defects.

1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD (hexadioxin)

In dioxin family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 4.04 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 2.06 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 422 of 2,547 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers

3.36	pg/g lipids in blood serum	11.4

1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD (hexadioxin)

In dioxin family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 35.4 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 6.45 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,901 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Michael Lerner, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Lucy Waletsky, Sharyle Patton, Bill Moyers

3.79	pg/g lipids in blood serum	63.7

1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD (hexadioxin)

In dioxin family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 5.89 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 2.98 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 758 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Monique Harden, Lexi Rome, Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

2.36	pg/g lipids in blood serum	24.3

Hexachlorinated furans

Chlorinated furans, also called chlorinated dibenzofurans or CDFs, are toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and lipophilic ("fat-loving""). This means that CDFs build up and are stored in fatty tissues and fluid, such as breast milk, and can be passed on to fetuses and infants during pregnancy and lactation.

In humans, CDFs are associated with premature birth and abnormal development, liver toxicity, skin disease, eye inflammation, and damage to the nervous, immune, endocrine, and reproductive systems (ATSDR 1994b).

In laboratory animals, CDFs are known to cause a variety of effects including damage to the reproductive, endocrine, immune, and nervous systems. In addition, CDFs harm the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract, and cause birth defects (ATSDR 1994b).

1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF (hexafuran)

In chlorinated furan family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 4.53 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 2.78 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,707 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Monique Harden, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Lucy Waletsky, Sharyle Patton, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers

2.66	pg/g lipids in blood serum	24.3

1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF (hexafuran)

In chlorinated furan family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 4.59 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 2.49 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 1,261 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Andrea Martin, Lucy Waletsky, Sharyle Patton, Bill Moyers

2.34	pg/g lipids in blood serum	22.9

1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF (hexafuran)

In chlorinated furan family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 0.486 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 1.84 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group (vs. 3 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz

0.35	pg/g lipids in blood serum	20

2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF (hexafuran)

In chlorinated furan family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 2.4 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 0.913 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 25 of 34 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Charlotte Brody, Bill Moyers, Lucy Waletsky

0.379	pg/g lipids in blood serum	13.6

Octachlorinated dioxins

Chlorinated dioxins are unwanted byproducts of the manufacture and burning of products that contain chlorine. Dioxins cause cancer in humans, and they are generally considered to be among the most toxic environmental contaminants known to man. As a class, dioxins are extremely toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and lipophilic ("fat-loving"). This means that dioxins build up and are stored in fatty tissues and fluids, such as breast milk, and can be passed on to fetuses and infants during pregnancy and lactation. Most people are exposed to dioxin through the food they eat, primarily from meat, dairy, fish and eggs.

In humans, dioxins are associated with cancer, skin lesions, damage to the nervous system and immune system, altered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, thyroid disruption, altered menstrual cycling, and cardiovascular effects.

In laboratory animals, dioxins are known to cause a variety of effects including cancer and impaired reproductive, endocrine, cardiovascular, immune, respiratory, neurological and metabolic function. In addition, dioxins cause skin disease and birth defects.

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-OCDD (octadioxin)

In dioxin family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 554 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 98.9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 33 of 34 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Monique Harden, Sharyle Patton, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers, Andrea Martin

15.9	pg/g lipids in blood serum	1590

Octachlorinated furans

Chlorinated furans, also called chlorinated dibenzofurans or CDFs, are toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and lipophilic ("fat-loving""). This means that CDFs build up and are stored in fatty tissues and fluid, such as breast milk, and can be passed on to fetuses and infants during pregnancy and lactation.

In humans, CDFs are associated with premature birth and abnormal development, liver toxicity, skin disease, eye inflammation, and damage to the nervous, immune, endocrine, and reproductive systems (ATSDR 1994b).

In laboratory animals, CDFs are known to cause a variety of effects including damage to the reproductive, endocrine, immune, and nervous systems. In addition, CDFs harm the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract, and cause birth defects (ATSDR 1994b).

1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-OCDF (octafuran)

In chlorinated furan family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 11.1 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 2.78 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 17 of 34 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Sharyle Patton, Monique Harden, Michael Lerner, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers, Andrea Martin

1.26	pg/g lipids in blood serum	97.1

Pentachlorinated dioxins

Chlorinated dioxins are unwanted byproducts of the manufacture and burning of products that contain chlorine. Dioxins cause cancer in humans, and they are generally considered to be among the most toxic environmental contaminants known to man. As a class, dioxins are extremely toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and lipophilic ("fat-loving"). This means that dioxins build up and are stored in fatty tissues and fluids, such as breast milk, and can be passed on to fetuses and infants during pregnancy and lactation. Most people are exposed to dioxin through the food they eat, primarily from meat, dairy, fish and eggs.

In humans, dioxins are associated with cancer, skin lesions, damage to the nervous system and immune system, altered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, thyroid disruption, altered menstrual cycling, and cardiovascular effects.

In laboratory animals, dioxins are known to cause a variety of effects including cancer and impaired reproductive, endocrine, cardiovascular, immune, respiratory, neurological and metabolic function. In addition, dioxins cause skin disease and birth defects.

1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD (pentadioxin)

In dioxin family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 9.91 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 2.39 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 658 of 4,821 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Michael Lerner, Andrea Martin, Lexi Rome, Bill Moyers, Lucy Waletsky, Sharyle Patton

3.15	pg/g lipids in blood serum	14.5

Pentachlorinated furans

Chlorinated furans, also called chlorinated dibenzofurans or CDFs, are toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and lipophilic ("fat-loving""). This means that CDFs build up and are stored in fatty tissues and fluid, such as breast milk, and can be passed on to fetuses and infants during pregnancy and lactation.

In humans, CDFs are associated with premature birth and abnormal development, liver toxicity, skin disease, eye inflammation, and damage to the nervous, immune, endocrine, and reproductive systems (ATSDR 1994b).

In laboratory animals, CDFs are known to cause a variety of effects including damage to the reproductive, endocrine, immune, and nervous systems. In addition, CDFs harm the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract, and cause birth defects (ATSDR 1994b).

2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF (pentafuran)

In chlorinated furan family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 6.89 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 2.72 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 19 of 34 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Monique Harden, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Lucy Waletsky, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton

2.26	pg/g lipids in blood serum	11.7

Tetrachlorinated dioxins

Chlorinated dioxins are unwanted byproducts of the manufacture and burning of products that contain chlorine. Dioxins cause cancer in humans, and they are generally considered to be among the most toxic environmental contaminants known to man. As a class, dioxins are extremely toxic, persistent, bioaccumulative, and lipophilic ("fat-loving"). This means that dioxins build up and are stored in fatty tissues and fluids, such as breast milk, and can be passed on to fetuses and infants during pregnancy and lactation. Most people are exposed to dioxin through the food they eat, primarily from meat, dairy, fish and eggs.

In humans, dioxins are associated with cancer, skin lesions, damage to the nervous system and immune system, altered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, thyroid disruption, altered menstrual cycling, and cardiovascular effects.

In laboratory animals, dioxins are known to cause a variety of effects including cancer and impaired reproductive, endocrine, cardiovascular, immune, respiratory, neurological and metabolic function. In addition, dioxins cause skin disease and birth defects.

2,3,7,8-TCDD (tetradioxin)

In dioxin family of chemicals - pollutants from PVC production, industrial bleaching, incineration; cause cancer, may harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: 3.53 pg/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 1.58 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group (vs. 11 of 34 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Monique Harden, Andrea Martin, Michael Lerner, Lexi Rome, Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Sharyle Patton

2.28	pg/g lipids in blood serum	7.12

metals

4 of 5 found

Arsenic (inorganic only)

Known human carcinogen in pressure-treated wood and food. Common tap water pollutant.

• geometric mean: 1.4 ppb in urine
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Michael Lerner

21	ppb in urine	21

Cadmium

In batteries, pigments, coatings, plastic and cigarette smoke. Cadmium causes cancer and is linked to birth defects and kidney damage.

• geometric mean: 0.339 ppb in urine
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Lexi Rome, Andrea Martin, Monique Harden

0.5	ppb in urine	0.7

Lead

Neurotoxic heavy metal linked to IQ deficits and behavioral problems. Found in dust from chipping lead paint in older homes, and in some tap water.

• geometric mean: 2.45 ug/dL in whole blood (vs. 1.33 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group (vs. 7,896 of 8,373 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Lexi Rome, Sharyle Patton, Davis Baltz, Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody, Monique Harden, Bill Moyers, Michael Lerner, Andrea Martin

0.222	ug/dL in whole blood	4.7

Methylmercury

Forms from mercury, a pollutant from coal-fired power plants and other sources. Methylmercury accumulates in seafood and harms brain development and function.

• geometric mean: 3.36 ug/L in whole blood (vs. 0.56 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
• found in 8 of 9 people in the group (vs. 7,584 of 8,373 in CDC biomonitoring)
• found in: Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Lexi Rome, Bill Moyers, Sharyle Patton, Lucy Waletsky, Michael Lerner, Andrea Martin

0.0735	ug/L in whole blood	25.9

organophosphate pesticide metabolites (ops)

7 of 9 found

Breakdown products from pesticides, including Dursban, formerly used in homes and currently used on produce. Can damage brain development.

• geometric mean: 22.6 ppb in urine
• found in 9 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Michael Lerner, Lexi Rome, Sharyle Patton, Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody, Bill Moyers, Monique Harden, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin

4	ppb in urine	70.4

Chlorpyrifos metabolite (3,5,6-TCP)

Organophosphate pesticides were previously marketed for home use and are now used on produce. Known neurotoxins that are particularly toxic to developing fetuses, infants and children

• geometric mean: 3.47 ppb in urine
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Lucy Waletsky, Charlotte Brody, Lexi Rome, Andrea Martin, Monique Harden, Davis Baltz

2.4	ppb in urine	24.1

Diethylphosphate (DEP)

Organophosphate pesticides were previously marketed for home use and are now used on produce. Known neurotoxins that are particularly toxic to developing fetuses, infants and children.

• geometric mean: 2.47 ppb in urine
• found in 4 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Charlotte Brody, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Monique Harden

6	ppb in urine	9

Diethylphosphorothidate (DEPT)

Organophosphate pesticides were previously marketed for home use and are now used on produce. Known neurotoxins that are particularly toxic to developing fetuses, infants and children.

• geometric mean: 1.2 ppb in urine
• found in 1 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Davis Baltz

5	ppb in urine	5

Dimethylphosphate (DMP)

Organophosphate pesticides were previously marketed for home use and are now used on produce. Known neurotoxins that are particularly toxic to developing fetuses, infants and children.

• geometric mean: 5.87 ppb in urine
• found in 6 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Bill Moyers, Davis Baltz, Sharyle Patton, Charlotte Brody, Monique Harden, Andrea Martin

9	ppb in urine	28

Dimethylphosphorothidate (DMPT)

Organophosphate pesticides were previously marketed for home use and are now used on produce. Known neurotoxins that are particularly toxic to developing fetuses, infants and children.

• geometric mean: 5.97 ppb in urine
• found in 7 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Charlotte Brody, Sharyle Patton, Monique Harden, Lucy Waletsky, Davis Baltz, Andrea Martin, Bill Moyers

5	ppb in urine	21

Malathion Dicarboxylic Acid

Organophosphate pesticides were previously marketed for home use and are now used on produce. Known neurotoxins that are particularly toxic to developing fetuses, infants and children.

• geometric mean: 2.03 ppb in urine
• found in 5 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Michael Lerner, Davis Baltz, Monique Harden, Andrea Martin, Lucy Waletsky

2	ppb in urine	8

Malathion Mono-Carboxylic Acid

Organophosphate pesticides were previously marketed for home use and are now used on produce. Known neurotoxins that are particularly toxic to developing fetuses, infants and children.

• geometric mean: 1.26 ppb in urine
• found in 2 of 9 people in the group
• found in: Michael Lerner, Andrea Martin

2	ppb in urine	4

alkylphenols

1 of 1 found

Surfactants in cosmetics, paints, detergents. Toxic to wildlife. May harm hormone system.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 3 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Charlotte Brody

found in 3 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

4-tert-Octylphenol

Widely used surfactants in commercial products; highly toxic to aquatic organisms, and endocrine disruptors in human and animals.

• geometric mean: results not quantified
• found in 3 of 9 people in the group (vs. 3 of 9 in all EWG/Commonweal studies)
• found in: Michael Lerner, Sharyle Patton, Charlotte Brody

found in 3 of 9 members of the group, but not quantified

References/Notes

[1] CDC (2005). National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, Centers for Disease Control. http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/. (Methylmercury results have been compared to total mercury in CDC biomonitoring.)

[2] The chemicals co-eluted in the laboratory analysis.