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EWG's Tap Water Database — 2021 UPDATE

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Haloacetic acids (HAA5)

City of Ceres

Haloacetic acids are formed when disinfectants such as chlorine are added to tap water. The group of five haloacetic acids regulated by federal standards includes monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid. Read More.

Haloacetic acids are harmful during pregnancy and may increase the risk of cancer. Haloacetic acids are� genotoxic, which means that they induce mutations and DNA damage. Multiple studies by the National Toxicology Program have demonstrated the cancer-causing properties of individual haloacetic acids in laboratory animals. The Department of Health and Human Services is currently considering listing di- or tri-haloacetic acids for possible inclusion in its comprehensive Report on Carcinogens.

Click here to read more about disinfection byproducts.

MORE ABOUT THIS CONTAMINANT

 

80

Samples

3

Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)

39

Samples exceeding
health guidelines

Testing results - average by year

 
YearAverage resultSamples takenDetectionsRange of results
2013N/A00N/A
20140.925 ppb127ND - 2.70 ppb
20150.517 ppb124ND - 1.90 ppb
201616.1 ppb1612ND - 64.0 ppb
201714.6 ppb1611ND - 68.0 ppb
20180.450 ppb82ND - 1.90 ppb
20190.244 ppb163ND - 1.50 ppb

ppb = parts per billion

State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines

EWG Health Guideline 0.1 ppb

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.1 ppb for the group of five haloacetic acids, or HAA5, was defined in a peer-reviewed scientific study by EWG and represents a one-in-a-million lifetime cancer risk level. This health guideline protects against cancer.

EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 60 ppb

The legal limit for the group of five haloacetic acids (HAA5), established in 1998, was based on the need for residual disinfectant levels in water served to customers and the cost of treatment. This limit does not fully protect against the risk of cancer and harm to the developing fetus due to exposure to haloacetic acids.

ppb = parts per billion

All test results

Date Lab ID Result
2014-01-075806-903-13401.20 ppb
2014-01-075806-902-13052.70 ppb
2014-01-075806-901-13251.10 ppb
2014-01-075806-900-13151.10 ppb
2014-04-075806-903-15202.50 ppb
2014-04-075806-902-15051.20 ppb
2014-04-075806-901-1435ND
2014-04-075806-900-14251.30 ppb
2014-07-095806-903-1330ND
2014-07-095806-902-1315ND
2014-07-095806-901-1350ND
2014-07-095806-900-1400ND
2015-01-075806-902-11551.80 ppb
2015-01-075806-901-1130ND
2015-01-075806-903-1205ND
2015-01-075806-900-1140ND
2015-07-095806-903-1245ND
2015-07-095806-902-12161.50 ppb
2015-07-095806-900-1226ND
2015-07-095806-901-1235ND
2015-10-065806-901-1100ND
2015-10-065806-900-11401.000 ppb
2015-10-065806-903-1200ND
2015-10-065806-902-11501.90 ppb
2016-01-085806-901-10002.10 ppb
2016-01-085806-900-1010ND
2016-01-085806-903-1040ND
2016-01-085806-902-10152.20 ppb
2016-04-055806-901-1040ND
2016-04-055806-900-10301.30 ppb
2016-04-055806-903-1055ND
2016-04-055806-902-10101.10 ppb
2016-07-075806-901-081025.0 ppb
2016-07-075806-900-080024.0 ppb
2016-07-075806-903-08455.60 ppb
2016-07-075806-902-073020.0 ppb
2016-10-055806-901-104064.0 ppb
2016-10-055806-900-103061.0 ppb
2016-10-055806-903-100533.0 ppb
2016-10-055806-902-102018.0 ppb
2017-01-175806-902-074568.0 ppb
2017-01-175806-900-080025.0 ppb
2017-01-175806-903-080512.0 ppb
2017-01-175806-901-074858.0 ppb
2017-05-255806-902-08451.30 ppb
2017-05-255806-900-093518.0 ppb
2017-05-255806-901-09454.20 ppb
2017-05-255806-903-0910ND
2017-07-195806-903-14258.90 ppb
2017-07-195806-900-135515.0 ppb
2017-07-195806-901-140511.0 ppb
2017-07-195806-902-134012.0 ppb
2017-10-105806-900-1130ND
2017-10-105806-901-1122ND
2017-10-105806-902-1200ND
2017-10-105806-903-1210ND
2018-07-095806-900-1130ND
2018-07-095806-901-1150ND
2018-07-095806-902-11201.90 ppb
2018-07-095806-903-1105ND
2018-10-015806-902-08101.70 ppb
2018-10-015806-900-0900ND
2018-10-015806-903-1040ND
2018-10-015806-901-1030ND
2019-01-075806-903-1100ND
2019-01-075806-902-0815ND
2019-01-075806-901-11101.10 ppb
2019-01-075806-900-09251.30 ppb
2019-04-095806-903-1415ND
2019-04-095806-901-11201.50 ppb
2019-04-095806-902-1330ND
2019-04-095806-900-1105ND
2019-07-085806-903-1055ND
2019-07-085806-900-0850ND
2019-07-085806-901-0900ND
2019-07-085806-902-0755ND
2019-10-075806-903-1110ND
2019-10-075806-900-0805ND
2019-10-075806-901-0815ND
2019-10-075806-902-0745ND