Fluoride
Western Virginia Water Authority
Fluoride occurs naturally in surface and groundwater and is also added to drinking water by many water systems. Read More.
Fluoride has been promoted as a chemical that reduces dental cavities. Yet it is now well-established that fluoride primarily exerts its protective effects through topical mechanisms, such as sodium fluoride in toothpaste and mouthwash. In contrast, long-term ingestion of fluoride in water increases dental fluorosis, which includes mottling, pitting and weakening of the teeth. EPA's maximum legal limit is set at 4 parts per million (ppm) to prevent skeletal fluorosis, a condition where bones become brittle and more susceptible to fractures, although these effects may occur at lower doses.
Even fluoride levels of 0.7 ppm, the amount of fluoride in drinking water recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service, can result in too much fluoride for bottle-fed babies. EWG recommends that caregivers mix baby formula with fluoride-free water. The National Toxicology Program is investigating the potential for low doses of fluoride to alter thyroid function and childhood brain development.
232
Samples
0
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
0
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.639 ppm | 64 | 64 | 0.0500 ppm - 1.50 ppm |
| 2015 | 0.648 ppm | 56 | 56 | 0.150 ppm - 0.850 ppm |
| 2016 | 0.674 ppm | 49 | 49 | 0.220 ppm - 0.850 ppm |
| 2017 | 0.630 ppm | 51 | 51 | 0.0700 ppm - 0.910 ppm |
| 2018 | 0.410 ppm | 6 | 6 | 0.0850 ppm - 0.750 ppm |
| 2019 | 0.432 ppm | 6 | 6 | 0.0485 ppm - 0.703 ppm |
ppm = parts per million
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 4 ppm
ppm = parts per million
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-01-14 | E130902271 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2014-01-14 | E130902283 | 0.470 ppm |
| 2014-01-15 | E130902306 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2014-01-16 | E130902294 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2014-02-17 | E130902295 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2014-02-17 | E130902272 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2014-02-17 | E130902287 | 0.440 ppm |
| 2014-02-19 | E130902307 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2014-02-25 | WA140446 | 0.550 ppm |
| 2014-02-26 | WA140514 | 0.200 ppm |
| 2014-03-05 | E130902273 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2014-03-05 | E130902296 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2014-03-05 | E130902308 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2014-03-05 | E130902282 | 0.500 ppm |
| 2014-03-12 | WA140644 | 0.180 ppm |
| 2014-03-18 | WA140679 | 0.160 ppm |
| 2014-03-18 | WA140678 | 0.140 ppm |
| 2014-03-19 | WA140689 | 1.08 ppm |
| 2014-04-03 | E130902297 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2014-04-03 | E130902309 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2014-04-03 | E130902284 | 0.470 ppm |
| 2014-04-07 | E130902274 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2014-05-05 | E130902315 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2014-05-06 | E130902298 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2014-05-06 | E130902275 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2014-05-07 | E130902285 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2014-05-12 | WA141137 | 0.630 ppm |
| 2014-05-12 | WA141139 | 0.200 ppm |
| 2014-05-12 | WA141138 | 0.0800 ppm |
| 2014-05-13 | WA141181 | 0.0500 ppm |
| 2014-05-21 | W141264 | 1.50 ppm |
| 2014-06-03 | E130902276 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2014-06-03 | E130902299 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2014-06-03 | E130902286 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2014-06-05 | E130902310 | 0.450 ppm |
| 2014-06-20 | WA141539 | 0.660 ppm |
| 2014-06-25 | WA141601 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2014-06-25 | WA141590 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2014-06-25 | WA141602 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2014-07-01 | E130902300 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2014-07-01 | E130902311 | 0.650 ppm |
| 2014-07-03 | E130902277 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2014-07-03 | E130902288 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2014-08-04 | E130902289 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2014-08-04 | E130902301 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2014-08-04 | E130902278 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2014-08-05 | E130902312 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2014-08-05 | WA142006 | 0.190 ppm |
| 2014-09-02 | E130902279 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2014-09-02 | E130902313 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2014-09-02 | E130902302 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2014-09-02 | E130902290 | 0.510 ppm |
| 2014-09-29 | WA142606 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2014-10-01 | E130902281 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2014-10-01 | E130902303 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2014-10-01 | E130902291 | 0.630 ppm |
| 2014-11-10 | E130902314 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2014-11-10 | E130902292 | 0.600 ppm |
| 2014-11-11 | E130902293 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2014-11-24 | E130902316 | 0.570 ppm |
| 2014-12-01 | E130902305 | 0.630 ppm |
| 2014-12-02 | E130902280 | 0.620 ppm |
| 2014-12-09 | E111001344 | 0.620 ppm |
| 2014-12-10 | E130902304 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2015-01-05 | VA010-DCLS | 0.850 ppm |
| 2015-01-05 | VA010-DCLS | 0.700 ppm |
| 2015-01-05 | VA010-DCLS | 0.700 ppm |
| 2015-01-05 | VA010-DCLS | 0.690 ppm |
| 2015-02-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.810 ppm |
| 2015-02-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.670 ppm |
| 2015-02-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.490 ppm |
| 2015-02-04 | VA010-DCLS | 0.700 ppm |
| 2015-03-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.550 ppm |
| 2015-03-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.500 ppm |
| 2015-03-04 | VA010-DCLS | 0.770 ppm |
| 2015-03-04 | VA010-DCLS | 0.620 ppm |
| 2015-03-18 | 00279-WESTERN VA | 0.560 ppm |
| 2015-04-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.760 ppm |
| 2015-04-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.650 ppm |
| 2015-04-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.640 ppm |
| 2015-04-06 | VA010-DCLS | 0.550 ppm |
| 2015-05-08 | VA010-DCLS | 0.760 ppm |
| 2015-05-08 | VA010-DCLS | 0.700 ppm |
| 2015-05-08 | VA010-DCLS | 0.450 ppm |
| 2015-05-11 | VA010-DCLS | 0.600 ppm |
| 2015-05-26 | 00281-REI CONSUL | 0.800 ppm |
| 2015-05-26 | 00281-REI CONSUL | 0.600 ppm |
| 2015-05-26 | 00281-REI CONSUL | 0.600 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | VA010-DCLS | 0.780 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | VA010-DCLS | 0.730 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | VA010-DCLS | 0.730 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | VA010-DCLS | 0.640 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | 00279-WESTERN VA | 0.620 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | 00279-WESTERN VA | 0.310 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | 00279-WESTERN VA | 0.210 ppm |
| 2015-07-13 | VA010-DCLS | 0.740 ppm |
| 2015-07-14 | VA010-DCLS | 0.640 ppm |
| 2015-07-15 | VA010-DCLS | 0.660 ppm |
| 2015-07-31 | VA010-DCLS | 0.630 ppm |
| 2015-08-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.640 ppm |
| 2015-08-04 | VA010-DCLS | 0.760 ppm |
| 2015-08-10 | VA010-DCLS | 0.730 ppm |
| 2015-08-10 | VA010-DCLS | 0.670 ppm |
| 2015-09-08 | 00279-WESTERN VA | 0.840 ppm |
| 2015-09-08 | VA010-DCLS | 0.830 ppm |
| 2015-09-08 | VA010-DCLS | 0.740 ppm |
| 2015-09-09 | VA010-DCLS | 0.820 ppm |
| 2015-10-15 | VA010-DCLS | 0.730 ppm |
| 2015-10-19 | VA010-DCLS | 0.730 ppm |
| 2015-10-19 | VA010-DCLS | 0.690 ppm |
| 2015-10-26 | VA010-DCLS | 0.740 ppm |
| 2015-11-10 | VA010-DCLS | 0.330 ppm |
| 2015-11-13 | VA010-DCLS | 0.780 ppm |
| 2015-11-13 | VA010-DCLS | 0.740 ppm |
| 2015-11-16 | VA010-DCLS | 0.790 ppm |
| 2015-12-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.420 ppm |
| 2015-12-03 | VA010-DCLS | 0.340 ppm |
| 2015-12-14 | VA010-DCLS | 0.710 ppm |
| 2015-12-14 | VA010-DCLS | 0.690 ppm |
| 2015-12-17 | 00279-WESTERN VA | 0.150 ppm |
| 2016-01-13 | E150907632 | 0.460 ppm |
| 2016-01-15 | E150907584 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2016-01-19 | E150907614 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2016-01-20 | E150907560 | 0.500 ppm |
| 2016-02-09 | E150907633 | 0.380 ppm |
| 2016-02-10 | E150907586 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2016-02-10 | E150907561 | 0.530 ppm |
| 2016-02-11 | E150907609 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2016-03-09 | E150907588 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2016-03-09 | WA160721 | 0.370 ppm |
| 2016-03-10 | E150907615 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2016-03-10 | E150907562 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2016-03-11 | E141001834 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2016-04-13 | E150907634 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2016-04-21 | E150907613 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2016-04-21 | E150907587 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2016-04-21 | E150907563 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2016-05-09 | E150907589 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2016-05-09 | E150907564 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2016-05-13 | E150907624 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2016-05-13 | E150907636 | 0.410 ppm |
| 2016-05-17 | WA161478 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2016-05-17 | WA161475 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2016-05-17 | WA161486 | 0.660 ppm |
| 2016-05-17 | WA161481 | 0.650 ppm |
| 2016-06-03 | E150907565 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2016-06-03 | E150907590 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2016-06-08 | E150907652 | 0.620 ppm |
| 2016-06-09 | E150907620 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2016-07-06 | E150907591 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2016-07-07 | E150907623 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2016-07-08 | E150907640 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2016-07-08 | E150907577 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2016-08-16 | 162636-I | 0.220 ppm |
| 2016-08-18 | E150907637 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2016-08-18 | E150907566 | 0.590 ppm |
| 2016-08-22 | E150907612 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2016-09-09 | E150907638 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2016-09-13 | E150907611 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2016-09-13 | E150907567 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2016-10-17 | E150907616 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2016-10-17 | E150907569 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2016-11-16 | E150907568 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2016-11-16 | E150907592 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2016-11-17 | E150907610 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2016-12-08 | E150907617 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2016-12-08 | E150907570 | 0.630 ppm |
| 2016-12-09 | E150907594 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2016-12-09 | E150907639 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2017-01-11 | E150907599 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2017-01-11 | E150907576 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2017-01-12 | E150907618 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2017-02-20 | E150907631 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2017-02-20 | E150907580 | 0.600 ppm |
| 2017-02-20 | E150907598 | 0.580 ppm |
| 2017-02-27 | E150907645 | 0.270 ppm |
| 2017-03-13 | E150907625 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2017-03-13 | E150907578 | 0.660 ppm |
| 2017-03-13 | E150907597 | 0.590 ppm |
| 2017-03-13 | E150907655 | 0.560 ppm |
| 2017-04-10 | E150907619 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2017-04-10 | E150907595 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2017-04-10 | E150907641 | 0.650 ppm |
| 2017-04-10 | E150907571 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2017-05-11 | E150907642 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2017-05-11 | E150907573 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2017-05-11 | E150907621 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2017-05-11 | E150907596 | 0.580 ppm |
| 2017-06-12 | E150907574 | 0.650 ppm |
| 2017-06-13 | E150907602 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2017-06-13 | E150907644 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2017-06-14 | WA171498 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2017-06-14 | WA171496 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2017-06-14 | WA171497 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2017-06-14 | E150907608 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2017-06-14 | WA171513-INO | 0.210 ppm |
| 2017-06-14 | WA171513 | 0.210 ppm |
| 2017-06-14 | WA171495 | 0.0700 ppm |
| 2017-06-22 | WA171609 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2017-06-22 | WA171610 | 0.0980 ppm |
| 2017-07-12 | E150907629 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2017-07-12 | E150907600 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2017-07-12 | E150907575 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2017-07-12 | E150907654 | 0.650 ppm |
| 2017-08-14 | E150907628 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2017-08-14 | E150907601 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2017-08-14 | E150907581 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2017-09-06 | WA172247 | 0.180 ppm |
| 2017-09-21 | E150907627 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2017-09-21 | E150907582 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2017-09-27 | E150907603 | 0.260 ppm |
| 2017-10-24 | E150907626 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2017-10-24 | E150907604 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2017-10-24 | E150907572 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2017-11-06 | E150907643 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2017-11-06 | E150907585 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2017-11-06 | E150907583 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2017-12-12 | E150907579 | 0.590 ppm |
| 2017-12-13 | E150907593 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2017-12-18 | E150907647 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2018-04-26 | WA181110-INO | 0.670 ppm |
| 2018-04-26 | WA181111-INO | 0.0850 ppm |
| 2018-04-26 | WA181114-INO | 0.720 ppm |
| 2018-08-08 | WA182047 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2018-11-27 | 183153 | 0.116 ppm |
| 2018-11-27 | WA183151 | 0.116 ppm |
| 2019-02-05 | WA190330-INO | 0.308 ppm |
| 2019-04-09 | WA190933-INO | 0.0485 ppm |
| 2019-05-20 | 191307 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2019-05-20 | WA191308-INO | 0.654 ppm |
| 2019-05-20 | WA191309-INO | 0.703 ppm |
| 2019-12-26 | 4524673 | 0.200 ppm |