Fluoride
Jefferson Water and Sewer District Public Water System
Fluoride occurs naturally in surface and groundwater and is also added to drinking water by many water systems. Read More.
Fluoride has been promoted as a chemical that reduces dental cavities. Yet it is now well-established that fluoride primarily exerts its protective effects through topical mechanisms, such as sodium fluoride in toothpaste and mouthwash. In contrast, long-term ingestion of fluoride in water increases dental fluorosis, which includes mottling, pitting and weakening of the teeth. EPA's maximum legal limit is set at 4 parts per million (ppm) to prevent skeletal fluorosis, a condition where bones become brittle and more susceptible to fractures, although these effects may occur at lower doses.
Even fluoride levels of 0.7 ppm, the amount of fluoride in drinking water recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service, can result in too much fluoride for bottle-fed babies. EWG recommends that caregivers mix baby formula with fluoride-free water. The National Toxicology Program is investigating the potential for low doses of fluoride to alter thyroid function and childhood brain development.
298
Samples
0
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
0
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.934 ppm | 51 | 51 | 0.680 ppm - 1.04 ppm |
| 2015 | 1.01 ppm | 52 | 52 | 0.640 ppm - 1.46 ppm |
| 2016 | 0.829 ppm | 51 | 51 | 0.450 ppm - 1.07 ppm |
| 2017 | 0.755 ppm | 51 | 51 | 0.360 ppm - 0.940 ppm |
| 2018 | 0.808 ppm | 51 | 51 | 0.330 ppm - 1.10 ppm |
| 2019 | 0.860 ppm | 42 | 42 | 0.220 ppm - 1.46 ppm |
ppm = parts per million
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 4 ppm
ppm = parts per million
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-01-02 | A140159281 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2014-01-08 | A140159296 | 0.980 ppm |
| 2014-01-15 | A140128051 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2014-01-22 | A140128052 | 1.01 ppm |
| 2014-01-29 | A140128053 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2014-02-05 | A140158289 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2014-02-12 | A140180678 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2014-02-19 | A140180690 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2014-02-26 | A140183236 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2014-03-05 | A140183536 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2014-03-19 | A140194188 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2014-03-26 | A140194189 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2014-04-02 | A140194281 | 0.990 ppm |
| 2014-04-09 | A140194977 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2014-04-16 | A140194972 | 1.04 ppm |
| 2014-04-23 | A140170535 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2014-04-30 | A140161384 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2014-05-07 | A140194973 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2014-05-14 | A140194422 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2014-05-21 | A140194423 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2014-05-28 | A140209592 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2014-06-04 | A140194424 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2014-06-11 | A140194642 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2014-06-18 | A140194425 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2014-06-25 | A140194285 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2014-07-02 | A140194190 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2014-07-09 | A140183539 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2014-07-16 | A140202066 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2014-07-23 | A140202067 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2014-07-30 | A140202068 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2014-08-06 | A140183540 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2014-08-13 | A140180692 | 1.01 ppm |
| 2014-08-20 | A140235810 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2014-08-27 | A140235796 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2014-09-03 | A140235802 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2014-09-10 | A140235808 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2014-09-17 | A140240726 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2014-09-24 | A140224011 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2014-10-01 | A140214299 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2014-10-08 | A140240727 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2014-10-15 | A140214302 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2014-10-22 | A140248672 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2014-11-05 | A140242921 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2014-11-12 | A140242922 | 1.03 ppm |
| 2014-11-19 | A140248690 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2014-11-26 | A140249010 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2014-12-03 | A140248673 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2014-12-10 | A140248675 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2014-12-17 | A140257666 | 1.04 ppm |
| 2014-12-24 | A140262764 | 1.03 ppm |
| 2014-12-31 | A140250855 | 1.04 ppm |
| 2015-01-07 | A150258930 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2015-01-14 | A150248892 | 1.09 ppm |
| 2015-01-21 | A150235720 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2015-01-28 | A150224008 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2015-02-04 | A150224009 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2015-02-11 | A150224010 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2015-02-18 | A150273984 | 1.16 ppm |
| 2015-02-25 | A150273985 | 1.26 ppm |
| 2015-03-04 | A150257934 | 1.30 ppm |
| 2015-03-11 | A150273951 | 1.22 ppm |
| 2015-03-18 | A150257935 | 1.26 ppm |
| 2015-03-25 | A150258954 | 1.24 ppm |
| 2015-04-01 | A150258955 | 1.16 ppm |
| 2015-04-08 | A150282148 | 1.11 ppm |
| 2015-04-15 | A150282149 | 1.08 ppm |
| 2015-04-22 | A150282538 | 1.16 ppm |
| 2015-04-29 | A150282539 | 1.08 ppm |
| 2015-05-06 | A150282541 | 1.11 ppm |
| 2015-05-13 | A150291612 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2015-05-20 | A150291613 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2015-05-27 | A150291614 | 1.05 ppm |
| 2015-06-03 | A150291615 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2015-06-10 | A150291616 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2015-06-17 | A150291617 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2015-06-24 | A150291618 | 1.01 ppm |
| 2015-07-01 | A150308901 | 1.01 ppm |
| 2015-07-08 | A150299257 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2015-07-15 | A150294218 | 0.990 ppm |
| 2015-07-22 | A150318797 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2015-07-29 | A150299258 | 1.01 ppm |
| 2015-08-05 | A150299259 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2015-08-12 | A150299260 | 0.990 ppm |
| 2015-08-19 | A150322466 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2015-08-26 | A150318509 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2015-09-02 | A150299261 | 1.000 ppm |
| 2015-09-09 | A150299262 | 1.01 ppm |
| 2015-09-16 | A150299263 | 1.10 ppm |
| 2015-09-23 | A150299264 | 1.03 ppm |
| 2015-09-30 | A150322902 | 1.000 ppm |
| 2015-10-07 | A150299265 | 1.46 ppm |
| 2015-10-14 | A150335010 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2015-10-21 | A150321688 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2015-10-28 | A150321689 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2015-11-04 | A150321911 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2015-11-11 | A150321912 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2015-11-18 | A150345377 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2015-11-25 | A150335033 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2015-12-02 | A150335034 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2015-12-09 | A150350369 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2015-12-16 | A150345510 | 1.15 ppm |
| 2015-12-23 | A150342973 | 0.990 ppm |
| 2015-12-30 | A150348583 | 1.30 ppm |
| 2016-01-06 | A160335035 | 1.000 ppm |
| 2016-01-13 | A160342719 | 0.990 ppm |
| 2016-01-20 | A160357887 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2016-01-27 | A160357888 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2016-02-03 | A160342720 | 1.07 ppm |
| 2016-02-10 | A160368332 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2016-02-17 | A160368540 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2016-02-24 | A160342722 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2016-03-02 | A160363823 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2016-03-09 | A160342723 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2016-03-16 | A160335162 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2016-03-23 | A160335164 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2016-03-30 | A160335165 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2016-04-06 | A160382833 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2016-04-13 | A160382834 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2016-04-20 | A160363899 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2016-04-27 | A160363900 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2016-05-04 | A160368207 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2016-05-11 | A160377769 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2016-05-18 | A160377770 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2016-06-01 | A160403236 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2016-06-08 | A160398654 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2016-06-15 | A160398656 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2016-06-22 | A160398658 | 0.660 ppm |
| 2016-06-29 | A160382859 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2016-07-06 | A160409618 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2016-07-13 | A160382860 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2016-07-20 | A160413236 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2016-07-27 | A160424356 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2016-08-03 | A160424352 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2016-08-10 | A160361218 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2016-08-17 | A160424359 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2016-08-24 | A160413238 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2016-08-31 | A160418875 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2016-09-07 | A160418878 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2016-09-14 | A160420831 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2016-09-21 | A160420832 | 0.540 ppm |
| 2016-09-28 | A160448299 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2016-10-05 | A160420825 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2016-10-12 | A160420826 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2016-10-19 | A160420827 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2016-10-26 | A160434972 | 0.480 ppm |
| 2016-11-02 | A160434974 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2016-11-09 | A160435041 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2016-11-16 | A160435042 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2016-11-23 | A160435044 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2016-11-30 | A160452760 | 0.660 ppm |
| 2016-12-07 | A160448731 | 0.450 ppm |
| 2016-12-14 | A160460691 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2016-12-21 | A160462957 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2016-12-28 | A160460692 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2017-01-04 | A170460693 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2017-01-11 | A170460694 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2017-01-18 | A170469444 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2017-01-25 | A170469445 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2017-02-01 | A170469446 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2017-02-08 | A170469448 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2017-02-15 | A170471253 | 0.430 ppm |
| 2017-02-22 | A170476785 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2017-03-01 | A170479940 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2017-03-08 | A170479941 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2017-03-15 | A170480900 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2017-03-22 | A170480656 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2017-03-29 | A170480782 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2017-04-05 | A170479942 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2017-04-12 | A170492447 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2017-04-19 | A170490900 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2017-04-26 | A170492448 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2017-05-03 | A170492979 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2017-05-10 | A170497588 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2017-05-17 | A170480192 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2017-05-24 | A170503115 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2017-05-31 | A170158885 | 0.390 ppm |
| 2017-06-07 | A170476786 | 0.360 ppm |
| 2017-06-14 | A170444582 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2017-06-21 | A170460953 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2017-06-28 | A170460954 | 0.540 ppm |
| 2017-07-05 | A170503953 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2017-07-12 | A170460956 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2017-07-19 | A170469290 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2017-07-26 | A170469291 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2017-08-02 | A170469293 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2017-08-09 | A170527467 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2017-08-16 | A170469296 | 0.420 ppm |
| 2017-08-23 | A170512022 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2017-08-31 | A170521336 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2017-09-06 | A170521701 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2017-09-13 | A170534713 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2017-09-20 | A170528307 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2017-09-27 | A170539300 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2017-10-11 | A170528311 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2017-10-18 | A170545856 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2017-10-25 | A170547486 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2017-11-01 | A170547792 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2017-11-08 | A170554595 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2017-11-15 | A170528312 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2017-11-22 | A170528313 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2017-11-29 | A170545857 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2017-12-06 | A170528314 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2017-12-13 | A170528315 | 0.370 ppm |
| 2017-12-20 | A170528316 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2017-12-27 | A170528317 | 0.420 ppm |
| 2018-01-03 | A180528321 | 1.000 ppm |
| 2018-01-10 | A180528322 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2018-01-17 | A180528323 | 0.990 ppm |
| 2018-01-24 | A180528324 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2018-01-31 | A180528325 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2018-02-09 | A180528326 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2018-02-14 | A180528327 | 1.03 ppm |
| 2018-02-21 | A180533971 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2018-02-28 | A180582497 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2018-03-07 | A180554760 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2018-03-14 | A180554952 | 0.420 ppm |
| 2018-03-21 | A180557344 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2018-03-28 | A180560055 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2018-04-04 | A180560084 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2018-04-11 | A180560607 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2018-04-18 | A180560882 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2018-04-25 | A180560883 | 0.330 ppm |
| 2018-05-02 | A180560884 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2018-05-09 | A180560897 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2018-05-16 | A180569732 | 0.580 ppm |
| 2018-05-23 | A180574841 | 0.660 ppm |
| 2018-05-31 | A180574942 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2018-06-06 | A180582460 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2018-06-13 | A180582461 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2018-06-20 | A180582644 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2018-06-28 | A180582983 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2018-07-05 | A180582754 | 0.620 ppm |
| 2018-07-11 | A180585002 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2018-07-18 | A180588702 | 1.10 ppm |
| 2018-07-25 | A180574713 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2018-08-01 | A180578193 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2018-08-08 | A180578208 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2018-08-15 | A180589730 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2018-08-22 | A180608215 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2018-08-29 | A180614486 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2018-09-05 | A180617791 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2018-09-13 | A180614484 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2018-09-19 | A180642631 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2018-09-26 | A180642634 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2018-10-10 | A180643047 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2018-10-17 | A180618200 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2018-10-24 | A180647854 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2018-10-24 | A180647856 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2018-11-07 | 8K00789-01 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2018-11-14 | 8K01731-01 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2018-11-21 | 8K02476-02 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2018-11-28 | 8K03018-03 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2018-12-05 | 8L00415-01 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2018-12-12 | 8L01491-01 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2018-12-19 | 8L02295-01 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2018-12-26 | 8L02831-01 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2019-01-02 | 9A00123-02 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2019-01-09 | 9A01240-01 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2019-01-16 | 9A02174-01 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2019-01-23 | 9A02916-01 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2019-01-30 | 9A03526-02 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2019-02-06 | 9B00541-01 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2019-02-13 | 9B01425-02 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2019-02-20 | 9B02279-01 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2019-02-27 | 9B03033-01 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2019-03-06 | 9C00554-01 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2019-03-13 | 9C01594-01 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2019-03-20 | 9C02464-01 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2019-03-27 | 9C03233-01 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2019-04-03 | 9D00386-01 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2019-04-10 | 9D01428-01 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2019-04-17 | 9D02293-01 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2019-04-24 | 9D03053-01 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2019-05-01 | 9E00118-01 | 1.06 ppm |
| 2019-05-08 | 9E01105-01 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2019-05-15 | 9E02139-01 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2019-05-22 | 9E03078-01 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2019-05-29 | 9E03908-02 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2019-06-05 | 9F00605-01 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2019-06-12 | 9F01813-02 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2019-06-19 | 9F02849-01 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2019-06-26 | 9F03874-01 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2019-07-03 | 9G00748-02 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2019-07-10 | 9G01602-01 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2019-07-17 | 9G02868-01 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2019-07-24 | 9G04035-01 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2019-07-31 | 9G04863-01 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2019-08-07 | 9H01055-02 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2019-08-14 | 9H02388-02 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2019-08-21 | 9H03362-01 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2019-08-28 | 9H04474-01 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2019-09-04 | 9I00480-01 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2019-09-11 | 9I01659-02 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2019-09-18 | 9I02746-01 | 1.14 ppm |
| 2019-09-25 | 9I03724-02 | 1.23 ppm |
| 2019-10-02 | 9J00430-01 | 1.46 ppm |
| 2019-10-09 | 9J01508-01 | 1.14 ppm |
| 2019-10-16 | 9J02577-01 | 1.16 ppm |