1,4-Dioxane
Garfield Water Department
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 0.450 ppb | 3 | 2 | ND - 0.740 ppb |
| 2014 | 0.276 ppb | 5 | 3 | ND - 0.670 ppb |
| 2015 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | 0.612 ppb | 26 | 19 | ND - 1.98 ppb |
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2013-10-21 | 201310220223AM | 0.610 ppb |
| 2013-10-21 | 201310220080AM | 0.740 ppb |
| 2013-10-21 | 201310220084AM | ND |
| 2014-01-28 | 201401290361AM | 0.0800 ppb |
| 2014-04-28 | 201404290243AM | 0.630 ppb |
| 2014-04-28 | 201404290239AM | 0.670 ppb |
| 2014-04-28 | 201404290261AM | ND |
| 2014-07-16 | 201407170618AM | ND |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-11 | ND |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-05 | 1.98 ppb |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-04 | 1.42 ppb |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-03 | 1.19 ppb |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-02 | ND |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-10 | 0.238 ppb |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-09 | ND |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-13 | ND |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-12 | 0.595 ppb |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-01 | 0.500 ppb |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-06 | ND |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-07 | ND |
| 2017-02-21 | 17B0701-08 | ND |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-03 | 1.50 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-04 | 0.900 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-08 | 0.300 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-05 | 1.70 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-09 | 0.200 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-07 | 0.200 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-02 | 0.900 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-06 | 0.700 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-13 | 0.300 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-01 | 1.40 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-11 | 0.400 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-12 | 0.800 ppb |
| 2017-06-07 | 17F0283-10 | 0.700 ppb |