Chromium (total)

Swansea Water District

Chromium is a naturally occurring metal, but industrial uses can elevate its levels in water. One form, hexavalent chromium, causes cancer. Total chromium is not a good indicator of the amount of hexavalent chromium in drinking water.

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Samples

Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)

Samples exceeding
health guidelines

Testing results - average by year

Year	Average result	Samples taken	Detections	Range of results
2014	ND	5	0	ND
2015	0.232 ppb	25	20	ND - 0.380 ppb
2016	ND	1	0	ND
2017	ND	5	0	ND
2018	ND	5	0	ND
2019	ND	1	0	ND

ppb = parts per billion

State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines

EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 100 ppb

The legal limit for total chromium, established in 1991, was based on a 1958 toxicity study in laboratory animals, and applies to both the less-toxic trivalent chromium and the more-toxic hexavalent chromium forms of this compound. This limit does not protect against the risk of cancer from ingestion of hexavalent chromium.

ppb = parts per billion

All test results

Date	Result
2014-03-10	ND
2014-03-10	ND
2014-03-10	ND
2014-03-10	ND
2014-06-02	ND
2015-01-21	ND
2015-01-21	ND
2015-01-21	ND
2015-02-10	ND
2015-02-12	0.210 ppb
2015-02-12	0.360 ppb
2015-02-12	0.230 ppb
2015-02-12	0.280 ppb
2015-02-12	0.210 ppb
2015-02-12	0.270 ppb
2015-05-21	0.360 ppb
2015-05-21	0.270 ppb
2015-05-21	0.300 ppb
2015-05-21	0.320 ppb
2015-06-18	ND
2015-08-13	0.240 ppb
2015-08-13	0.360 ppb
2015-08-13	0.250 ppb
2015-08-13	0.280 ppb
2015-08-18	0.310 ppb
2015-08-18	0.380 ppb
2015-11-12	0.280 ppb
2015-11-12	0.360 ppb
2015-11-12	0.260 ppb
2015-11-12	0.280 ppb
2016-05-24	ND
2017-03-20	ND
2017-03-20	ND
2017-03-21	ND
2017-03-21	ND
2017-05-31	ND
2018-01-18	ND
2018-01-18	ND
2018-01-18	ND
2018-03-19	ND
2018-06-14	ND
2019-06-20	ND