1,4-Dioxane
Citizens Water - Indianapolis
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2015 | 0.0738 ppb | 26 | 11 | ND - 0.280 ppb |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2015-03-16 | 3206692 | 0.1000 ppb |
| 2015-03-16 | 3206651 | 0.0800 ppb |
| 2015-03-16 | 3206710 | ND |
| 2015-03-17 | 3208269 | ND |
| 2015-03-17 | 3208209 | 0.260 ppb |
| 2015-03-17 | 3208176 | ND |
| 2015-06-25 | 3271514 | ND |
| 2015-06-25 | 3271600 | ND |
| 2015-06-25 | 3271535 | 0.170 ppb |
| 2015-06-25 | 3271480 | ND |
| 2015-06-25 | 3271566 | ND |
| 2015-06-25 | 3271503 | 0.250 ppb |
| 2015-06-26 | 3271587 | 0.1000 ppb |
| 2015-09-22 | 3327738 | ND |
| 2015-09-22 | 3327696 | 0.110 ppb |
| 2015-09-22 | 3327720 | ND |
| 2015-09-23 | 3328716 | ND |
| 2015-09-23 | 3328687 | ND |
| 2015-09-23 | 3328813 | ND |
| 2015-09-23 | 3328736 | 0.0900 ppb |
| 2015-09-23 | 3328777 | ND |
| 2015-09-23 | 3328751 | 0.280 ppb |
| 2015-12-09 | 3371997 | 0.210 ppb |
| 2015-12-09 | 3372034 | 0.270 ppb |
| 2015-12-09 | 3372179 | ND |
| 2015-12-10 | 3372853 | ND |