Fluoride
South Adams County Water and Sanitation District
Fluoride occurs naturally in surface and groundwater and is also added to drinking water by many water systems. Read More.
Fluoride has been promoted as a chemical that reduces dental cavities. Yet it is now well-established that fluoride primarily exerts its protective effects through topical mechanisms, such as sodium fluoride in toothpaste and mouthwash. In contrast, long-term ingestion of fluoride in water increases dental fluorosis, which includes mottling, pitting and weakening of the teeth. EPA's maximum legal limit is set at 4 parts per million (ppm) to prevent skeletal fluorosis, a condition where bones become brittle and more susceptible to fractures, although these effects may occur at lower doses.
Even fluoride levels of 0.7 ppm, the amount of fluoride in drinking water recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service, can result in too much fluoride for bottle-fed babies. EWG recommends that caregivers mix baby formula with fluoride-free water. The National Toxicology Program is investigating the potential for low doses of fluoride to alter thyroid function and childhood brain development.
Testing results - average by year
Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
2014 | 0.800 ppm | 9 | 9 | 0.480 ppm - 1.60 ppm |
2015 | 1.62 ppm | 1 | 1 | 1.62 ppm |
2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
2017 | 0.817 ppm | 56 | 56 | 0.460 ppm - 1.68 ppm |
2018 | 0.771 ppm | 99 | 99 | 0.420 ppm - 2.31 ppm |
2019 | 0.748 ppm | 99 | 99 | 0.450 ppm - 1.77 ppm |
ppm = parts per million
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 4 ppm
ppm = parts per million
All test results
Date | Result |
---|---|
2014-08-04 | 0.490 ppm |
2014-08-04 | 0.630 ppm |
2014-08-04 | 1.03 ppm |
2014-08-04 | 0.500 ppm |
2014-08-04 | 0.800 ppm |
2014-08-04 | 1.19 ppm |
2014-08-04 | 1.60 ppm |
2014-08-04 | 0.480 ppm |
2014-08-04 | 0.480 ppm |
2015-06-08 | 1.62 ppm |
2017-07-17 | 0.470 ppm |
2017-07-17 | 0.460 ppm |
2017-07-17 | 0.800 ppm |
2017-07-17 | 0.540 ppm |
2017-07-17 | 0.830 ppm |
2017-07-17 | 1.26 ppm |
2017-07-17 | 1.46 ppm |
2017-07-17 | 1.32 ppm |
2017-07-17 | 0.460 ppm |
2017-07-17 | 0.490 ppm |
2017-08-28 | 0.540 ppm |
2017-08-28 | 0.550 ppm |
2017-08-28 | 0.850 ppm |
2017-08-28 | 0.550 ppm |
2017-08-28 | 0.890 ppm |
2017-08-28 | 1.22 ppm |
2017-08-28 | 1.57 ppm |
2017-08-28 | 0.860 ppm |
2017-08-28 | 0.560 ppm |
2017-08-28 | 0.550 ppm |
2017-09-25 | 0.530 ppm |
2017-09-25 | 0.510 ppm |
2017-09-25 | 0.540 ppm |
2017-09-25 | 0.530 ppm |
2017-09-25 | 0.780 ppm |
2017-09-25 | 1.24 ppm |
2017-09-25 | 1.44 ppm |
2017-09-25 | 0.740 ppm |
2017-09-25 | 0.500 ppm |
2017-09-25 | 0.550 ppm |
2017-10-30 | 0.530 ppm |
2017-10-30 | 0.540 ppm |
2017-10-30 | 1.24 ppm |
2017-10-30 | 0.960 ppm |
2017-10-30 | 0.890 ppm |
2017-10-30 | 1.28 ppm |
2017-10-30 | 1.68 ppm |
2017-10-30 | 1.12 ppm |
2017-10-30 | 0.560 ppm |
2017-10-30 | 0.540 ppm |
2017-11-28 | 0.590 ppm |
2017-11-28 | 0.580 ppm |
2017-11-28 | 1.36 ppm |
2017-11-28 | 0.550 ppm |
2017-11-28 | 0.930 ppm |
2017-11-28 | 1.31 ppm |
2017-11-28 | 0.930 ppm |
2017-11-28 | 0.610 ppm |
2017-11-28 | 0.590 ppm |
2017-12-11 | 0.550 ppm |
2017-12-11 | 0.570 ppm |
2017-12-11 | 0.880 ppm |
2017-12-11 | 0.540 ppm |
2017-12-11 | 0.940 ppm |
2017-12-11 | 1.35 ppm |
2017-12-11 | 0.550 ppm |
2018-01-08 | 0.540 ppm |
2018-01-08 | 0.550 ppm |
2018-01-08 | 0.810 ppm |
2018-01-08 | 0.630 ppm |
2018-01-08 | 0.820 ppm |
2018-01-08 | 1.38 ppm |
2018-01-08 | 1.60 ppm |
2018-01-08 | 0.560 ppm |
2018-02-05 | 0.560 ppm |
2018-02-05 | 0.530 ppm |
2018-02-05 | 0.820 ppm |
2018-02-05 | 0.530 ppm |
2018-02-05 | 0.960 ppm |
2018-02-05 | 1.47 ppm |
2018-02-05 | 1.66 ppm |
2018-02-05 | 0.540 ppm |
2018-03-05 | 0.520 ppm |
2018-03-05 | 0.490 ppm |
2018-03-05 | 0.490 ppm |
2018-03-05 | 0.430 ppm |
2018-03-05 | 0.850 ppm |
2018-03-05 | 1.38 ppm |
2018-03-05 | 1.35 ppm |
2018-03-05 | 0.480 ppm |
2018-03-22 | 0.480 ppm |
2018-04-02 | 0.480 ppm |
2018-04-02 | 0.500 ppm |
2018-04-02 | 0.500 ppm |
2018-04-02 | 0.550 ppm |
2018-04-02 | 0.880 ppm |
2018-04-02 | 1.34 ppm |
2018-04-02 | 1.40 ppm |
2018-04-02 | 0.510 ppm |
2018-04-02 | 0.500 ppm |
2018-05-14 | 0.440 ppm |
2018-05-14 | 0.430 ppm |
2018-05-14 | 0.450 ppm |
2018-05-14 | 0.530 ppm |
2018-05-14 | 0.850 ppm |
2018-05-14 | 1.26 ppm |
2018-05-14 | 1.41 ppm |
2018-05-14 | 0.420 ppm |
2018-05-14 | 0.430 ppm |
2018-06-12 | 0.490 ppm |
2018-06-12 | 0.500 ppm |
2018-06-12 | 0.500 ppm |
2018-06-12 | 0.530 ppm |
2018-06-12 | 0.900 ppm |
2018-06-12 | 1.25 ppm |
2018-06-12 | 1.48 ppm |
2018-06-12 | 0.500 ppm |
2018-06-12 | 0.510 ppm |
2018-07-09 | 0.510 ppm |
2018-07-09 | 0.520 ppm |
2018-07-09 | 0.520 ppm |
2018-07-09 | 0.430 ppm |
2018-07-09 | 0.830 ppm |
2018-07-09 | 1.26 ppm |
2018-07-09 | 1.52 ppm |
2018-07-09 | 0.540 ppm |
2018-07-09 | 0.530 ppm |
2018-08-06 | 0.520 ppm |
2018-08-06 | 0.510 ppm |
2018-08-06 | 0.510 ppm |
2018-08-06 | 0.500 ppm |
2018-08-06 | 0.740 ppm |
2018-08-06 | 1.32 ppm |
2018-08-06 | 1.78 ppm |
2018-08-06 | 0.520 ppm |
2018-08-06 | 0.520 ppm |
2018-10-01 | 0.510 ppm |
2018-10-01 | 0.510 ppm |
2018-10-01 | 0.480 ppm |
2018-10-01 | 0.480 ppm |
2018-10-01 | 0.980 ppm |
2018-10-01 | 0.490 ppm |
2018-10-01 | 0.800 ppm |
2018-10-01 | 1.28 ppm |
2018-10-01 | 2.31 ppm |
2018-10-03 | 1.85 ppm |
2018-11-05 | 0.480 ppm |
2018-11-05 | 0.470 ppm |
2018-11-05 | 1.10 ppm |
2018-11-05 | 0.550 ppm |
2018-11-05 | 0.730 ppm |
2018-11-05 | 1.23 ppm |
2018-11-05 | 0.760 ppm |
2018-11-05 | 0.490 ppm |
2018-11-05 | 0.480 ppm |
2018-11-26 | 0.440 ppm |
2018-11-26 | 0.440 ppm |
2018-11-26 | 0.450 ppm |
2018-11-26 | 0.540 ppm |
2018-11-26 | 0.770 ppm |
2018-11-26 | 1.28 ppm |
2018-11-26 | 1.32 ppm |
2018-11-26 | 0.450 ppm |
2018-11-26 | 0.460 ppm |
2018-12-05 | 0.630 ppm |
2019-01-07 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-01-07 | 0.510 ppm |
2019-01-07 | 0.530 ppm |
2019-01-07 | 0.750 ppm |
2019-01-07 | 1.22 ppm |
2019-01-07 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-01-07 | 0.450 ppm |
2019-02-04 | 0.490 ppm |
2019-02-04 | 0.500 ppm |
2019-02-04 | 0.580 ppm |
2019-02-04 | 0.740 ppm |
2019-02-04 | 1.33 ppm |
2019-02-04 | 0.520 ppm |
2019-02-04 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-03-05 | 0.490 ppm |
2019-03-05 | 0.490 ppm |
2019-03-05 | 0.560 ppm |
2019-03-05 | 0.830 ppm |
2019-03-05 | 1.30 ppm |
2019-03-05 | 0.490 ppm |
2019-03-05 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-03-25 | 0.750 ppm |
2019-04-01 | 0.460 ppm |
2019-04-01 | 0.500 ppm |
2019-04-01 | 0.780 ppm |
2019-04-01 | 0.560 ppm |
2019-04-01 | 0.710 ppm |
2019-04-01 | 1.37 ppm |
2019-04-01 | 0.500 ppm |
2019-04-01 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-05-13 | 0.500 ppm |
2019-05-13 | 0.500 ppm |
2019-05-13 | 0.930 ppm |
2019-05-13 | 0.550 ppm |
2019-05-13 | 0.840 ppm |
2019-05-13 | 1.25 ppm |
2019-05-13 | 1.43 ppm |
2019-05-13 | 0.490 ppm |
2019-05-13 | 0.520 ppm |
2019-06-17 | 0.490 ppm |
2019-06-17 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-06-17 | 0.760 ppm |
2019-06-17 | 0.550 ppm |
2019-06-17 | 0.780 ppm |
2019-06-17 | 1.27 ppm |
2019-06-17 | 1.40 ppm |
2019-06-17 | 0.490 ppm |
2019-06-17 | 0.490 ppm |
2019-07-15 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-07-15 | 0.780 ppm |
2019-07-15 | 0.520 ppm |
2019-07-15 | 0.470 ppm |
2019-07-15 | 0.500 ppm |
2019-07-15 | 1.50 ppm |
2019-07-15 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-07-15 | 0.470 ppm |
2019-08-12 | 0.520 ppm |
2019-08-12 | 0.510 ppm |
2019-08-12 | 0.740 ppm |
2019-08-12 | 0.490 ppm |
2019-08-12 | 0.820 ppm |
2019-08-12 | 1.25 ppm |
2019-08-12 | 1.69 ppm |
2019-08-12 | 0.500 ppm |
2019-08-12 | 0.510 ppm |
2019-09-09 | 0.460 ppm |
2019-09-09 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-09-09 | 0.840 ppm |
2019-09-09 | 0.460 ppm |
2019-09-09 | 0.750 ppm |
2019-09-09 | 1.22 ppm |
2019-09-09 | 1.43 ppm |
2019-09-09 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-09-09 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-10-21 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-10-21 | 1.30 ppm |
2019-10-21 | 0.520 ppm |
2019-10-21 | 0.870 ppm |
2019-10-21 | 1.30 ppm |
2019-10-21 | 1.56 ppm |
2019-10-21 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-10-21 | 0.490 ppm |
2019-11-18 | 0.480 ppm |
2019-11-18 | 1.29 ppm |
2019-11-18 | 0.510 ppm |
2019-11-18 | 0.790 ppm |
2019-11-18 | 1.28 ppm |
2019-11-18 | 1.51 ppm |
2019-11-18 | 0.470 ppm |
2019-11-18 | 0.470 ppm |
2019-12-16 | 0.470 ppm |
2019-12-16 | 0.460 ppm |
2019-12-16 | 1.77 ppm |
2019-12-16 | 0.540 ppm |
2019-12-16 | 0.850 ppm |
2019-12-16 | 1.28 ppm |
2019-12-16 | 1.57 ppm |
2019-12-16 | 0.470 ppm |
2019-12-16 | 0.480 ppm |