1,4-Dioxane
City of Stockton
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2015 | 0.00744 ppb | 39 | 2 | ND - 0.210 ppb |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2015-02-03 | A5A1406-01A | ND |
| 2015-02-17 | A5A1435-20A | ND |
| 2015-02-17 | A5A1435-06A | ND |
| 2015-02-17 | A5A1435-25A | 0.210 ppb |
| 2015-02-18 | A5A1436-11A | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | A5A1436-01A | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | A5A1437-01A | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | A5A1436-21A | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | A5A1436-26A | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | A5A1436-06A | ND |
| 2015-02-18 | A5A1436-16A | ND |
| 2015-02-19 | A5A1437-11A | ND |
| 2015-02-19 | A5A1437-16A | ND |
| 2015-02-19 | A5B1469-02A | ND |
| 2015-02-19 | A5B1469-01A | ND |
| 2015-02-19 | A5A1437-21A | ND |
| 2015-02-19 | A5A1437-06A | ND |
| 2015-05-13 | A5D2252-06A | ND |
| 2015-05-13 | A5D2252-01A | ND |
| 2015-05-13 | A5D2252-11A | ND |
| 2015-08-11 | A5G2145-01A | ND |
| 2015-08-11 | A5G2155-06A | ND |
| 2015-08-11 | A5G2145-11A | ND |
| 2015-08-11 | A5G2155-01A | 0.0800 ppb |
| 2015-08-11 | A5G2145-06A | ND |
| 2015-08-12 | A5G2161-31A | ND |
| 2015-08-12 | A5G2161-16A | ND |
| 2015-08-12 | A5G2177-16A | ND |
| 2015-08-12 | A5G2161-06A | ND |
| 2015-08-12 | A5G2161-01A | ND |
| 2015-08-12 | A5G2161-11A | ND |
| 2015-08-12 | A5G2161-21A | ND |
| 2015-08-13 | A5G2177-11A | ND |
| 2015-08-13 | A5G2161-26A | ND |
| 2015-08-13 | A5G2177-01A | ND |
| 2015-08-13 | A5G2177-06A | ND |
| 2015-11-04 | A5J1873-06A | ND |
| 2015-11-04 | A5J1873-11A | ND |
| 2015-11-04 | A5J1873-01A | ND |