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EWG's Tap Water Database — 2021 UPDATE

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2,4-D

California Water Service - Stockton

2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) is a herbicide that can be applied directly to GMO corn and soy plants engineered to withstand this toxic chemical. Americans' exposures to 2,4-D from food and drinking water will likely increase in years to come as farmers plant more of these GMO crops. Read More.

2,4-D is an endocrine disruptor that interferes with thyroid hormones. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies 2,4-D as possibly carcinogenic to humans. In occupational studies, farmers exposed to 2,4-D tended to have higher incidences of damaged and malformed sperm. Laboratory animals exposed to 2,4-D during gestation are born underdeveloped and are more likely to have birth defects.

 

37

Samples

0

Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)

0

Samples exceeding
health guidelines

Testing results - average by year

 
YearAverage resultSamples takenDetectionsRange of results
2014ND20ND
2015ND60ND
2016ND20ND
2017ND70ND
2018ND90ND
2019ND110ND

ppb = parts per billion

State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines

EWG Health Guideline 20 ppb

The EWG Health Guideline of 20 ppb for 2,4-D was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. This health guideline protects against harm to internal organs.

EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 70 ppb

The legal limit for 2,4-D, established in 1991, was based on toxicity studies in laboratory animals conducted in the 1980s. This limit may not fully protect against harm to the nervous system, harm to the thyroid, and hormone disruption.

ppb = parts per billion

All test results

Date Lab ID Result
2014-07-295810-130-1102ND
2014-12-025810-130-1414ND
2015-06-109590-130-1136ND
2015-08-161610-133-1900ND
2015-09-229590-130-1114ND
2015-10-269590-060-1145ND
2015-11-199590-059-1056ND
2015-12-099590-018-0553ND
2016-02-239590-061-1110ND
2016-09-205810-130-0950ND
2017-04-189590-133-1146ND
2017-06-155810-130-1130ND
2017-07-129590-133-1420ND
2017-07-139590-029-1354ND
2017-09-199590-130-1040ND
2017-10-109590-058-0950ND
2017-10-109590-133-1110ND
2018-01-029590-054-1115ND
2018-01-039590-133-0950ND
2018-04-059590-133-1320ND
2018-04-119590-050-1225ND
2018-06-059590-130-1405ND
2018-07-099590-056-1305ND
2018-07-099590-133-1100ND
2018-09-059590-130-1443ND
2018-10-099590-133-1325ND
2019-01-029590-133-1301ND
2019-02-149590-061-1430ND
2019-04-029590-133-1235ND
2019-04-239590-053-1145ND
2019-05-089590-007-1120ND
2019-06-119590-130-1140ND
2019-07-099590-133-1400ND
2019-09-049590-130-1250ND
2019-10-019590-067-1150ND
2019-10-029590-028-1300ND
2019-10-099590-133-1059ND