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EWG's Tap Water Database — 2021 UPDATE

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1,4-Dioxane

City of Santa Ana

1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.

Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.

Click here to read more about 1,4-dioxane.

MORE ABOUT THIS CONTAMINANT

 

159

Samples

0

Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)

1

Samples exceeding
health guidelines

Testing results - average by year

 
YearAverage resultSamples takenDetectionsRange of results
2013ND80ND
20140.0745 ppb4218ND - 0.240 ppb
2015ND240ND
2016ND270ND
2017ND190ND
2018ND160ND
20190.0565 ppb231ND - 1.30 ppb

ppb = parts per billion

State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines

EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.

ppb = parts per billion

All test results

Date Lab ID Result
2013-03-043010038834ND
2013-03-053010038825ND
2013-06-103010038825-2ND
2013-06-103010038834-2ND
2013-09-033010038825-3ND
2013-09-033010038834-3ND
2013-12-093010038825-4ND
2013-12-093010038834-4ND
2014-02-043010038832-10.240 ppb
2014-02-043010038824-10.220 ppb
2014-02-043010038833-10.160 ppb
2014-02-043010038806-1ND
2014-02-043010038812-10.160 ppb
2014-02-043010038802-10.1000 ppb
2014-02-043010038804-10.130 ppb
2014-02-043010038820-1ND
2014-02-043010038823-10.120 ppb
2014-02-043010038813-10.190 ppb
2014-02-043010038817-10.180 ppb
2014-02-184417-018-1055ND
2014-02-184417-019-1215ND
2014-02-184417-021-0820ND
2014-02-184417-022-0905ND
2014-02-184417-027-1400ND
2014-02-184417-028-1415ND
2014-02-184417-029-1030ND
2014-02-184417-030-0845ND
2014-02-184417-033-1010ND
2014-02-184417-034-1520ND
2014-02-184417-035-1125ND
2014-02-184417-037-1255ND
2014-02-184417-038-0730ND
2014-02-184417-039-1335ND
2014-02-184417-061-1230ND
2014-02-184417-073-1435ND
2014-02-184417-074-0940ND
2014-03-114417-025-0815ND
2014-03-114417-031-0855ND
2014-07-083010038832-20.228 ppb
2014-07-083010038824-20.240 ppb
2014-07-083010038833-20.170 ppb
2014-07-083010038809-20.169 ppb
2014-07-083010038812-20.176 ppb
2014-07-083010038804-20.134 ppb
2014-07-083010038806-2ND
2014-07-083010038820-2ND
2014-07-083010038823-20.111 ppb
2014-07-083010038813-20.167 ppb
2014-07-083010038817-20.236 ppb
2014-12-174417-026-1050ND
2015-02-244417-018-1110ND
2015-02-244417-019-0840ND
2015-02-244417-028-0905ND
2015-02-244417-029-1145ND
2015-02-244417-031-0950ND
2015-02-244417-033-1135ND
2015-02-244417-034-1215ND
2015-02-244417-035-0830ND
2015-02-244417-037-0810ND
2015-02-244417-038-0735ND
2015-02-244417-039-1020ND
2015-02-244417-073-0940ND
2015-02-244417-074-1120ND
2015-03-184417-061-0805ND
2015-05-194417-021-0705ND
2015-05-194417-022-0735ND
2015-05-194417-026-1010ND
2015-05-194417-030-0720ND
2015-05-194417-074-1050ND
2015-06-164417-027-0635ND
2015-08-124417-018-0625ND
2015-08-124417-019-0525ND
2015-08-124417-025-0510ND
2015-08-124417-035-0540ND
2016-02-164417-026-1110ND
2016-02-164417-027-1000ND
2016-02-164417-028-0950ND
2016-02-164417-031-1045ND
2016-02-164417-033-1220ND
2016-02-164417-034-1135ND
2016-02-164417-037-0835ND
2016-02-164417-038-0750ND
2016-02-164417-039-1025ND
2016-02-164417-061-0915ND
2016-02-164417-073-1245ND
2016-03-074417-029-0810ND
2016-05-244417-021-0820ND
2016-05-244417-022-0905ND
2016-05-244417-030-0840ND
2016-05-244417-074-1155ND
2016-07-074417-025-0630ND
2016-08-034417-018-0800ND
2016-08-034417-019-0915ND
2016-08-034417-028-0955ND
2016-08-034417-033-1100ND
2016-08-034417-034-0710ND
2016-08-034417-035-0830ND
2016-08-034417-037-0845ND
2016-08-034417-038-1025ND
2016-10-314417-018-0805ND
2016-10-314417-033-0915ND
2017-02-274417-025-0850ND
2017-02-274417-026-1025ND
2017-02-274417-027-0920ND
2017-02-274417-031-1005ND
2017-02-274417-039-0945ND
2017-02-274417-061-0835ND
2017-05-164417-019-0950ND
2017-05-164417-021-1140ND
2017-05-164417-022-1205ND
2017-05-164417-025-0830ND
2017-05-164417-028-0915ND
2017-05-164417-030-1150ND
2017-05-164417-031-1040ND
2017-05-164417-034-0750ND
2017-05-164417-035-0940ND
2017-05-164417-037-1230ND
2017-05-164417-038-1115ND
2017-05-164417-074-1020ND
2017-06-014417-073-0915ND
2018-02-214417-019-0700ND
2018-02-214417-026-0950ND
2018-02-214417-027-0750ND
2018-02-214417-039-0830ND
2018-02-214417-061-0725ND
2018-04-264417-035-0815ND
2018-05-154417-021-0750ND
2018-05-154417-022-1240ND
2018-05-154417-025-1050ND
2018-05-154417-028-0920ND
2018-05-154417-031-0950ND
2018-05-154417-034-1215ND
2018-05-154417-037-0815ND
2018-05-154417-074-1015ND
2018-06-204417-030-0815ND
2018-10-114417-038-0800ND
2019-03-114417-021-0840ND
2019-03-114417-025-0925ND
2019-03-114417-026-1140ND
2019-03-114417-027-1030ND
2019-03-114417-028-1020ND
2019-03-114417-031-1110ND
2019-03-114417-035-1000ND
2019-03-114417-037-0905ND
2019-03-114417-038-0815ND
2019-03-114417-039-1055ND
2019-03-114417-061-0940ND
2019-03-114417-074-1200ND
2019-03-204417-030-1335ND
2019-05-294417-019-11301.30 ppb
2019-06-194417-019-0955ND
2019-06-194417-019-1005ND
2019-07-234417-019-0840ND
2019-07-234417-033-0750ND
2019-07-234417-034-1020ND
2019-09-174417-073-0815ND
2019-11-054417-022-1030ND
2019-11-054417-073-0955ND
2019-11-054417-073-1505ND