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EWG's Tap Water Database — 2021 UPDATE

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1,4-Dioxane

South Gate Water Department

1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.

Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.

Click here to read more about 1,4-dioxane.

MORE ABOUT THIS CONTAMINANT

 

124

Samples

0

Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)

97

Samples exceeding
health guidelines

Testing results - average by year

 
YearAverage resultSamples takenDetectionsRange of results
20130.663 ppb128ND - 1.70 ppb
20142.66 ppb16162.00 ppb - 5.50 ppb
20151.77 ppb1512ND - 3.20 ppb
20161.65 ppb2016ND - 2.80 ppb
20171.53 ppb2016ND - 2.40 ppb
20181.28 ppb2014ND - 2.20 ppb
20191.44 ppb2117ND - 2.70 ppb

ppb = parts per billion

State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines

EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.

ppb = parts per billion

All test results

Date Lab ID Result
2013-03-14440-40916-71.70 ppb
2013-03-14440-40916-50.540 ppb
2013-03-14440-40916-90.200 ppb
2013-03-14440-40916-1ND
2013-03-14440-40916-31.60 ppb
2013-06-13440-49196-1ND
2013-09-2629059021.70 ppb
2013-09-2629059650.220 ppb
2013-09-262905846ND
2013-09-2629058680.500 ppb
2013-09-2629058571.50 ppb
2013-12-122946494ND
2014-01-169588-007-11105.50 ppb
2014-01-169588-008-11202.60 ppb
2014-01-169588-009-12152.00 ppb
2014-01-169588-014-13303.20 ppb
2014-04-179588-007-11332.00 ppb
2014-04-179588-008-11452.90 ppb
2014-04-179588-009-11202.00 ppb
2014-04-179588-014-13252.60 ppb
2014-07-249588-008-12122.90 ppb
2014-07-249588-009-11302.10 ppb
2014-07-249588-014-10082.60 ppb
2014-09-259588-007-10002.30 ppb
2014-10-099588-007-12012.00 ppb
2014-10-099588-008-11523.10 ppb
2014-10-099588-009-11362.10 ppb
2014-10-099588-014-13172.60 ppb
2015-01-089588-007-10481.90 ppb
2015-01-089588-008-10552.80 ppb
2015-01-089588-009-10302.00 ppb
2015-01-089588-014-1206ND
2015-04-099588-007-11241.50 ppb
2015-04-099588-008-11432.80 ppb
2015-07-099588-007-12351.90 ppb
2015-07-099588-008-12103.20 ppb
2015-07-099588-016-1130ND
2015-09-179588-009-09542.10 ppb
2015-10-089588-007-09201.70 ppb
2015-10-089588-008-09042.50 ppb
2015-10-089588-009-09292.40 ppb
2015-10-089588-014-12361.80 ppb
2015-10-089588-016-1035ND
2016-01-149588-007-10471.60 ppb
2016-01-149588-008-10292.80 ppb
2016-01-149588-009-11002.10 ppb
2016-01-149588-014-12172.30 ppb
2016-01-149588-016-1008ND
2016-04-149588-007-11211.50 ppb
2016-04-149588-009-11012.10 ppb
2016-04-149588-014-12412.20 ppb
2016-04-149588-016-1026ND
2016-06-099588-008-09452.80 ppb
2016-07-149588-007-09401.10 ppb
2016-07-149588-008-09342.30 ppb
2016-07-149588-009-09221.90 ppb
2016-07-149588-014-11562.20 ppb
2016-07-149588-016-1111ND
2016-10-139588-007-10131.40 ppb
2016-10-139588-008-10502.50 ppb
2016-10-139588-009-09571.90 ppb
2016-10-139588-014-11162.20 ppb
2016-10-139588-016-0928ND
2017-01-129588-007-10571.10 ppb
2017-01-129588-008-11062.20 ppb
2017-01-129588-009-10501.90 ppb
2017-01-129588-014-11222.00 ppb
2017-01-129588-016-1020ND
2017-04-129588-007-11161.20 ppb
2017-04-129588-008-11222.40 ppb
2017-04-129588-009-11041.90 ppb
2017-04-129588-014-12222.20 ppb
2017-04-129588-016-1032ND
2017-07-129588-007-10501.40 ppb
2017-07-129588-008-10582.30 ppb
2017-07-129588-009-10402.20 ppb
2017-07-129588-014-11192.20 ppb
2017-07-129588-016-1008ND
2017-10-119588-007-10351.20 ppb
2017-10-119588-008-10222.20 ppb
2017-10-119588-009-11012.20 ppb
2017-10-119588-014-11462.00 ppb
2017-10-119588-016-1224ND
2018-01-109588-014-11092.10 ppb
2018-01-109588-016-1039ND
2018-03-299588-007-0908ND
2018-03-299588-008-09231.80 ppb
2018-03-299588-009-08571.90 ppb
2018-04-259588-007-1004ND
2018-04-259588-008-10201.80 ppb
2018-04-259588-009-09401.90 ppb
2018-04-259588-014-11581.90 ppb
2018-04-259588-016-1110ND
2018-07-239588-007-10151.10 ppb
2018-07-239588-008-10301.90 ppb
2018-07-239588-009-10451.80 ppb
2018-07-239588-014-11072.20 ppb
2018-07-239588-016-0950ND
2018-10-179588-007-09351.20 ppb
2018-10-179588-008-09452.00 ppb
2018-10-179588-009-10052.10 ppb
2018-10-179588-014-10281.90 ppb
2018-10-179588-016-1120ND
2019-01-169588-007-09511.70 ppb
2019-01-169588-008-09562.70 ppb
2019-01-169588-009-09202.50 ppb
2019-01-169588-014-08461.80 ppb
2019-01-169588-016-1024ND
2019-04-109588-007-10051.10 ppb
2019-04-109588-009-11451.60 ppb
2019-04-109588-014-09351.70 ppb
2019-04-109588-016-1040ND
2019-07-109588-007-10011.20 ppb
2019-07-109588-009-10111.50 ppb
2019-07-109588-014-10341.80 ppb
2019-07-109588-016-1118ND
2019-08-149588-008-11102.10 ppb
2019-10-169588-007-10151.10 ppb
2019-10-169588-008-09151.90 ppb
2019-10-169588-009-09501.80 ppb
2019-10-169588-014-12002.00 ppb
2019-10-169588-016-1055ND
2019-11-209588-008-10452.00 ppb
2019-12-309588-008-11541.80 ppb