Fluoride
Calico Rock
Fluoride occurs naturally in surface and groundwater and is also added to drinking water by many water systems. Read More.
Fluoride has been promoted as a chemical that reduces dental cavities. Yet it is now well-established that fluoride primarily exerts its protective effects through topical mechanisms, such as sodium fluoride in toothpaste and mouthwash. In contrast, long-term ingestion of fluoride in water increases dental fluorosis, which includes mottling, pitting and weakening of the teeth. EPA's maximum legal limit is set at 4 parts per million (ppm) to prevent skeletal fluorosis, a condition where bones become brittle and more susceptible to fractures, although these effects may occur at lower doses.
Even fluoride levels of 0.7 ppm, the amount of fluoride in drinking water recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service, can result in too much fluoride for bottle-fed babies. EWG recommends that caregivers mix baby formula with fluoride-free water. The National Toxicology Program is investigating the potential for low doses of fluoride to alter thyroid function and childhood brain development.
333
Samples
0
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
0
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.825 ppm | 55 | 55 | 0.570 ppm - 2.13 ppm |
| 2015 | 0.952 ppm | 56 | 55 | ND - 1.91 ppm |
| 2016 | 0.907 ppm | 56 | 54 | ND - 1.67 ppm |
| 2017 | 0.819 ppm | 56 | 54 | ND - 1.68 ppm |
| 2018 | 0.673 ppm | 57 | 53 | ND - 1.27 ppm |
| 2019 | 0.881 ppm | 53 | 52 | ND - 1.58 ppm |
ppm = parts per million
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 4 ppm
ppm = parts per million
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-01-14 | 140160015 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2014-01-14 | 140160016 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2014-01-14 | 140160014 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2014-01-14 | 140160017 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2014-01-27 | 140300068 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2014-02-11 | 140490027 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2014-02-11 | 140490026 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2014-02-11 | 140490025 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2014-02-11 | 140490024 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2014-03-11 | 140760031 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2014-03-11 | 140760029 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2014-03-11 | 140760030 | 0.660 ppm |
| 2014-04-08 | 141040027 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2014-04-08 | 141040026 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2014-04-08 | 141040029 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2014-04-08 | 141040028 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2014-05-13 | 141390020 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2014-05-13 | 141390019 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2014-05-13 | 141390022 | 0.590 ppm |
| 2014-05-13 | 141390021 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2014-05-27 | 141490018 | 0.600 ppm |
| 2014-06-10 | 141670034 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2014-06-10 | 141670038 | 0.610 ppm |
| 2014-06-10 | 141670026 | 0.570 ppm |
| 2014-06-10 | 141670033 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2014-07-14 | 142020018 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2014-07-14 | 142020017 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2014-07-14 | 142020019 | 0.980 ppm |
| 2014-07-14 | 142020020 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2014-08-12 | 142300011 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2014-08-12 | 142300009 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2014-08-12 | 142300010 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2014-08-12 | 142300012 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2014-08-25 | 142410013 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2014-08-25 | 142410012 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2014-08-25 | Y142390010 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2014-08-25 | Y142390011 | 2.13 ppm |
| 2014-09-09 | 142580004 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2014-09-09 | 142580003 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2014-09-09 | 142580001 | 1.03 ppm |
| 2014-09-09 | 142580002 | 1.03 ppm |
| 2014-10-14 | Y142890061 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2014-10-14 | Y142890062 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2014-10-14 | Y142890064 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2014-10-14 | Y142890063 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2014-10-14 | Y142890036 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2014-10-14 | Y142890037 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2014-11-12 | Y143210022 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2014-11-12 | Y143210019 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2014-11-12 | Y143210021 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2014-11-12 | Y143210020 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2014-12-09 | Y143520007 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2014-12-09 | Y143520009 | 0.990 ppm |
| 2014-12-09 | Y143490030 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2014-12-09 | Y143490029 | 1.13 ppm |
| 2015-01-13 | Y150200020 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2015-01-13 | Y150200019 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2015-01-13 | Y150200021 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2015-01-13 | Y150200018 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2015-01-13 | Y150200001 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2015-02-10 | Y150500011 | 1.01 ppm |
| 2015-02-10 | Y150500009 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2015-02-10 | Y150500010 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2015-02-10 | Y150500012 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2015-03-10 | Y150750009 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2015-03-10 | Y150750011 | 0.340 ppm |
| 2015-03-10 | Y150750010 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2015-03-10 | Y150750012 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2015-04-13 | Y151140011 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2015-04-14 | Y151140009 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2015-04-14 | Y151140001 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2015-04-14 | Y151140003 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2015-04-14 | Y151110030 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2015-05-12 | Y151340055 | 1.03 ppm |
| 2015-05-12 | Y151340054 | 1.01 ppm |
| 2015-05-12 | Y151340053 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | Y151610021 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | Y151610020 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | Y151610022 | 1.06 ppm |
| 2015-06-09 | Y151610023 | 1.19 ppm |
| 2015-07-14 | Y152020027 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2015-07-14 | Y152020001 | 0.500 ppm |
| 2015-07-14 | Y152020025 | 1.11 ppm |
| 2015-07-14 | Y152020028 | 1.74 ppm |
| 2015-07-14 | Y152020026 | 1.06 ppm |
| 2015-07-14 | Y152020002 | 1.91 ppm |
| 2015-08-11 | Y152260060 | 1.14 ppm |
| 2015-08-11 | Y152260058 | 1.08 ppm |
| 2015-08-11 | Y152260059 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2015-08-11 | Y152260030 | 1.000 ppm |
| 2015-08-19 | Y152320003 | 1.20 ppm |
| 2015-08-19 | Y152320002 | 1.25 ppm |
| 2015-08-19 | Y152320001 | ND |
| 2015-08-19 | Y152320004 | 0.650 ppm |
| 2015-09-08 | Y152580026 | 1.08 ppm |
| 2015-09-08 | Y152580016 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2015-09-08 | Y152580024 | 1.08 ppm |
| 2015-09-08 | Y152580017 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2015-10-13 | Y152890075 | 0.980 ppm |
| 2015-10-13 | Y152890077 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2015-10-13 | Y152890076 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2015-10-13 | Y152890078 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2015-10-14 | Y152890079 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2015-11-09 | Y153200005 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2015-11-09 | Y153200006 | 1.41 ppm |
| 2015-11-09 | Y153200007 | 1.09 ppm |
| 2015-11-09 | Y153200008 | 1.22 ppm |
| 2015-12-08 | Y153480037 | 0.990 ppm |
| 2015-12-08 | Y153480032 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2015-12-08 | Y153480038 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2015-12-08 | Y153480039 | 1.09 ppm |
| 2016-01-12 | Y160200002 | 1.17 ppm |
| 2016-01-12 | Y160200004 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2016-01-12 | Y160200003 | ND |
| 2016-01-12 | Y160200005 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2016-01-13 | Y160200019 | 1.67 ppm |
| 2016-02-09 | Y160470005 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2016-02-09 | Y160470007 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2016-02-09 | Y160470006 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2016-02-09 | Y160470008 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2016-03-08 | Y160740019 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2016-03-08 | Y160740020 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2016-03-08 | Y160740017 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2016-03-08 | Y160740018 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2016-04-12 | Y161060033 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2016-04-12 | Y161060037 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2016-04-12 | Y161060047 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2016-04-12 | Y161060035 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2016-04-12 | Y161060036 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2016-05-10 | Y161380013 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2016-05-10 | Y161380016 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2016-05-10 | Y161380014 | 1.000 ppm |
| 2016-05-10 | Y161380015 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2016-06-14 | Y161790016 | 1.000 ppm |
| 2016-06-14 | Y161790017 | 0.990 ppm |
| 2016-06-14 | Y161790014 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2016-06-14 | Y161790015 | 1.14 ppm |
| 2016-07-12 | Y162000002 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2016-07-12 | Y162000003 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2016-07-12 | Y162000013 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2016-07-12 | Y162000015 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2016-07-12 | Y162000014 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2016-07-12 | Y162000016 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2016-08-09 | Y162280025 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2016-08-09 | Y162280026 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2016-08-09 | Y162280031 | 0.960 ppm |
| 2016-08-09 | Y162280032 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2016-08-30 | Y162450007 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2016-09-13 | Y162640057 | 1.22 ppm |
| 2016-09-13 | Y162640058 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2016-09-13 | Y162640052 | 1.16 ppm |
| 2016-09-13 | Y162640055 | 0.600 ppm |
| 2016-09-26 | Y162730003 | ND |
| 2016-10-11 | Y162880036 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2016-10-11 | Y162880101 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2016-10-11 | Y162880103 | 1.01 ppm |
| 2016-10-11 | Y162880051 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2016-10-11 | Y162880094 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2016-10-11 | Y162880097 | 1.08 ppm |
| 2016-11-07 | Y163140012 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2016-11-07 | Y163140015 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2016-11-07 | Y163140013 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2016-11-07 | Y163140014 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2016-12-13 | Y163500009 | 1.13 ppm |
| 2016-12-13 | Y163500014 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2016-12-13 | Y163500012 | 1.07 ppm |
| 2016-12-13 | Y163500019 | 1.04 ppm |
| 2017-01-10 | Y170110003 | 0.690 ppm |
| 2017-01-10 | Y170110004 | 1.07 ppm |
| 2017-01-10 | Y170110005 | 1.10 ppm |
| 2017-01-10 | Y170110006 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2017-01-10 | Y170130001 | 0.810 ppm |
| 2017-02-14 | Y170480009 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2017-02-14 | Y170480010 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2017-02-14 | Y170480007 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2017-02-14 | Y170480008 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2017-03-14 | Y170790006 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2017-03-14 | Y170790007 | 0.630 ppm |
| 2017-03-14 | Y170790004 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2017-03-14 | Y170790005 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2017-04-11 | Y171070033 | 0.980 ppm |
| 2017-04-18 | Y171140020 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2017-04-18 | Y171140021 | 0.880 ppm |
| 2017-04-18 | Y171140018 | 1.44 ppm |
| 2017-04-18 | Y171140019 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2017-05-09 | Y171350052 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2017-05-09 | Y171350053 | 1.000 ppm |
| 2017-05-09 | Y171350050 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2017-05-09 | Y171350051 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2017-06-06 | Y171630032 | ND |
| 2017-06-06 | Y171630042 | 0.330 ppm |
| 2017-06-06 | Y171630029 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2017-06-06 | Y171630031 | 0.870 ppm |
| 2017-07-11 | Y171980026 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2017-07-11 | Y171980027 | 1.68 ppm |
| 2017-07-11 | Y171980056 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2017-07-11 | Y171980057 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2017-07-11 | Y171980028 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2017-07-11 | Y171980029 | 1.31 ppm |
| 2017-08-08 | Y172260039 | 1.000 ppm |
| 2017-08-08 | Y172260040 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2017-08-08 | Y172260036 | 0.760 ppm |
| 2017-08-08 | Y172260038 | 1.01 ppm |
| 2017-08-15 | Y172290006 | ND |
| 2017-08-15 | Y172290007 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2017-09-05 | Y172540003 | 1.08 ppm |
| 2017-09-05 | Y172540004 | 1.13 ppm |
| 2017-09-05 | Y172540005 | 1.25 ppm |
| 2017-09-05 | Y172540006 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2017-10-10 | Y172890012 | 0.380 ppm |
| 2017-10-10 | Y172890011 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2017-10-10 | Y172890013 | 0.390 ppm |
| 2017-10-10 | Y172890025 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2017-10-10 | Y172890014 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2017-10-10 | Y172890024 | 0.740 ppm |
| 2017-11-07 | Y173170014 | 0.510 ppm |
| 2017-11-07 | Y173170015 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2017-11-07 | Y173170012 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2017-11-07 | Y173170013 | 0.400 ppm |
| 2017-12-05 | Y173450027 | 0.510 ppm |
| 2017-12-05 | Y173450028 | 0.480 ppm |
| 2017-12-05 | Y173450029 | 0.550 ppm |
| 2017-12-05 | Y173450030 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2018-01-09 | Y180180032 | 0.200 ppm |
| 2018-01-09 | Y180180033 | 0.920 ppm |
| 2018-01-09 | Y180180030 | 0.440 ppm |
| 2018-01-09 | Y180180031 | 0.360 ppm |
| 2018-01-30 | Y180360003 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2018-02-13 | Y180530009 | 0.410 ppm |
| 2018-02-13 | Y180530007 | 0.570 ppm |
| 2018-02-13 | Y180530006 | 0.360 ppm |
| 2018-02-13 | Y180530008 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2018-03-14 | Y180780024 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2018-03-14 | Y180780026 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2018-03-14 | Y180780025 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2018-03-14 | Y180780027 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2018-04-10 | Y181070010 | 0.580 ppm |
| 2018-04-10 | Y181070007 | 0.660 ppm |
| 2018-04-10 | Y181070008 | 0.790 ppm |
| 2018-04-10 | Y181070009 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2018-04-11 | Y181070002 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2018-05-15 | Y181410016 | 0.660 ppm |
| 2018-05-15 | Y181410014 | 0.440 ppm |
| 2018-05-15 | Y181410015 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2018-05-15 | Y181410017 | 0.590 ppm |
| 2018-06-12 | Y181690012 | 1.27 ppm |
| 2018-06-12 | Y181690011 | 0.630 ppm |
| 2018-06-12 | Y181690010 | 0.560 ppm |
| 2018-06-12 | Y181690013 | 1.12 ppm |
| 2018-07-09 | Y181970012 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2018-07-09 | Y181970010 | 1.03 ppm |
| 2018-07-09 | Y181970011 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2018-07-09 | Y181970009 | 0.250 ppm |
| 2018-07-10 | Y181970050 | ND |
| 2018-07-10 | Y181970051 | ND |
| 2018-08-13 | Y182320018 | 1.03 ppm |
| 2018-08-13 | Y182320016 | 0.260 ppm |
| 2018-08-13 | Y182320017 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2018-09-10 | Y182610007 | 0.510 ppm |
| 2018-09-10 | Y182610008 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2018-09-10 | Y182610010 | 0.980 ppm |
| 2018-09-10 | Y182610009 | 1.04 ppm |
| 2018-09-12 | Y182560026 | ND |
| 2018-09-12 | Y182560028 | 0.750 ppm |
| 2018-09-12 | Y182560025 | 0.430 ppm |
| 2018-09-12 | Y182560027 | 1.14 ppm |
| 2018-10-09 | Y182890026 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2018-10-09 | Y182890006 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2018-10-09 | Y182890005 | 0.560 ppm |
| 2018-10-09 | Y182890023 | 0.490 ppm |
| 2018-10-09 | Y182890025 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2018-10-09 | Y182890024 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2018-11-13 | Y183240011 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2018-11-13 | Y183240013 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2018-11-13 | Y183240012 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2018-11-13 | Y183240014 | ND |
| 2018-12-10 | Y183510009 | 0.680 ppm |
| 2018-12-10 | Y183510010 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2018-12-10 | Y183510011 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2018-12-10 | Y183510012 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2019-01-09 | Y190140043 | 1.05 ppm |
| 2019-01-09 | Y190140044 | 1.06 ppm |
| 2019-01-09 | Y190140041 | 0.950 ppm |
| 2019-01-09 | Y190140042 | 1.05 ppm |
| 2019-01-15 | Y190220014 | 0.730 ppm |
| 2019-02-04 | Y190420005 | 1.12 ppm |
| 2019-02-04 | Y190420003 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2019-02-04 | Y190420006 | 1.11 ppm |
| 2019-02-04 | Y190420004 | 1.02 ppm |
| 2019-03-05 | Y190700019 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2019-03-05 | Y190700020 | 1.10 ppm |
| 2019-03-05 | Y190700017 | ND |
| 2019-03-05 | Y190700018 | 1.14 ppm |
| 2019-04-08 | Y191050014 | 1.05 ppm |
| 2019-04-08 | Y191050015 | 0.640 ppm |
| 2019-04-08 | Y191050016 | 0.860 ppm |
| 2019-04-08 | Y191050013 | 0.650 ppm |
| 2019-04-09 | Y191050026 | 0.630 ppm |
| 2019-05-13 | Y191400022 | 1.03 ppm |
| 2019-05-13 | Y191400024 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2019-05-13 | Y191400023 | 0.710 ppm |
| 2019-05-13 | Y191400021 | 0.930 ppm |
| 2019-06-12 | Y191680011 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2019-06-12 | Y191680010 | 1.09 ppm |
| 2019-06-12 | Y191680012 | 1.08 ppm |
| 2019-06-12 | Y191680009 | 0.910 ppm |
| 2019-07-08 | Y191960024 | 0.850 ppm |
| 2019-07-08 | Y191960025 | 1.15 ppm |
| 2019-07-08 | Y191960027 | 1.58 ppm |
| 2019-07-08 | Y191960026 | 0.940 ppm |
| 2019-08-12 | Y192250048 | 0.650 ppm |
| 2019-08-12 | Y192250047 | 0.890 ppm |
| 2019-08-12 | Y192250050 | 1.18 ppm |
| 2019-08-12 | Y192250051 | 0.450 ppm |
| 2019-08-26 | Y192410001 | 0.700 ppm |
| 2019-08-26 | Y192410002 | 0.340 ppm |
| 2019-09-09 | Y192530023 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2019-09-09 | Y192530026 | 1.08 ppm |
| 2019-09-09 | Y192530025 | 0.900 ppm |
| 2019-09-09 | Y192530024 | 0.970 ppm |
| 2019-10-07 | Y192880042 | 0.830 ppm |
| 2019-10-07 | Y192880043 | 0.630 ppm |
| 2019-10-07 | Y192880044 | 0.840 ppm |
| 2019-10-07 | Y192880041 | 1.04 ppm |
| 2019-10-08 | Y192880020 | 0.800 ppm |
| 2019-11-04 | Y193180009 | 0.770 ppm |
| 2019-11-04 | Y193180006 | 0.820 ppm |
| 2019-11-04 | Y193180008 | 0.600 ppm |
| 2019-11-04 | Y193180007 | 0.670 ppm |
| 2019-12-09 | Y193470017 | 0.780 ppm |
| 2019-12-09 | Y193470020 | 1.09 ppm |
| 2019-12-09 | Y193470018 | 0.720 ppm |
| 2019-12-09 | Y193470019 | 0.960 ppm |