1,4-Dioxane
Brookfield Water Utility
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.0851 ppb | 17 | 4 | ND - 0.683 ppb |
| 2015 | 0.0636 ppb | 17 | 4 | ND - 0.645 ppb |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-08-12 | 810200-12121 | ND |
| 2014-08-12 | 810163-12121 | ND |
| 2014-08-12 | 810132-12121 | ND |
| 2014-08-12 | 810159-12121 | ND |
| 2014-08-12 | 810167-12121 | ND |
| 2014-08-12 | 810136-12121 | 0.0702 ppb |
| 2014-08-12 | 810155-12121 | ND |
| 2014-08-12 | 810141-12121 | 0.307 ppb |
| 2014-08-12 | 810171-12121 | ND |
| 2014-08-13 | 810466-12152 | 0.386 ppb |
| 2014-08-13 | 810492-12152 | ND |
| 2014-08-13 | 810462-12152 | ND |
| 2014-08-13 | 810488-12152 | ND |
| 2014-08-13 | 810500-12152 | ND |
| 2014-08-13 | 810470-12152 | ND |
| 2014-08-13 | 810474-12152 | 0.683 ppb |
| 2014-08-13 | 810484-12152 | ND |
| 2015-02-24 | 844991-13527 | 0.645 ppb |
| 2015-02-24 | 844980-13527 | 0.176 ppb |
| 2015-02-24 | 844987-13527 | ND |
| 2015-02-24 | 845001-13569 | 0.0802 ppb |
| 2015-02-24 | 844989-13527 | ND |
| 2015-02-24 | 844999-13569 | ND |
| 2015-02-24 | 845005-13569 | ND |
| 2015-02-24 | 844995-13569 | ND |
| 2015-02-24 | 844993-13569 | ND |
| 2015-02-24 | 845003-13569 | ND |
| 2015-02-24 | 845007-13569 | ND |
| 2015-02-24 | 844984-13527 | ND |
| 2015-02-24 | 844982-13527 | 0.179 ppb |
| 2015-02-24 | 844997-13569 | ND |
| 2015-02-25 | 845357-13611 | ND |
| 2015-02-25 | 845355-13611 | ND |
| 2015-03-18 | 849367-13733 | ND |