1,4-Dioxane
Town of Hempstead Water Department
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 1.25 ppb | 29 | 25 | ND - 10.00 ppb |
| 2015 | 1.60 ppb | 1 | 1 | 1.60 ppb |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2018 | 0.299 ppb | 13 | 8 | ND - 1.20 ppb |
| 2019 | 0.388 ppb | 14 | 12 | ND - 0.910 ppb |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-06-09 | 04756 062014 | 0.120 ppb |
| 2014-06-09 | 08474 062014 | 2.60 ppb |
| 2014-06-09 | 08956 062014 | 5.00 ppb |
| 2014-06-10 | 03456 062014 | 0.970 ppb |
| 2014-06-10 | 07957 062014 | 0.150 ppb |
| 2014-06-10 | 09846 062014 | 0.220 ppb |
| 2014-06-11 | 05302 062014 | ND |
| 2014-06-11 | 09521 062014 | 0.870 ppb |
| 2014-06-11 | 12560 062014 | 0.220 ppb |
| 2014-06-12 | 08321 062014 | 2.90 ppb |
| 2014-06-12 | 05322 062014 | 0.220 ppb |
| 2014-06-12 | 07797 062014 | 0.640 ppb |
| 2014-06-18 | 08279 062014 | 0.980 ppb |
| 2014-06-30 | 05318 062014 | 0.540 ppb |
| 2014-06-30 | 05304 062014 | ND |
| 2014-12-08 | 08956 1212014 | 10.00 ppb |
| 2014-12-08 | 04756 122014 | 0.0910 ppb |
| 2014-12-08 | 05302 122014 | ND |
| 2014-12-09 | 07797 122014 | 1.10 ppb |
| 2014-12-09 | 05318 122014 | 0.480 ppb |
| 2014-12-09 | 05322 122014 | 0.230 ppb |
| 2014-12-10 | 08474 122014 | 2.30 ppb |
| 2014-12-10 | 08279 122014 | 1.10 ppb |
| 2014-12-10 | 03456 122014 | 0.650 ppb |
| 2014-12-10 | 05304 122014 | ND |
| 2014-12-11 | 12560 122014 | 0.340 ppb |
| 2014-12-11 | 09521 122014 | 0.750 ppb |
| 2014-12-22 | 08321 122014 | 3.50 ppb |
| 2014-12-22 | 09846 122014 | 0.320 ppb |
| 2015-07-27 | 07957 52015 | 1.60 ppb |
| 2018-01-11 | 7040219001-POC | ND |
| 2018-01-16 | 7040464001-POC | ND |
| 2018-03-13 | 7045191003 | 0.250 ppb |
| 2018-03-13 | 7045191002 | ND |
| 2018-03-13 | 7045191001 | 0.150 ppb |
| 2018-03-28 | 7046485006 | 0.870 ppb |
| 2018-03-28 | 7046485005 | 0.110 ppb |
| 2018-03-28 | 7046485004 | 0.480 ppb |
| 2018-03-28 | 7046485003 | 0.460 ppb |
| 2018-04-11 | 7048089005 | 0.370 ppb |
| 2018-05-11 | 7051444001-POC | ND |
| 2018-07-20 | 7058919004 | 1.20 ppb |
| 2018-10-30 | 7069423004 | ND |
| 2019-01-11 | 7076366001 | 0.610 ppb |
| 2019-01-11 | 7076366002 | 0.400 ppb |
| 2019-01-11 | 7076366004 | ND |
| 2019-01-11 | 7076366003 | 0.0690 ppb |
| 2019-01-11 | 7076366005 | 0.250 ppb |
| 2019-01-24 | 7077507001 | 0.340 ppb |
| 2019-01-24 | 7077507004 | 0.380 ppb |
| 2019-01-24 | 7077507002 | 0.910 ppb |
| 2019-04-19 | 7086593003 | ND |
| 2019-06-13 | 7093544002 | 0.280 ppb |
| 2019-06-13 | 7093544001 | 0.910 ppb |
| 2019-07-19 | 7098234005 | 0.160 ppb |
| 2019-08-09 | 70100747001 | 0.670 ppb |
| 2019-08-09 | 70100747002 | 0.450 ppb |