1,4-Dioxane
City of Modesto
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 0.00880 ppb | 96 | 8 | ND - 0.170 ppb |
| 2014 | ND | 8 | 0 | ND |
| 2015 | ND | 8 | 0 | ND |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2013-05-02 | B3E0370-07 | ND |
| 2013-05-02 | B3E0370-03 | ND |
| 2013-05-02 | B3E0370-11 | 0.0880 ppb |
| 2013-05-02 | B3E0370-13 | ND |
| 2013-05-02 | B3E0370-09 | ND |
| 2013-05-02 | B3E0370-17 | ND |
| 2013-05-02 | B3E0370-05 | ND |
| 2013-05-02 | B3E0370-15 | ND |
| 2013-05-02 | B3E0370-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-06 | B3E0671-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-06 | B3E0663-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-06 | B3E0675-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-06 | B3E0669-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-06 | B3E0667-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-06 | B3E0673-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-07 | B3E0839-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-07 | B3E0842-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-07 | B3E0833-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-07 | B3E0835-01 | 0.120 ppb |
| 2013-05-07 | B3E0844-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-13 | B3E1467-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-13 | B3E1460-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-13 | B3E1464-01 | 0.0770 ppb |
| 2013-05-13 | B3E1474-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-13 | B3E1471-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-14 | B3E1627-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-14 | B3E1626-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-14 | B3E1633-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-14 | B3E1631-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-14 | B3E1625-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-20 | B3E2252-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-20 | B3E2243-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-20 | B3E2247-01 | 0.0800 ppb |
| 2013-05-20 | B3E2240-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-20 | B3E2236-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-20 | B3E2238-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-21 | B3E2397-01 | 0.0800 ppb |
| 2013-05-21 | B3E2385-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-28 | B3E3171-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-28 | B3E3170-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-29 | B3E3219-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-29 | B3E3221-01 | 0.170 ppb |
| 2013-05-29 | B3E3304-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-29 | B3E3226-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-29 | B3E3224-01 | ND |
| 2013-05-30 | B3E3364-01 | ND |
| 2013-06-10 | B3F1036-01 | ND |
| 2013-06-10 | B3F1043-01 | ND |
| 2013-08-08 | A3G2387-01A | ND |
| 2013-08-08 | A3G2387-17A | ND |
| 2013-08-08 | A3G2387-13A | ND |
| 2013-08-08 | A3G2387-09A | ND |
| 2013-08-08 | A3G2387-05A | ND |
| 2013-08-08 | A3G2390-01A | ND |
| 2013-08-08 | A3G2387-25A | ND |
| 2013-08-08 | A3G2387-21A | ND |
| 2013-11-08 | A3J2280-13A | ND |
| 2013-11-08 | A3J2280-05A | ND |
| 2013-11-08 | A3J2280-25A | ND |
| 2013-11-08 | A3J2280-09A | ND |
| 2013-11-08 | A3J2280-21A | ND |
| 2013-11-08 | A3J2280-17A | ND |
| 2013-11-08 | A3J2280-29A | ND |
| 2013-11-08 | A3J2280-01A | ND |
| 2013-11-14 | A3K0161-25A | ND |
| 2013-11-14 | A3K0161-13A | ND |
| 2013-11-14 | A3K0161-01A | ND |
| 2013-11-14 | A3K0161-17A | ND |
| 2013-11-14 | A3K0161-09A | ND |
| 2013-11-14 | A3K0161-05A | ND |
| 2013-11-14 | A3K0161-29A | ND |
| 2013-11-14 | A3K0161-21A | ND |
| 2013-11-14 | A3K0161-33A | 0.130 ppb |
| 2013-11-15 | A3K0220-21A | ND |
| 2013-11-15 | A3K0220-17A | ND |
| 2013-11-15 | A3K0220-09A | ND |
| 2013-11-15 | A3K0220-05A | ND |
| 2013-11-15 | A3K0220-25A | ND |
| 2013-11-15 | A3K0220-33A | ND |
| 2013-11-15 | A3K0220-01A | ND |
| 2013-11-15 | A3K0220-13A | ND |
| 2013-11-21 | A3K0757-19A | ND |
| 2013-11-21 | A3K0757-15A | ND |
| 2013-11-21 | A3K0757-03A | ND |
| 2013-11-21 | A3K0757-07A | ND |
| 2013-11-21 | A3K0757-23A | ND |
| 2013-11-21 | A3K0757-27A | ND |
| 2013-11-22 | A3K1031-01A | ND |
| 2013-11-22 | A3K0795-23A | ND |
| 2013-11-22 | A3K0795-05A | ND |
| 2013-11-22 | A3K0795-27A | 0.1000 ppb |
| 2013-11-22 | A3K1211-01A | ND |
| 2013-11-22 | A3K0795-13A | ND |
| 2013-11-22 | A3K0795-09A | ND |
| 2013-11-22 | A3K0795-31A | ND |
| 2013-11-26 | A3K1679-01A | ND |
| 2014-02-06 | A4A1431-01A | ND |
| 2014-02-06 | A4A1431-16A | ND |
| 2014-02-06 | A4A1431-09A | ND |
| 2014-02-06 | A4A1431-13A | ND |
| 2014-02-06 | A4A1431-05A | ND |
| 2014-02-06 | A4A1431-34A | ND |
| 2014-02-06 | A4A1431-20A | ND |
| 2014-02-06 | A4A1431-24A | ND |
| 2015-06-11 | A5F0561-02A | ND |
| 2015-06-11 | A5F0560-03A | ND |
| 2015-06-11 | A5F0560-02A | ND |
| 2015-06-11 | A5F0560-01A | ND |
| 2015-06-11 | A5F0561-01A | ND |
| 2015-06-11 | A5F0560-05A | ND |
| 2015-06-11 | A5F0560-04A | ND |
| 2015-06-11 | A5F0560-06A | ND |