1,4-Dioxane
Commerce-city, Water Department
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | ND | 8 | 0 | ND |
| 2015 | 0.138 ppb | 8 | 1 | ND - 1.10 ppb |
| 2016 | ND | 7 | 0 | ND |
| 2017 | ND | 6 | 0 | ND |
| 2018 | ND | 8 | 0 | ND |
| 2019 | ND | 8 | 0 | ND |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-02-04 | 9590-005-0930 | ND |
| 2014-03-10 | 9590-008-1245 | ND |
| 2014-05-12 | 9590-005-0905 | ND |
| 2014-06-09 | 9590-008-1028 | ND |
| 2014-08-12 | 9590-005-0855 | ND |
| 2014-09-08 | 9590-008-0930 | ND |
| 2014-11-03 | 9590-005-1022 | ND |
| 2014-12-15 | 9590-008-0905 | ND |
| 2015-02-03 | 9590-005-0925 | ND |
| 2015-03-03 | 9590-008-1003 | 1.10 ppb |
| 2015-05-11 | 9590-005-0923 | ND |
| 2015-06-01 | 9590-008-1123 | ND |
| 2015-08-03 | 9590-005-0942 | ND |
| 2015-09-14 | 9590-008-1121 | ND |
| 2015-11-09 | 9590-005-0949 | ND |
| 2015-12-09 | 9590-008-1538 | ND |
| 2016-02-10 | 9590-005-0916 | ND |
| 2016-03-14 | 9590-008-0940 | ND |
| 2016-05-09 | 9590-005-1228 | ND |
| 2016-08-15 | 9590-005-1139 | ND |
| 2016-09-26 | 9590-008-1142 | ND |
| 2016-11-14 | 9590-005-1043 | ND |
| 2016-12-12 | 9590-008-1058 | ND |
| 2017-02-09 | 9590-005-1140 | ND |
| 2017-03-20 | 9590-008-0958 | ND |
| 2017-05-02 | 9590-005-0919 | ND |
| 2017-09-18 | 9590-008-1132 | ND |
| 2017-11-20 | 9590-005-1002 | ND |
| 2017-12-11 | 9590-008-1003 | ND |
| 2018-02-12 | 9590-005-0959 | ND |
| 2018-03-12 | 9590-008-1137 | ND |
| 2018-05-14 | 9590-005-0920 | ND |
| 2018-06-11 | 9590-008-0928 | ND |
| 2018-08-20 | 9590-005-0901 | ND |
| 2018-09-10 | 9590-008-1135 | ND |
| 2018-11-19 | 9590-005-1030 | ND |
| 2018-12-03 | 9590-008-1125 | ND |
| 2019-02-19 | 9590-005-0946 | ND |
| 2019-03-18 | 9590-008-0932 | ND |
| 2019-05-06 | 9590-005-0951 | ND |
| 2019-06-10 | 9590-008-1014 | ND |
| 2019-08-19 | 9590-005-0900 | ND |
| 2019-09-16 | 9590-008-1015 | ND |
| 2019-11-18 | 9590-005-0847 | ND |
| 2019-12-09 | 9590-008-0928 | ND |