Fluoride
Waipahu-Ewa-Waianae
Fluoride occurs naturally in surface and groundwater and is also added to drinking water by many water systems. Read More.
Fluoride has been promoted as a chemical that reduces dental cavities. Yet it is now well-established that fluoride primarily exerts its protective effects through topical mechanisms, such as sodium fluoride in toothpaste and mouthwash. In contrast, long-term ingestion of fluoride in water increases dental fluorosis, which includes mottling, pitting and weakening of the teeth. EPA's maximum legal limit is set at 4 parts per million (ppm) to prevent skeletal fluorosis, a condition where bones become brittle and more susceptible to fractures, although these effects may occur at lower doses.
Even fluoride levels of 0.7 ppm, the amount of fluoride in drinking water recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service, can result in too much fluoride for bottle-fed babies. EWG recommends that caregivers mix baby formula with fluoride-free water. The National Toxicology Program is investigating the potential for low doses of fluoride to alter thyroid function and childhood brain development.
241
Samples
0
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
0
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2014 | 0.168 ppm | 38 | 38 | 0.0860 ppm - 0.260 ppm |
| 2015 | 0.160 ppm | 38 | 38 | 0.0800 ppm - 0.240 ppm |
| 2016 | 0.177 ppm | 42 | 42 | 0.0790 ppm - 0.250 ppm |
| 2017 | 0.188 ppm | 43 | 43 | 0.0760 ppm - 0.280 ppm |
| 2018 | 0.179 ppm | 42 | 42 | 0.0550 ppm - 0.250 ppm |
| 2019 | 0.177 ppm | 38 | 38 | 0.0910 ppm - 0.240 ppm |
ppm = parts per million
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 4 ppm
ppm = parts per million
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-01-14 | 201401150665 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2014-01-15 | 201401160422 | 0.250 ppm |
| 2014-01-15 | 201401170496 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2014-01-15 | 201401170497 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2014-01-20 | 201401210130 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2014-01-20 | 201401210131 | 0.120 ppm |
| 2014-01-20 | 201401210132 | 0.0940 ppm |
| 2014-01-20 | 201401210133 | 0.140 ppm |
| 2014-01-21 | 201401230462 | 0.200 ppm |
| 2014-01-21 | 201401230464 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2014-01-21 | 201401230465 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2014-01-22 | 201401240241 | 0.0860 ppm |
| 2014-01-23 | 201401240142 | 0.160 ppm |
| 2014-01-23 | 201401270017 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2014-01-27 | 201401280408 | 0.160 ppm |
| 2014-01-27 | 201401280414 | 0.180 ppm |
| 2014-01-27 | 201401280415 | 0.170 ppm |
| 2014-01-27 | 201401280416 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2014-01-27 | 201401280417 | 0.240 ppm |
| 2014-01-27 | 201401280434 | 0.1000 ppm |
| 2014-01-29 | 201401310163 | 0.0900 ppm |
| 2014-01-30 | 201402010004 | 0.0860 ppm |
| 2014-02-18 | 201402200354 | 0.210 ppm |
| 2014-03-06 | 201403100107 | 0.200 ppm |
| 2014-04-10 | 201404120288 | 0.160 ppm |
| 2014-04-10 | 201404120289 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2014-04-10 | 201404120290 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2014-04-10 | 201404120291 | 0.240 ppm |
| 2014-04-10 | 201404120297 | 0.200 ppm |
| 2014-07-17 | 201407180279 | 0.170 ppm |
| 2014-07-17 | 201407180280 | 0.160 ppm |
| 2014-07-17 | 201407180281 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2014-07-17 | 201407180282 | 0.250 ppm |
| 2014-07-24 | 201407250227 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2014-07-24 | 201407280043 | 0.200 ppm |
| 2014-10-08 | 201410090462 | 0.170 ppm |
| 2014-10-08 | 201410090463 | 0.260 ppm |
| 2014-10-08 | 201410090464 | 0.160 ppm |
| 2015-01-14 | 201501150366 | 0.110 ppm |
| 2015-01-14 | 201501150367 | 0.140 ppm |
| 2015-01-15 | 201501160297 | 0.120 ppm |
| 2015-01-15 | 201501160298 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2015-01-21 | 201501220326 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2015-01-21 | 201501220328 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2015-01-21 | 201501220329 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2015-01-22 | 201501230402 | 0.140 ppm |
| 2015-01-22 | 201501230403 | 0.0990 ppm |
| 2015-01-22 | 201501230404 | 0.210 ppm |
| 2015-01-26 | 201501270094 | 0.0800 ppm |
| 2015-01-26 | 201501270095 | 0.210 ppm |
| 2015-01-26 | 201501270096 | 0.190 ppm |
| 2015-01-27 | 201501280451 | 0.0860 ppm |
| 2015-01-28 | 201501290129 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2015-01-28 | 201501290130 | 0.1000 ppm |
| 2015-02-03 | 201502040115 | 0.1000 ppm |
| 2015-02-03 | 201502040116 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2015-02-10 | 201502110403 | 0.210 ppm |
| 2015-02-10 | 201502110404 | 0.0830 ppm |
| 2015-03-09 | 201503100474 | 0.0960 ppm |
| 2015-03-31 | 201504020267 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2015-04-02 | 201504030207 | 0.160 ppm |
| 2015-04-02 | 201504030208 | 0.240 ppm |
| 2015-04-09 | 201504100170 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2015-05-11 | 201505130557 | 0.180 ppm |
| 2015-07-09 | 201507100121 | 0.170 ppm |
| 2015-07-09 | 201507100122 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2015-07-09 | 201507100123 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2015-07-14 | 201507150501 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2015-08-31 | 201509020193 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2015-08-31 | 201509020194 | 0.210 ppm |
| 2015-09-30 | 201510010226 | 0.180 ppm |
| 2015-10-08 | 201510090221 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2015-10-08 | 201510090222 | 0.140 ppm |
| 2015-12-22 | 201512230602 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2015-12-22 | 201512230603 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2015-12-29 | 201512300218 | 0.170 ppm |
| 2016-01-11 | 0.110 ppm | |
| 2016-01-11 | 0.0790 ppm | |
| 2016-01-11 | 0.130 ppm | |
| 2016-01-12 | 0.0860 ppm | |
| 2016-01-12 | 0.190 ppm | |
| 2016-01-12 | 0.0980 ppm | |
| 2016-01-13 | 0.0870 ppm | |
| 2016-01-13 | 0.120 ppm | |
| 2016-01-13 | 0.180 ppm | |
| 2016-01-14 | 0.170 ppm | |
| 2016-01-14 | 0.160 ppm | |
| 2016-01-14 | 0.170 ppm | |
| 2016-01-14 | 0.150 ppm | |
| 2016-01-14 | 0.110 ppm | |
| 2016-01-21 | 0.140 ppm | |
| 2016-01-25 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2016-01-25 | 0.120 ppm | |
| 2016-01-25 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2016-01-26 | 0.230 ppm | |
| 2016-01-26 | 0.240 ppm | |
| 2016-01-26 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2016-03-08 | 0.230 ppm | |
| 2016-04-07 | 0.240 ppm | |
| 2016-04-07 | 0.160 ppm | |
| 2016-04-14 | 0.230 ppm | |
| 2016-04-14 | 0.230 ppm | |
| 2016-04-14 | 0.150 ppm | |
| 2016-05-25 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2016-07-07 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2016-07-07 | 0.160 ppm | |
| 2016-07-07 | 0.140 ppm | |
| 2016-07-14 | 0.250 ppm | |
| 2016-07-14 | 0.240 ppm | |
| 2016-07-18 | 0.240 ppm | |
| 2016-10-05 | 0.230 ppm | |
| 2016-10-05 | 0.170 ppm | |
| 2016-10-06 | 0.230 ppm | |
| 2016-10-06 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2016-10-13 | 0.250 ppm | |
| 2016-10-13 | 0.140 ppm | |
| 2016-11-14 | 0.120 ppm | |
| 2016-12-14 | 0.140 ppm | |
| 2017-01-09 | 0.240 ppm | |
| 2017-01-10 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2017-01-10 | 0.0930 ppm | |
| 2017-01-10 | 0.0760 ppm | |
| 2017-01-11 | 0.190 ppm | |
| 2017-01-12 | 0.240 ppm | |
| 2017-01-24 | 0.190 ppm | |
| 2017-01-24 | 0.170 ppm | |
| 2017-01-24 | 0.160 ppm | |
| 2017-01-25 | 0.180 ppm | |
| 2017-01-25 | 0.150 ppm | |
| 2017-01-26 | 0.120 ppm | |
| 2017-02-02 | 0.170 ppm | |
| 2017-02-08 | 0.130 ppm | |
| 2017-02-13 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2017-02-13 | 0.120 ppm | |
| 2017-02-16 | 0.230 ppm | |
| 2017-02-16 | 0.230 ppm | |
| 2017-02-21 | 0.210 ppm | |
| 2017-02-22 | 0.140 ppm | |
| 2017-02-22 | 0.1000 ppm | |
| 2017-02-23 | 0.140 ppm | |
| 2017-02-27 | 0.0900 ppm | |
| 2017-03-14 | 0.180 ppm | |
| 2017-03-15 | 0.210 ppm | |
| 2017-04-19 | 0.260 ppm | |
| 2017-04-19 | 0.190 ppm | |
| 2017-04-24 | 0.250 ppm | |
| 2017-04-24 | 0.280 ppm | |
| 2017-04-25 | 0.180 ppm | |
| 2017-04-26 | 0.230 ppm | |
| 2017-07-06 | 0.230 ppm | |
| 2017-07-06 | 0.150 ppm | |
| 2017-07-20 | 0.180 ppm | |
| 2017-07-25 | 0.210 ppm | |
| 2017-07-25 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2017-07-26 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2017-10-25 | 0.250 ppm | |
| 2017-10-25 | 0.170 ppm | |
| 2017-10-25 | 0.150 ppm | |
| 2017-10-30 | 0.240 ppm | |
| 2017-10-30 | 0.220 ppm | |
| 2017-11-02 | 0.250 ppm | |
| 2018-01-18 | 201801190621 | 0.140 ppm |
| 2018-01-18 | 201801190622 | 0.110 ppm |
| 2018-01-18 | 201801190620 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2018-01-22 | 201712280247 | 0.120 ppm |
| 2018-01-22 | 201801230704 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2018-01-22 | 201712280246 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2018-01-22 | 201801230705 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2018-01-22 | 201801230703 | 0.0550 ppm |
| 2018-01-23 | 201801260057 | 0.0950 ppm |
| 2018-01-23 | 201801260056 | 0.1000 ppm |
| 2018-01-24 | 201712280233 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2018-01-24 | 201712280251 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2018-01-25 | 201712280229 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2018-01-25 | 201712280234 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2018-01-30 | 201801310816 | 0.120 ppm |
| 2018-01-30 | 201801310817 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2018-01-30 | 201802010055 | 0.250 ppm |
| 2018-01-31 | 201712280242 | 0.1000 ppm |
| 2018-01-31 | 201712280243 | 0.0960 ppm |
| 2018-02-06 | 201802080158 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2018-02-14 | 201712280241 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2018-04-12 | 201804160591 | 0.240 ppm |
| 2018-04-12 | 201804160589 | 0.170 ppm |
| 2018-04-16 | 201804170926 | 0.160 ppm |
| 2018-04-26 | 201804300502 | 0.250 ppm |
| 2018-04-30 | 201805010802 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2018-04-30 | 201805010801 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2018-08-13 | 201808140276 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2018-08-13 | 201808140275 | 0.170 ppm |
| 2018-08-14 | 201808160605 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2018-08-14 | 201808160604 | 0.250 ppm |
| 2018-08-15 | 201808200087 | 0.250 ppm |
| 2018-08-21 | 201808130257 | 0.140 ppm |
| 2018-09-18 | 201809190538 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2018-10-17 | 201810180496 | 0.190 ppm |
| 2018-10-18 | 201810190428 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2018-10-18 | 201810190427 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2018-10-30 | 201810310332 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2018-11-07 | 201811080804 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2018-11-07 | 201811080801 | 0.240 ppm |
| 2018-11-08 | 201811090580 | 0.240 ppm |
| 2018-12-04 | 201812050686 | 0.200 ppm |
| 2019-01-24 | 201901250058 | 0.180 ppm |
| 2019-01-24 | 201901250060 | 0.140 ppm |
| 2019-01-24 | 201901250061 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2019-01-24 | 201901250057 | 0.170 ppm |
| 2019-01-24 | 201901250059 | 0.180 ppm |
| 2019-01-28 | 201901290128 | 0.210 ppm |
| 2019-01-28 | 201901290129 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2019-01-28 | 201901290127 | 0.240 ppm |
| 2019-01-30 | 201901310262 | 0.200 ppm |
| 2019-01-30 | 201901310263 | 0.240 ppm |
| 2019-01-31 | 201902010248 | 0.110 ppm |
| 2019-01-31 | 201902010250 | 0.1000 ppm |
| 2019-01-31 | 201902010247 | 0.1000 ppm |
| 2019-01-31 | 201902010249 | 0.200 ppm |
| 2019-02-05 | 201902060812 | 0.130 ppm |
| 2019-02-05 | 201902060800 | 0.0980 ppm |
| 2019-02-05 | 201902060799 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2019-02-05 | 201902060813 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2019-02-07 | 201902080701 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2019-02-13 | 201902130365 | 0.190 ppm |
| 2019-02-28 | 201903010158 | 0.0910 ppm |
| 2019-04-04 | 201904050239 | 0.170 ppm |
| 2019-04-15 | 201904160218 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2019-04-15 | 201904160219 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2019-04-15 | 201904160220 | 0.150 ppm |
| 2019-04-17 | 201904180188 | 0.240 ppm |
| 2019-07-09 | 201907100455 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2019-07-09 | 201907100452 | 0.140 ppm |
| 2019-07-30 | 201907310316 | 0.180 ppm |
| 2019-08-19 | 201908200620 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2019-08-20 | 201906200207 | 0.160 ppm |
| 2019-09-10 | 201909110307 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2019-09-10 | 201909110323 | 0.210 ppm |
| 2019-10-10 | 201909170642 | 0.160 ppm |
| 2019-10-15 | 201909170648 | 0.220 ppm |
| 2019-10-15 | 201909170650 | 0.230 ppm |
| 2019-10-15 | 201909170643 | 0.140 ppm |
| 2019-10-22 | 201910230612 | 0.200 ppm |