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EWG's Tap Water Database — 2021 UPDATE

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2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)

Wailuku

Dioxins are contaminants released from chemical manufacturing, pulp and paper bleaching, and incineration of products that contain chlorine. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) is the most toxic chemical in the group of dioxins. Read More.

Dioxins are among the most toxic known environmental pollutants. As a class, dioxins are extremely toxic, persistent and bioaccumulative; these contaminants build up and are stored in fatty tissues and fluids, such as breast milk, and pass from the mother to the child. Most people are exposed to dioxins through the food they eat, primarily from meat, dairy, fish and eggs. In humans, dioxins are associated with cancer, birth defects, damage to the nervous and immune systems, altered metabolism, thyroid disruption, altered menstrual cycling and damage to the cardiovascular system.

 

48

Samples

0

Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)

0

Samples exceeding
health guidelines

Testing results - average by year

 
YearAverage resultSamples takenDetectionsRange of results
2014ND220ND
2015N/A00N/A
2016ND20ND
2017ND220ND
2018ND20ND
2019N/A00N/A

ppt = parts per trillion

State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines

EWG Health Guideline 0.0002 ppt

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.0002 ppt for 2,3,7,8-TCDD was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.

EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 0.03 ppt

ppt = parts per trillion

All test results

Date Lab ID Result
2014-02-24201402260746ND
2014-02-24201402260878ND
2014-02-24201402260912ND
2014-02-24201402260728ND
2014-02-25201402280114ND
2014-02-25201402280284ND
2014-02-25201402280305ND
2014-03-19201403210381ND
2014-03-19201403210383ND
2014-03-19201403210385ND
2014-03-27201403290120ND
2014-04-30201405020230ND
2014-04-30201405020320ND
2014-04-30201405020233ND
2014-04-30201405020232ND
2014-04-30201405020231ND
2014-04-30201405020229ND
2014-04-30201405020228ND
2014-04-30201405020227ND
2014-05-01201405030098ND
2014-05-01201405050005ND
2014-05-21201405230324ND
2016-09-12ND
2016-11-30ND
2017-01-31ND
2017-01-31ND
2017-01-31ND
2017-02-24ND
2017-02-24ND
2017-02-27ND
2017-02-27ND
2017-02-27ND
2017-05-19ND
2017-05-19ND
2017-08-30ND
2017-09-07ND
2017-09-07ND
2017-09-14ND
2017-09-14ND
2017-09-14ND
2017-09-14ND
2017-09-14ND
2017-09-14ND
2017-09-21ND
2017-10-25ND
2017-12-06ND
2018-01-30201801030999ND
2018-05-17201805180453ND