Menu
CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA (LIME) PEEL OIL
Score:
Data: None
- Other Concerns
- Functions
- About the Chemical
- Synonyms
-
Use restrictions (moderate), Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Ecotoxicology (low), and Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (high)
Cancer 
Cancer: Ingredients linked to cancer in government, industry or academic studies or assessments.
Developmental & Reproductive Toxicity
Developmental and reproductive toxicity: Ingredients linked to developmental and reproductive toxicity, a broad class of health effects that range from infertility and reproductive organ cancers to birth defects and developmental delays in children.
Allergies & Immunotoxicity
Allergies and immunotoxicity: Ingredients linked to harm to the immune system, a class of health problems that manifest as allergic reactions or an impaired capacity to fight disease and repair damaged tissue in the body.
Products with this Ingredient
| facial moisturizer/treatment | 12 products |
| facial cleanser | 6 products |
| recreational sunscreen | 4 products |
| conditioner | 4 products |
| anti-aging | 3 products |
| body wash/cleanser | 2 products |
| 2 products | |
| beard oil | 2 products |
| serums & essences | 2 products |
| liquid hand soap | 2 products |
| toners/astringents | 2 products |
| exfoliant/scrub | 2 products |
| hair treatment/serum | 2 products |
| shaving cream | 2 products |
| antiperspirant/deodorant | 1 products |
| beard care | 1 products |
| makeup remover | 1 products |
| makeup primer | 1 products |
| bath oil/salts/soak | 1 products |
| hand cream | 1 products |
| mask | 1 products |
| shampoo | 1 products |
| muscle/joint soreness | 1 products |
| after sun product | 1 products |
Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Irritating to skin | EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes 2015. Classification & Labelling (Skin Deep®). Appears as: listid: 601-029-00-7-61; Chemical_Name: DIPENTENE; Synonyms: limonene; [1] ; (R)-p-mentha-1,8-diene; ; d-limonene; [2] ; (S)-p-mentha-1,8-diene; ; l-limonene; [3] ; trans-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene; [4] ; (±)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene [5]; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
| Restrictions recommended due to presence of photoirritating components. | International Fragrance Association (IFRA) 2015. IFRA Codes & Standards. Appears as: listid: IFRA-223; Chemical_Name: Citrus oils and other furocoumarins-containing essential oils; ; ; Classification: Restricted |
Allergies/immunotoxicity
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Known human skin toxicant or allergen | EU Cosmetics Directive 2013. Opinion on Frangrance allergens in cosmetics (2011) |
| Human [[system]] toxicant or allergen - strong evidence | Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2018. Safer Chemical Ingredients List (2018-02-28). Appears as: CAS: 5989-27-5; List Name: d-Limonene; TSCA Chemical Name: CYCLOHEXENE, 1-METHYL-4-(1-METHYLETHENYL)-, (4R)- |
| Fragrance chemical, which is less frequently reported and thus less documented as a consumer allergen. | European Union 2015. Banned and Restricted Fragrances. Appears as: listid: EUFRAG-046; Chemical_Name: Limonene; Synonyms: d-Limonene; |
| May cause sensitization by skin contact | EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes 2015. Classification & Labelling (Skin Deep®). Appears as: listid: 601-029-00-7-61; Chemical_Name: DIPENTENE; Synonyms: limonene; [1] ; (R)-p-mentha-1,8-diene; ; d-limonene; [2] ; (S)-p-mentha-1,8-diene; ; l-limonene; [3] ; trans-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene; [4] ; (±)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene [5]; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
| May cause sensitization by skin contact, with allergic reaction in skin or lungs | US. National Library of Medicine,. 2015. Haz-Map®. Appears as: listid: HMAP-0695-1; Chemical_Name: d-Limonene; ; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
Use restrictions
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Fragrance subject to restrictions: safe only within recommended use or concentration limits | International Fragrance Association (IFRA) 2015. IFRA Codes & Standards. Appears as: listid: IFRA-087; Chemical_Name: Lime oil expressed; ; CAS: 8008-26-2; Classification: Restricted |
| Restricted in cosmetics - labeling requirement for allergens | EU Cosmetics Directive 2015. CosIng. Appears as: listid: COSING-27937; Chemical_Name: d-Limonene (CAS No 5989-27-5); ; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Persistent, bioaccumulative toxicant - Limited or emerging evidence in open scientific literature | Peer Reviewed Literature 2015. Emerging PBTs from peer-reviewed literature. Appears as: listid: PBT-PEER-038; Chemical_Name: CYCLOHEXENE, 1-METHYL-4-(1-METHYLETHENYL)-, (4R)-; ; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
| This chemical was NOT flagged by CEPA for further attention. Flagged for suspected aquatic toxicity. | Environment Canada 2015. Domestic Substance List. Appears as: listid: ECDSL-05949; Chemical_Name: Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (R)-; ; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
| This chemical was NOT flagged by CEPA for further attention. Flagged for suspected aquatic toxicity. | Environment Canada 2015. Domestic Substance List. Appears as: listid: ECDSL-05949; Chemical_Name: Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (R)-; ; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
Cancer
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Restrictions recommended due to presence of phototumorigenic components. | International Fragrance Association (IFRA) 2015. IFRA Codes & Standards. Appears as: listid: IFRA-223; Chemical_Name: Citrus oils and other furocoumarins-containing essential oils; ; ; Classification: Restricted |
| IARC Group 3 (no cancer link) | IARC 2015. IRAC Carcinogens (Skin Deep®). Appears as: listid: IARC-653; Chemical_Name: d-Limonene; ; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
Ecotoxicology
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Dangerous for the environment | EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes 2015. Classification & Labelling (Skin Deep®). Appears as: listid: 601-029-00-7-61; Chemical_Name: DIPENTENE; Synonyms: limonene; [1] ; (R)-p-mentha-1,8-diene; ; d-limonene; [2] ; (S)-p-mentha-1,8-diene; ; l-limonene; [3] ; trans-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene; [4] ; (±)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene [5]; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
| This chemical was NOT flagged by CEPA for further attention. Flagged for suspected aquatic toxicity. | Environment Canada 2015. Domestic Substance List. Appears as: listid: ECDSL-05949; Chemical_Name: Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (R)-; ; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
| This chemical was NOT flagged by CEPA for further attention. | Environment Canada 2015. Domestic Substance List. Appears as: listid: ECDSL-07010; Chemical_Name: Oils, lime; ; CAS: 8008-26-2 |
Developmental/reproductive toxicity
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Developmental toxicity (significant increase in the number of fetuses with skeletal abnormalities, including lumbar ribs, fused ribs, and delayed ossification of several bones in the paws) were observed in the animals administered 2363 mg/kg/day. | 1977 Studies on d-limonene as a gallstone solubilizer (VII) Effects on development of mouse fetuses and offsprings. Oyo Yakuri 13(6), 863-873. |
Miscellaneous
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Flammable | EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes 2015. Classification & Labelling (Skin Deep®). Appears as: listid: 601-029-00-7-61; Chemical_Name: DIPENTENE; Synonyms: limonene; [1] ; (R)-p-mentha-1,8-diene; ; d-limonene; [2] ; (S)-p-mentha-1,8-diene; ; l-limonene; [3] ; trans-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene; [4] ; (±)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene [5]; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
Multiple, additive exposure sources
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Fully up-to-date toxicology information has been sought. | US. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2015. Everything Added to Food. Appears as: listid: EAFUS-2301; Chemical_Name: LIME OIL, DISTILLED; ; CAS: 8008-26-2 |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| This chemical was NOT flagged by CEPA for further attention. Flagged for suspected aquatic toxicity. | Environment Canada 2015. Domestic Substance List. Appears as: listid: ECDSL-05949; Chemical_Name: Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (R)-; ; CAS: 5989-27-5 |
Data Sources
- EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes 2015. Classification & Labelling (Skin Deep®). Appears as: listid: 601-029-00-7-61; Chemical_Name: DIPENTENE; Synonyms: limonene; [1] ; (R)-p-mentha-1,8-diene; ; d-limonene; [2] ; (S)-p-mentha-1,8-diene; ; l-limonene; [3] ; trans-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene; [4] ; (±)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene [5]; CAS: 5989-27-5
- International Fragrance Association (IFRA) 2015. IFRA Codes & Standards. Appears as: listid: IFRA-223; Chemical_Name: Citrus oils and other furocoumarins-containing essential oils; ; ; Classification: Restricted
- EU Cosmetics Directive 2013. Opinion on Frangrance allergens in cosmetics (2011)
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2018. Safer Chemical Ingredients List (2018-02-28). Appears as: CAS: 5989-27-5; List Name: d-Limonene; TSCA Chemical Name: CYCLOHEXENE, 1-METHYL-4-(1-METHYLETHENYL)-, (4R)-
- European Union 2015. Banned and Restricted Fragrances. Appears as: listid: EUFRAG-046; Chemical_Name: Limonene; Synonyms: d-Limonene;
- US. National Library of Medicine,. 2015. Haz-Map®. Appears as: listid: HMAP-0695-1; Chemical_Name: d-Limonene; ; CAS: 5989-27-5
- International Fragrance Association (IFRA) 2015. IFRA Codes & Standards. Appears as: listid: IFRA-087; Chemical_Name: Lime oil expressed; ; CAS: 8008-26-2; Classification: Restricted
- EU Cosmetics Directive 2015. CosIng. Appears as: listid: COSING-27937; Chemical_Name: d-Limonene (CAS No 5989-27-5); ; CAS: 5989-27-5
- Peer Reviewed Literature 2015. Emerging PBTs from peer-reviewed literature. Appears as: listid: PBT-PEER-038; Chemical_Name: CYCLOHEXENE, 1-METHYL-4-(1-METHYLETHENYL)-, (4R)-; ; CAS: 5989-27-5
- Environment Canada 2015. Domestic Substance List. Appears as: listid: ECDSL-05949; Chemical_Name: Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (R)-; ; CAS: 5989-27-5
- IARC 2015. IRAC Carcinogens (Skin Deep®). Appears as: listid: IARC-653; Chemical_Name: d-Limonene; ; CAS: 5989-27-5
- Environment Canada 2015. Domestic Substance List. Appears as: listid: ECDSL-07010; Chemical_Name: Oils, lime; ; CAS: 8008-26-2
- 1977 Studies on d-limonene as a gallstone solubilizer (VII) Effects on development of mouse fetuses and offsprings. Oyo Yakuri 13(6), 863-873.
- US. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2015. Everything Added to Food. Appears as: listid: EAFUS-2301; Chemical_Name: LIME OIL, DISTILLED; ; CAS: 8008-26-2
- This ingredient’s score is higher if used in products that are inhalable (e.g., sprays, powders) because of respiratory concerns.
- Products with the EWG VERIFIED mark have met use restrictions and warnings based on EWG review of company data.
ABOUT THE SKIN DEEP® RATINGS
EWG provides information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings below indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors which determine actual health risks, if any. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer
ABOUT EWG VERIFIED™
Beyond providing Skin Deep® as an educational tool for consumers, EWG offers its EWG VERIFIED™ mark as a quick and easily identifiable way of conveying personal care products that meet EWG's strict health criteria. Before a company can use EWG VERIFIED™ on such products, the company must show that it fully discloses the products' ingredients on their labels or packaging, they do not contain EWG ingredients of concern, and are made with good manufacturing practices, among other criteria. Note that EWG receives licensing fees from all EWG VERIFIED™ member companies that help to support the important work we do. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer
