EWG Skin Deep® | What is TITANIUM/TITANIUM DIOXIDE

HOW WE DETERMINE SCORES Learn more About EWG VERIFIED™

Data: Fair

Titanium/Titanium Dioxide

This ingredient’s score is higher if used in products that are inhalable (e.g., sprays, powders) because of respiratory concerns.
Products with this ingredient are allowed for use in EWG VERIFIED but must meet use restrictions and warnings based on EWG review of company data.

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Other Concerns

Enhanced skin absorption and Occupational hazards (high)

SYNONYMS

BLACK TITANIUM OXIDE, TITANIUM OXIDE, BLACK, and TITANIUM/TITANIUM DIOXIDE

Restricted

Restricted: EWG VERIFIED products cannot contain this ingredient without adequate substantiation

Titanium/Titanium Dioxide is a composite of titanium and titanium dioxide.

Common concerns

See how this product scores for common concerns.

MODERATE

Cancer
LOW

Allergies & Immunotoxicity
LOW

Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
LOW

Use Restrictions

Ingredient concerns

CONCERNS
DATA SOURCES

Products with this Ingredient

lip gloss	34 products
lipstick	15 products
eye shadow	7 products
nail polish	7 products
mask	2 products
hair color and bleaching	2 products
eye liner	1 products
around-eye cream	1 products
facial moisturizer/treatment	1 products

Enhanced skin absorption

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Suspected nano-scale ingredients with potential to absorb into the skin	Nanomaterial Database

Occupational hazards

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses	National Library of Medicine HazMap

Cancer

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Possible human carcinogen	Open scientific literature
Limited evidence of carcinogenicity	NIOSH Occupational Carcinogens
Limited evidence of carcinogenicity	Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens
Cancer - limited evidence	Scorecard.org Toxicity Information

Decreased skin absorption

CONCERN	REFERENCE
No absorption into intact skin	Open scientific literature

Data gaps

CONCERN	REFERENCE
0 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical	NLM PubMed

Multiple, additive exposure sources

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food	FDA Everything Added to Food

Informational

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmetics	FDA Color Additive Status

NanoWerk. 2007. Nanomaterial Database. Available online: http://www.nanowerk.com/phpscripts/n_dbsearch.php
NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents.
Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health). 2006. NIOSH Carcinogens List (Potential occupational carcinogens). http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npotocca.html.
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures).
ED (Environmental Defense). 2006. Scorecard _ The Pollution Information Site. http://www.scorecard.org.
NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.

Understanding scores

Cosmetics and personal care products are not required to be tested for safety before being allowed on the market. The Skin Deep® scoring system was designed to help the public understand whether a product is safe to use or whether it contains ingredients of concern.

Every product and ingredient in Skin Deep gets a two-part score – one for hazard and one for data availability. The safest products score well by both measures, with a low hazard rating and a fair or better data availability rating.

HOW WE DETERMINE SCORES

Hazard score

The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG VERIFIED™ mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.

Data availability

The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature.

NONE LIMITED FAIR GOOD ROBUST

Low Availability

Moderate Availability

High Availability