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LEVULINIC ACID
Score:
Data: Limited
Cancer 
Cancer: Ingredients linked to cancer in government, industry or academic studies or assessments.
Developmental & Reproductive Toxicity
Developmental and reproductive toxicity: Ingredients linked to developmental and reproductive toxicity, a broad class of health effects that range from infertility and reproductive organ cancers to birth defects and developmental delays in children.
Allergies & Immunotoxicity
Allergies and immunotoxicity: Ingredients linked to harm to the immune system, a class of health problems that manifest as allergic reactions or an impaired capacity to fight disease and repair damaged tissue in the body.
Products with this Ingredient
| moisturizer | 41 products |
| shampoo | 27 products |
| body wash/cleanser | 22 products |
| facial moisturizer/treatment | 19 products |
| baby lotion | 18 products |
| conditioner | 16 products |
| hand cream | 14 products |
| exfoliant/scrub | 13 products |
| facial cleanser | 12 products |
| 11 products | |
| body spray | 9 products |
| baby wipes | 8 products |
| antiperspirant/deodorant | 8 products |
| serums & essences | 6 products |
| baby sunscreen | 5 products |
| recreational sunscreen | 5 products |
| liquid hand soap | 5 products |
| bubble bath | 5 products |
| around-eye cream | 4 products |
| blush | 4 products |
| makeup remover | 3 products |
| mascara | 3 products |
| toners/astringents | 3 products |
| anti-aging | 2 products |
| hair treatment/serum | 2 products |
| hand sanitizer | 2 products |
| styling gel/lotion | 2 products |
| baby shampoo | 2 products |
| baby soap | 2 products |
| after sun product | 2 products |
| diaper cream | 2 products |
| baby bubble bath | 1 products |
| baby toothpaste | 1 products |
| sunless tanning | 1 products |
| mask | 1 products |
| antiperspirant/deodorant (men's) | 1 products |
| bronzer/highlighter | 1 products |
| hair spray | 1 products |
| shaving cream | 1 products |
| facial powder | 1 products |
Multiple, additive exposure sources
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | FDA Everything Added to Food |
Data gaps
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| 589 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical | NLM PubMed |
Ecotoxicology
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Not suspected to be persistent | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Cancer
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Not likely to be carcinogenic in humans | EPA Water Disinfection By-Products Carcinogenicity |
Data Sources
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
- EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
- EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2006. EPA Water Disinfection By-Products with Carcinogenicity Estimates. Last updated: 10 April 2006.
ABOUT THE SKIN DEEP® RATINGS
EWG provides information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings below indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors which determine actual health risks, if any. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer
ABOUT EWG VERIFIED™
Beyond providing Skin Deep® as an educational tool for consumers, EWG offers its EWG VERIFIED™ mark as a quick and easily identifiable way of conveying personal care products that meet EWG's strict health criteria. Before a company can use EWG VERIFIED™ on such products, the company must show that it fully discloses the products' ingredients on their labels or packaging, they do not contain EWG ingredients of concern, and are made with good manufacturing practices, among other criteria. Note that EWG receives licensing fees from all EWG VERIFIED™ member companies that help to support the important work we do. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer
