Health issue
Level of Concern
Source
Component: D-LIMONENE
EPA testing shows this substance has high acute toxicity to aquatic life
some
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): EPA Fathead Minnow Acute Toxicity Database
Component: D-LIMONENE
Recognized by the European Union as a skin allergen
some
EU Cosmetics Directive: Allergen list
Component: D-LIMONENE
The European Commission's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety reports this substance is an established contact allergen in humans.
some
EU Cosmetics Directive: Opinion on Frangrance allergens in cosmetics (2011)
Component: D-LIMONENE
dermatitis, skin allergy
some
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.
Component: D-LIMONENE
This peer-reviewed study reports this substance causes occupational asthma.
some
Fabrizio Guarneri, Olga Barbuzza, Mario Vaccaro & Giuseppe Galtieri. 2008. Allergic contact dermatitis and asthma caused by limonene in a labourer handling citrus fruits. Contact dermatitis 58(5), 315-6.
Component: D-LIMONENE
skin irritation
some
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.
Component: D-LIMONENE
Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans
low
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Agents classified by the IARC Monographs (through Volume 127)
Component: D-LIMONENE
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners
low
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): FDA - Priority based Assessment of Food Additive (PAFA)
Component: D-LIMONENE
developmental and reproductive toxicity
low
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.
Component: D-LIMONENE
mutagenicity and/or DNA damage
low
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.