Citrus Oil
Component: D-LIMONENE
EPA testing shows this substance has high acute toxicity to aquatic life

some

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): EPA Fathead Minnow Acute Toxicity Database

Citrus Oil
Component: D-LIMONENE
Recognized by the European Union as a skin allergen

some

EU Cosmetics Directive: Allergen list

Citrus Oil
Component: D-LIMONENE
The European Commission's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety reports this substance is an established contact allergen in humans.

some

EU Cosmetics Directive: Opinion on Frangrance allergens in cosmetics (2011)

Citrus Oil
Component: D-LIMONENE
dermatitis, skin allergy

some

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.

Citrus Oil
Component: D-LIMONENE
This peer-reviewed study reports this substance causes occupational asthma.

some

Fabrizio Guarneri, Olga Barbuzza, Mario Vaccaro & Giuseppe Galtieri. 2008. Allergic contact dermatitis and asthma caused by limonene in a labourer handling citrus fruits. Contact dermatitis 58(5), 315-6.

Citrus Oil
Component: D-LIMONENE
skin irritation

some

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.

Citrus Oil
Component: D-LIMONENE
Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans

low

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Agents classified by the IARC Monographs (through Volume 127)

Citrus Oil
A review article reports this substance may have anticarcinogenic activity

low

F. Bakkali, S. Averbeck, D. Averbeck & M. Idaomar. 2008. Biological effects of essential oils--a review. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 46(2), 446-75.

Citrus Oil
A peer-reviewed study reports that botanical oils prevent oxidative damage.

low

Kevin P. Anthony, Suziat A. Deolu-Sobogun & Mahmoud A. Saleh. 2012. Comprehensive assessment of antioxidant activity of essential oils. Journal of food science 77(8), C839-43.

Citrus Oil
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners

low

U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): FDA - Priority based Assessment of Food Additive (PAFA)

Citrus Oil
A review article reports this substance is not mutagenic

low

F. Bakkali, S. Averbeck, D. Averbeck & M. Idaomar. 2008. Biological effects of essential oils--a review. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 46(2), 446-75.

Citrus Oil
Component: D-LIMONENE
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners

low

U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): FDA - Priority based Assessment of Food Additive (PAFA)

Citrus Oil
Component: D-LIMONENE
developmental and reproductive toxicity

low

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.

Citrus Oil
Component: D-LIMONENE
mutagenicity and/or DNA damage

low

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.