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EWG's Tap Water Database — 2021 UPDATE

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Downey Water Department

EWG's drinking water quality report shows results of tests conducted by the water utility and provided to the Environmental Working Group by the California State Water Resources Control Board, as well as information from the U.S. EPA Enforcement and Compliance History database (ECHO). For the latest quarter assessed by the U.S. EPA (January 2021 - March 2021), tap water provided by this water utility was in compliance with federal health-based drinking water standards.

Utility Details

  • Downey, California
  • Serves: 111,930
  • Data available: 2014-2019
  • Source: Groundwater

Contaminants Detected

11

EXCEED
EWG HEALTH
GUIDELINES

28 Total Contaminants

  • Legal does not necessarily equal safe. Getting a passing grade from the federal government does not mean the water meets the latest health guidelines.
  • Legal limits for contaminants in tap water have not been updated in almost 20 years.
  • The best way to ensure clean tap water is to keep pollution out of source water in the first place.

Looking for a countertop water filter?

Find out which filters earned EWG's recommendation

See the guide

Contaminants Detected

1,4-Dioxane

Potential Effect: cancer4.7x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY1.64 ppb
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE0.35 ppb
NO LEGAL LIMIT
DETAILS
X

1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff.

1,4-Dioxane was found at 4.7 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

0.35 ppb or less

This Utility

1.64 ppb

National Average

0.0681 ppb

State Average

0.142 ppb
NO LEGAL LIMIT
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2013-2019.
ppb = parts per billion

Health Risks

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.

Pollution Sources

industry icon

Industry

urban area icon

Runoff & Sprawl

Filtering Options

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

Arsenic

Potential Effect: cancer163x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY0.653 ppb
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE0.004 ppb
LEGAL LIMIT10 ppb
DETAILS
X

Arsenic is a potent carcinogen and common contaminant in drinking water. Arsenic causes thousands of cases of cancer each year in the U.S. Click here to read more about arsenic.

Arsenic was found at 163 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

0.004 ppb or less

This Utility

0.653 ppb

Legal Limit

10 ppb

National Average

0.647 ppb

State Average

1.1 ppb
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2017-2019.
ppb = parts per billion

Health Risks

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.004 ppb for arsenic was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. This health guideline protects against cancer.

Pollution Sources

agriculture icon

Agriculture

industry icon

Industry

naturally occuring icon

Naturally Occurring

Filtering Options

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

ion exchange icon

Ion Exchange

Chromium (hexavalent)

Potential Effect: cancer9x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY0.181 ppb
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE0.02 ppb
NO LEGAL LIMIT
DETAILS
X

Chromium (hexavalent)

more about
this contaminant

Chromium (hexavalent) is a carcinogen that commonly contaminates American drinking water. Chromium (hexavalent) in drinking water may be due to industrial pollution or natural occurrences in mineral deposits and groundwater. Read more about chromium (hexavalent).

Chromium (hexavalent) was found at 9 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

0.02 ppb or less

This Utility

0.181 ppb

National Average

0.484 ppb

State Average

1.36 ppb
NO LEGAL LIMIT
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2013-2019.
ppb = parts per billion

Health Risks

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.02 ppb for chromium (hexavalent) was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. This health guideline protects against cancer.

Pollution Sources

industry icon

Industry

naturally occuring icon

Naturally Occurring

Filtering Options

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

ion exchange icon

Ion Exchange

Nitrate

Potential Effect: cancer18x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY2.55 ppm
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE0.14 ppm
LEGAL LIMIT10 ppm
DETAILS
X

Nitrate, a fertilizer chemical, frequently contaminates drinking water due to agricultural and urban runoff, and discharges from municipal wastewater treatment plants and septic tanks. Excessive nitrate in water can cause oxygen deprivation in infants and increase the risk of cancer. Click here to read more about nitrate.

Nitrate was found at 18 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

0.14 ppm or less

This Utility

2.55 ppm

Legal Limit

10 ppm

National Average

0.935 ppm

State Average

1.9 ppm
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2017-2019.
ppm = parts per million

Health Risks

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.14 ppm for nitrate was defined by EWG . This health guideline protects against cancer and harm to fetal growth and development.

Pollution Sources

agriculture icon

Agriculture

urban area icon

Runoff & Sprawl

naturally occuring icon

Naturally Occurring

Filtering Options

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

ion exchange icon

Ion Exchange

Nitrate and nitrite

Potential Effect: cancer19x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY2.61 ppm
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE0.14 ppm
LEGAL LIMIT10 ppm
DETAILS
X

Nitrate and nitrite

more about
this contaminant

Nitrate and nitrite enter water from fertilizer runoff, septic tanks and urban runoff. These contaminants can cause oxygen deprivation for infants and increase the risk of cancer. Nitrite is significantly more toxic than nitrate. Click here to read more about nitrate.

Nitrate and nitrite was found at 19 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

0.14 ppm or less

This Utility

2.61 ppm

Legal Limit

10 ppm

National Average

0.888 ppm

State Average

1.76 ppm
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2017-2019.
ppm = parts per million

Health Risks

The health guideline of 0.14 parts per million, or ppm, for nitrate and nitrite is based on the equivalent health guideline for nitrate, as defined in a peer-reviewed scientific study by EWG. This guideline represents a one-in-one-million annual cancer risk level.

Pollution Sources

agriculture icon

Agriculture

urban area icon

Runoff & Sprawl

naturally occuring icon

Naturally Occurring

Filtering Options

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

ion exchange icon

Ion Exchange

Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS)

Potential Effect: 3.2x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY3.17 ppt
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE1 ppt
NO LEGAL LIMIT
DETAILS
X

Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS)

more about
this contaminant

Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) is a member of a group of perfluorinated chemicals used in many consumer products. PFOS and other perfluorinated chemicals can cause serious health effects, including cancer, endocrine disruption, accelerated puberty, liver and immune system damage, and thyroid changes. These chemicals are persistent in the environment and they accumulate in people. Click here to read more about perfluorinated chemicals.

Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) was found at 3.2 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

1 ppt or less

This Utility

3.17 ppt

National Average

156.3 ppt

State Average

0.297 ppt
NO LEGAL LIMIT
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2013-2019.
ppt = parts per trillion

Health Risks

The EWG Health Guideline of 1 ppt for perfluorobutane sulfonate was defined by EWG based on studies by Phillipe Grandjean of Harvard University and many other independent researchers who found reduced effectiveness of vaccines and adverse impacts on mammary gland development from exposure to PFOA and PFOS, the two PFAS most widely detected in drinking water. This health guideline applies to the entire class of PFAS detected in water.

Pollution Sources

industry icon

Industry

urban area icon

Runoff & Sprawl

Filtering Options

carbon filter icon

Activated Carbon

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHXS)

Potential Effect: 3.5x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY3.46 ppt
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE1 ppt
LEGAL LIMIT10 ppt
DETAILS
X

Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHXS)

more about
this contaminant

Perfluorohexane sulfonate is a member of a group of perfluorinated chemicals used in many consumer products. Perfluorinated chemicals can cause serious health effects, including cancer, endocrine disruption, accelerated puberty, liver and immune system damage, and thyroid changes. These chemicals are persistent in the environment and they accumulate in people. Click here to read more about perfluorinated chemicals.

Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHXS) was found at 3.5 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

1 ppt or less

This Utility

3.46 ppt

Legal Limit

10 ppt

National Average

0.361 ppt

State Average

0.617 ppt
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2013-2019.
ppt = parts per trillion

Health Risks

The EWG Health Guideline of 1 ppt for perfluorohexane sulfonate was defined by EWG based on studies by Phillipe Grandjean of Harvard University and many other independent researchers who found reduced effectiveness of vaccines and adverse impacts on mammary gland development from exposure to PFOA and PFOS, the two PFAS most widely detected in drinking water. This health guideline applies to the entire class of PFAS detected in water.

Pollution Sources

industry icon

Industry

urban area icon

Runoff & Sprawl

Filtering Options

carbon filter icon

Activated Carbon

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)

Potential Effect: 27x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY27.4 ppt
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE1 ppt
PROPOSED LEGAL LIMIT4 ppt
DETAILS
X

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)

more about
this contaminant

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a member of a group of perfluorinated chemicals used in many consumer products. PFOS and other perfluorinated chemicals can cause serious health effects, including cancer, endocrine disruption, accelerated puberty, liver and immune system damage, and thyroid changes. These chemicals are persistent in the environment and they accumulate in people. Click here to read more about perfluorinated chemicals.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was found at 27 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

1 ppt or less

This Utility

27.4 ppt

Legal Limit

4 ppt

National Average

0.908 ppt

State Average

1.63 ppt
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2013-2019.
ppt = parts per trillion

Health Risks

The EWG Health Guideline of 1 ppt for PFOS was defined by EWG based on studies by Phillipe Grandjean of Harvard University and many other independent researchers who found reduced effectiveness of vaccines and adverse impacts on mammary gland development from exposure to PFOA and PFOS, the two PFAS most widely detected in drinking water. This health guideline applies to the entire class of PFAS detected in water.

Pollution Sources

industry icon

Industry

urban area icon

Runoff & Sprawl

Filtering Options

carbon filter icon

Activated Carbon

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)

Potential Effect: cancer1,279x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY8.95 ppt
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE0.007 ppt
PROPOSED LEGAL LIMIT4 ppt
DETAILS
X

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)

more about
this contaminant

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a member of a group of perfluorinated chemicals used in many consumer products. PFOA and other perfluorinated chemicals can cause serious health effects, including cancer, endocrine disruption, accelerated puberty, liver and immune system damage, and thyroid changes. These chemicals are persistent in the environment and they accumulate in people. Click here to read more about perfluorinated chemicals.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was found at 1,279 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

0.007 ppt or less

This Utility

8.95 ppt

Legal Limit

4 ppt

National Average

1.15 ppt

State Average

0.71 ppt
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2013-2019.
ppt = parts per trillion

Health Risks

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.007 ppt for PFOA was proposed by California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. This health guideline protects against cancer.

Pollution Sources

industry icon

Industry

urban area icon

Runoff & Sprawl

Filtering Options

carbon filter icon

Activated Carbon

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene)

Potential Effect: cancer8x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY0.477 ppb
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE0.06 ppb
LEGAL LIMIT5 ppb
DETAILS
X

Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene)

more about
this contaminant

Dry cleaning chemical tetrachloroethylene, or perc, can cause cancer. It pollutes soil and groundwater due to emissions from dry cleaning facilities, and automotive, metalworking and other industries.

Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) was found at 8 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

0.06 ppb or less

This Utility

0.477 ppb

Legal Limit

5 ppb

National Average

0.0211 ppb

State Average

0.0723 ppb
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2017-2019.
ppb = parts per billion

Health Risks

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.06 ppb for tetrachloroethylene was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. This health guideline protects against cancer.

Pollution Sources

industry icon

Industry

urban area icon

Runoff & Sprawl

Filtering Options

carbon filter icon

Activated Carbon

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

Uranium

Potential Effect: cancer4x EWG'S HEALTH GUIDELINE
THIS UTILITY1.71 pCi/L
EWG HEALTH GUIDELINE0.43 pCi/L
LEGAL LIMIT20 pCi/L
DETAILS
X

Uranium is a known human carcinogen. The federal legal limit for uranium is set at 30 micrograms per liter (corresponding to parts per billion), but utilities can also report uranium in picocuries per liter (pCi/L), which is a measure of radioactivity in water. EWG translated all uranium results to pCi/L using a conversion factor developed by the EPA. With this conversion approach, the limit of 30 ppb corresponds to 20 pCi/L. Drinking water with this much uranium would cause more than 4.6 cancer cases in a population of 100,000. California set a public health goal for uranium of 0.43 pCi/L.

Uranium was found at 4 times above EWG's Health Guideline.

EWG Health Guideline

0.43 pCi/L or less

This Utility

1.71 pCi/L

Legal Limit

20 pCi/L

National Average

1.04 pCi/L

State Average

2.54 pCi/L
The state and national averages were calculated using the averages of the contaminant measurements for each utility in 2014-2019.
pCi/L = picocuries per liter

Health Risks

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.43 pCi/L for uranium was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. Three most common uranium isotopes are U-234, U-235 and U-238. All isotopes of uranium are radioactive, and the total radioactivity depends on the ratio of isotopes. This health guideline protects against cancer.

Pollution Sources

industry icon

Industry

naturally occuring icon

Naturally Occurring

Filtering Options

reverse osmosis icon

Reverse Osmosis

ion exchange icon

Ion Exchange

Includes chemicals detected in 2017-2019 for which annual utility averages exceeded an EWG-selected health guideline established by a federal or state public health authority; chemicals detected under the EPA's Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR 3) program in 2013 to 2015 (and subsequent testing when available), for which annual utility averages exceeded a health guideline established by a federal or state public health authority; radiological contaminants detected between 2014 and 2019.


Other Contaminants Tested


Chemicals tested for but not detected from 2014 to 2019:

1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane , 1,1,1-Trichloroethane , 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane , 1,1,2-Trichloroethane , 1,1-Dichloroethylene , 1,1-Dichloropropene , 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene , 1,2,3-Trichloropropane , 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene , 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene , 1,2-Dichloroethane , 1,2-Dichloropropane , 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene , 1,3-Butadiene , 1,3-Dichloropropane , 1,3-Dichloropropene , 1-butanol , 11-chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic aci, 17-beta-Estradiol , 2,2-Dichloropropane , 2-Chloroethylvinyl ether , 2-methoxyethanol , 2-propen-1-ol , 4,8-dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA) , 4-Androstene-3,17-dione , 9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanone-1-sulfonic acid (, Alachlor (Lasso) , Alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane , Aluminum , Antimony , Atrazine , Benzene , Benzo[a]pyrene , Beryllium , Bromacil , Bromobenzene , Bromochloromethane , Bromodichloromethane , Bromoform , Bromomethane , Butachlor , Butylated hydroxyanisole , Cadmium , Captan , Carbon tetrachloride , Carbophenothion , Chloroethane , Chloromethane , Chlorpropham , Chlorpyriphos , cis-1,3-Dichloropropene , Cobalt , Cyanazine (Bladex) , Cyanide , Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate , Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate , Diazinon (Spectracide) , Dibromochloromethane , Dibromomethane , Dichlorodifluoromethane , Dichloromethane (methylene chloride) , Dimethipin , Dimethoate , Diphenamide , Disulfoton , EPTC (Eptam) , Equilin , Estriol , Estrone , Ethinyl estradiol , Ethoprop , Ethyl tert-butyl ether , Ethylbenzene , Germanium , Hexachlorobutadiene , Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) , Isopropyl ether , Isopropylbenzene , m-Dichlorobenzene , Mercury (inorganic) , Methyl ethyl ketone , Methyl isobutyl ketone , Metolachlor , Metribuzin , Molinate , Monochlorobenzene (chlorobenzene) , MTBE , n-Butylbenzene , N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamido acetic acid (N, N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid , n-Propylbenzene , Naphthalene , Nitrite , o-Chlorotoluene , o-Dichlorobenzene , o-toluidine , Oxyflurofen , p-Chlorotoluene , p-Dichlorobenzene , p-Isopropyltoluene , Perchlorate , Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) , Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) , Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTA) , Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) , Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA) , Permethrin , Profenofos , Prometon , Prometryn , Quinoline , Radium, combined (-226 & -228) , sec-Butylbenzene , Selenium , Silver , Simazine , Styrene , Tebuconazole , Terbacil , tert-Amyl methyl ether , tert-Butylbenzene , Testosterone , Thallium , Thiobencarb , Toluene , trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene , trans-1,3-Dichloropropene , Tribufos , Trichlorofluoromethane , Trichlorotrifluoroethane , Vinyl chloride , Xylenes (total)

Downey Water Department compliance with legally mandated federal standards:

  • From April 2019 to March 2021, Downey Water Department complied with health-based drinking water standards.
  • 2 QUARTERS
    in violation of any federal drinking water standard from April 2019 to March 2021

Information in this section on Downey Water Department comes from the U.S. EPA Enforcement and Compliance History Online database (ECHO).

LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS UTILITY

Water Filters That Can Reduce Contaminant Levels

ContaminantActivated Carbonactivated carbonReverse Osmosisreverse osmosisIon Exchangeion exchange
CONTAMINANTS ABOVE
HEALTH GUIDELINES
1,4-Dioxane
Arsenic
Chromium (hexavalent)
Nitrate
Nitrate & nitrite
Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS)
Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHXS)
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)
Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene)
Uranium, combined (pCi/L)
OTHER CONTAMINANTS
DETECTED
1,1-Dichloroethane
Barium
Chlorate
Chlorodifluoromethane
Chloroform
Chromium (total)
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
Fluoride
Manganese
Molybdenum
Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHPA)
Perfluorohexanoic Acid (PFHxA)
Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)
Strontium
Total trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
Trichloroethylene
Vanadium

Take Action

Contact Your Local Official

One of the best ways to push for cleaner water is to hold accountable the elected officials who have a say in water quality – from city hall and the state legislature to Congress all the way to the Oval Office – by asking questions and demanding answers.

LEARN MORE

Filter Out Contaminants

Check out our recommendations for filters to protect your water against the detected contaminants.

EWG’S WATER FILTER GUIDE