1,4-Dioxane
North Castle Water District #4
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2020 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2021 | ND | 12 | 0 | ND |
| 2022 | ND | 12 | 0 | ND |
| 2023 | ND | 17 | 0 | ND |
ppb = parts per billion
State, National, and Health Guidelines for Drinking Water
EWG Health Guideline: 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2021-06-22 | L213400904-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-06-22 | L213400903-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-06-22 | L213400902-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-06-22 | L213400901-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-08-10 | L214312301-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-08-10 | L214312302-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-08-11 | L214313403-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-08-11 | L214313405-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-12-28 | L217129602-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-12-28 | L217129104-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-12-28 | L217129101-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-12-28 | L217129603-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-03-29 | L221627006-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-03-29 | L221627005-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-03-29 | L221627001-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-03-29 | L221627003-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-09-28 | L2253737-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-09-28 | L2253737-01-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-09-28 | L2253737-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-09-28 | L2253737-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-12-01 | L2267398-09-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-12-01 | L2267398-08-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-12-01 | L2267398-07-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-12-01 | L2267398-10-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-02-16 | L2308678-01-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-02-16 | L2308678-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-02-16 | L2308678-05-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-02-16 | L2308678-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-02-16 | L2308678-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-05-04 | L2324575-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-05-04 | L2324575-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-05-04 | L2324575-01-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-05-04 | L2324575-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-08-15 | L2347441-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-08-15 | L2347441-01-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-08-15 | L2347441-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-08-15 | L2347441-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-10-31 | L2364493-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-10-31 | L2364493-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-10-31 | L2364493-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-10-31 | L2364493-01-PFAS | ND |