1,4-Dioxane
North Castle Water District #2
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2020 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2021 | ND | 12 | 0 | ND |
| 2022 | ND | 12 | 0 | ND |
| 2023 | ND | 17 | 0 | ND |
ppb = parts per billion
State, National, and Health Guidelines for Drinking Water
EWG Health Guideline: 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2021-06-22 | L213400404-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-06-22 | L213400403-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-06-22 | L213400402-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-06-22 | L213400401-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-08-23 | L214531203-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-08-23 | L214531202-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-08-23 | L214531201-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-08-24 | L214531205-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-12-28 | L217128703-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-12-28 | L217128704-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-12-28 | L217128701-PFAS | ND |
| 2021-12-28 | L217128702-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-03-29 | L221626001-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-03-29 | L221626003-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-03-29 | L221626005-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-03-29 | L221626004-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-09-28 | L2253716-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-09-28 | L2253716-01-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-09-28 | L2253716-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-09-28 | L2253716-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-12-01 | L2267398-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-12-01 | L2267398-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-12-01 | L2267398-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2022-12-01 | L2267398-01-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-02-16 | L2308675-01-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-02-16 | L2308675-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-02-16 | L2308675-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-02-16 | L2308675-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-05-04 | L2324681-05-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-05-04 | L2324681-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-05-17 | L2324681-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-05-17 | L2324681-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-05-17 | L2324681-01-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-08-15 | L2347438-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-08-15 | L2347438-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-08-15 | L2347438-01-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-08-15 | L2347438-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-10-31 | L2364496-04-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-10-31 | L2364496-02-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-10-31 | L2364496-03-PFAS | ND |
| 2023-10-31 | L2364496-01-1,4-DIOX | ND |