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EWG's Tap Water Database — 2021 UPDATE

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Haloacetic acids (HAA5)

Niagara Falls Water Board

Haloacetic acids are formed when disinfectants such as chlorine are added to tap water. The group of five haloacetic acids regulated by federal standards includes monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid. Read More.

Haloacetic acids are harmful during pregnancy and may increase the risk of cancer. Haloacetic acids are� genotoxic, which means that they induce mutations and DNA damage. Multiple studies by the National Toxicology Program have demonstrated the cancer-causing properties of individual haloacetic acids in laboratory animals. The Department of Health and Human Services is currently considering listing di- or tri-haloacetic acids for possible inclusion in its comprehensive Report on Carcinogens.

Click here to read more about disinfection byproducts.

MORE ABOUT THIS CONTAMINANT

 

136

Samples

0

Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)

134

Samples exceeding
health guidelines

Testing results - average by year

 
YearAverage resultSamples takenDetectionsRange of results
201421.0 ppb32323.10 ppb - 44.2 ppb
201517.4 ppb16168.70 ppb - 36.5 ppb
201622.5 ppb32324.48 ppb - 36.6 ppb
201726.4 ppb2322ND - 46.1 ppb
201818.3 ppb3231ND - 35.4 ppb
201925.0 ppb111.000 ppb - 42.3 ppb

ppb = parts per billion

State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines

EWG Health Guideline 0.1 ppb

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.1 ppb for the group of five haloacetic acids, or HAA5, was defined in a peer-reviewed scientific study by EWG and represents a one-in-a-million lifetime cancer risk level. This health guideline protects against cancer.

EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 60 ppb

The legal limit for the group of five haloacetic acids (HAA5), established in 1998, was based on the need for residual disinfectant levels in water served to customers and the cost of treatment. This limit does not fully protect against the risk of cancer and harm to the developing fetus due to exposure to haloacetic acids.

ppb = parts per billion

All test results

Date Lab ID Result
2014-02-03 LRAA4 1Q1412.5 ppb
2014-02-03 LRAA8 1Q149.97 ppb
2014-02-03 LRAA5 1Q1415.2 ppb
2014-02-03 LRAA2 1Q1412.9 ppb
2014-02-03 LRAA3 1Q1413.2 ppb
2014-02-03 LRAA7 1Q1412.0 ppb
2014-02-03 LRAA6 1Q1410.6 ppb
2014-02-03 LRAA1 1Q1419.5 ppb
2014-05-05 LRAA8 2Q1420.4 ppb
2014-05-05 LRAA4 2Q1419.5 ppb
2014-05-05 LRAA5 2Q1418.0 ppb
2014-05-05 LRAA6 2Q1416.1 ppb
2014-05-05 LRAA3 2Q1424.0 ppb
2014-05-05 LRAA2 2Q1422.3 ppb
2014-05-05LRAA1 2Q1434.1 ppb
2014-05-05LRAA7 2Q1423.9 ppb
2014-08-04LRAA2 3Q1444.2 ppb
2014-08-04LRAA7 3Q1439.2 ppb
2014-08-04LRAA3 3Q145.12 ppb
2014-08-04LRAA4 3Q1437.7 ppb
2014-08-04LRAA5 3Q1442.0 ppb
2014-08-04LRAA6 3Q1442.3 ppb
2014-08-04LRAA1 3Q147.66 ppb
2014-08-04LRAA8 3Q1439.7 ppb
2014-11-03NF DBP9 2014Q4-520.9 ppb
2014-11-03NF DBP9 2014Q4-220.4 ppb
2014-11-03NF DBP9 2014Q4-616.4 ppb
2014-11-03NF DBP9 2014Q4-724.9 ppb
2014-11-03NF DBP9 2014Q4-815.5 ppb
2014-11-03NF DBP9 2014Q4-33.10 ppb
2014-11-03NF DBP9 2014Q4-418.1 ppb
2014-11-03NF DBP9 2014Q4-110.4 ppb
2015-02-02NFWB DBP9 1Q201512.4 ppb
2015-02-02NFWB DBP9 1Q201510.9 ppb
2015-02-02NFWB DBP9 1Q201510.8 ppb
2015-02-02NFWB DBP9 1Q20159.58 ppb
2015-02-02NFWB DBP9 1Q201510.1 ppb
2015-02-02NFWB DBP9 1Q201512.3 ppb
2015-02-02NFWB DBP9 1Q20158.70 ppb
2015-02-03NFWB DBP9 1Q201521.7 ppb
2015-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201536.5 ppb
2015-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201519.0 ppb
2015-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201523.1 ppb
2015-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201519.9 ppb
2015-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201513.9 ppb
2015-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201516.9 ppb
2015-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201523.2 ppb
2015-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201528.7 ppb
2016-02-01NFWB DBP9 1Q201632.7 ppb
2016-02-01NFWB DBP9 1Q201622.2 ppb
2016-02-01NFWB DBP9 1Q201636.2 ppb
2016-02-01NFWB DBP9 1Q201616.5 ppb
2016-02-01NFWB DBP9 1Q201623.7 ppb
2016-02-01NFWB DBP9 1Q201618.2 ppb
2016-02-01NFWB DBP9 1Q201624.0 ppb
2016-02-01NFWB DBP9 1Q201621.1 ppb
2016-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201622.1 ppb
2016-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201625.4 ppb
2016-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q20168.96 ppb
2016-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201626.5 ppb
2016-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201626.0 ppb
2016-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201621.4 ppb
2016-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201621.7 ppb
2016-05-04NFWB DBP9 2Q201618.0 ppb
2016-08-01NFWB DBP9 3Q20168.34 ppb
2016-08-01NFWB DBP9 3Q20164.48 ppb
2016-08-01NFWB DBP9 3Q201627.2 ppb
2016-08-01NFWB DBP9 3Q201626.8 ppb
2016-08-01NFWB DBP9 3Q201636.6 ppb
2016-08-01NFWB DBP9 3Q201631.9 ppb
2016-08-01NFWB DBP9 3Q201628.4 ppb
2016-08-01NFWB DBP9 3Q201630.9 ppb
2016-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201623.5 ppb
2016-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201620.7 ppb
2016-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201614.1 ppb
2016-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201619.6 ppb
2016-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201624.9 ppb
2016-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201627.0 ppb
2016-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201622.0 ppb
2016-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201610.3 ppb
2017-02-08NFWB DBP9 1Q201728.6 ppb
2017-02-08NFWB DBP9 1Q20173.42 ppb
2017-02-08NFWB DBP9 1Q201718.4 ppb
2017-02-08NFWB DBP9 1Q201717.2 ppb
2017-02-08NFWB DBP9 1Q201718.0 ppb
2017-02-08NFWB DBP9 1Q201718.8 ppb
2017-02-08NFWB DBP9 1Q201722.2 ppb
2017-02-08NFWB DBP9 1Q201716.7 ppb
2017-05-03NFWB DBP9 2Q201733.9 ppb
2017-05-03NFWB DBP9 2Q201733.9 ppb
2017-05-03NFWB DBP9 2Q201739.7 ppb
2017-05-03NFWB DBP9 2Q201746.1 ppb
2017-05-03NFWB DBP9 2Q201721.9 ppb
2017-05-03NFWB DBP9 2Q201739.2 ppb
2017-05-03NFWB DBP9 2Q201738.6 ppb
2017-05-03NFWB DBP9 2Q201735.0 ppb
2017-08-07NFWB DBP9 3Q201727.5 ppb
2017-08-07NFWB DBP9 3Q201727.0 ppb
2017-08-07NFWB DBP9 3Q2017ND
2017-08-07NFWB DBP9 3Q201728.2 ppb
2017-08-07NFWB DBP9 3Q201733.8 ppb
2017-08-07NFWB DBP9 3Q201730.9 ppb
2017-08-07NFWB DBP9 3Q201727.5 ppb
2018-02-05NFWB DBP9 1Q201812.4 ppb
2018-02-05NFWB DBP9 1Q201825.2 ppb
2018-02-05NFWB DBP9 1Q201813.0 ppb
2018-02-05NFWB DBP9 1Q201811.8 ppb
2018-02-05NFWB DBP9 1Q201812.0 ppb
2018-02-05NFWB DBP9 1Q20188.94 ppb
2018-02-05NFWB DBP9 1Q201813.5 ppb
2018-02-05NFWB DBP9 1Q201815.9 ppb
2018-05-07NFWB DBP9 2Q201815.7 ppb
2018-05-07NFWB DBP9 2Q201817.1 ppb
2018-05-07NFWB DBP9 2Q201835.4 ppb
2018-05-07NFWB DBP9 2Q201820.4 ppb
2018-05-07NFWB DBP9 2Q201820.2 ppb
2018-05-07NFWB DBP9 2Q201816.9 ppb
2018-05-07NFWB DBP9 2Q201815.2 ppb
2018-05-07NFWB DBP9 2Q201819.2 ppb
2018-08-06NFWB DBP9 3Q201824.2 ppb
2018-08-06NFWB DBP9 3Q201821.7 ppb
2018-08-06NFWB DBP9 3Q201827.2 ppb
2018-08-06NFWB DBP9 3Q2018ND
2018-08-06NFWB DBP9 3Q201811.0 ppb
2018-08-06NFWB DBP9 3Q201827.5 ppb
2018-08-06NFWB DBP9 3Q201827.7 ppb
2018-08-06NFWB DBP9 3Q201827.9 ppb
2018-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201822.4 ppb
2018-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201821.4 ppb
2018-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201815.8 ppb
2018-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201822.0 ppb
2018-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201820.8 ppb
2018-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201821.5 ppb
2018-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q20185.10 ppb
2018-11-07NFWB DBP9 4Q201817.2 ppb
2019-06-0125.0 ppb*

* Sample result is taken from the system's CCR report.