Total Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
Kalamazoo
PFCs, also known as per- and polyfluorinated substances or PFAS, are a family of chemicals used in hundreds of products – from nonstick pans to stain repellent clothing, wire coatings and firefighting foam.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2014 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2015 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2018 | 9.50 ppt | 16 | 5 | ND - 72.0 ppt |
| 2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
ppt = parts per trillion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 1 ppt
The EWG Health Guideline of 1 ppt for total per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances was defined by EWG as based on studies by Phillipe Grandjean of Harvard University and many other independent researchers who found reduced effectiveness of vaccines and adverse impacts on mammary gland development from exposure to PFOA and PFOS, the two PFAS most widely detected in drinking water. This health guideline protects against applies to the entire class of PFAS detected in water.
ppt = parts per trillion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151215KE | 72.0 ppt |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151425KE | ND |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151145KE | ND |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151230KE | 69.0 ppt |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151050KE | ND |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151355KE | ND |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151540KE | ND |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151525KE | 3.00 ppt |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151030KE | 6.00 ppt |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151245KE | ND |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151440 | ND |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151120KE | ND |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151510KE | ND |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151300KE | ND |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151455KE | 2.00 ppt |
| 2018-06-15 | GWEF1806151405KE | ND |