Know Your Environment. Protect Your Health.

Radium, combined (-226 and -228)

Gowc East Water System

Radium is a radioactive element that causes bone cancer and other cancers. It can occur naturally in groundwater, and oil and gas extraction activities such as hydraulic fracturing can elevate concentrations. Read More.

Radium releases radioactive particles that harm health in many ways, causing tumors in bone, lungs and other organs; leukemia; and skin and blood damage. Water utilities typically report radium amounts in picocuries per liter (pCi/L), which is a measure of radioactivity in water. The two most common forms of radium are radium-226 and radium-228. They may be reported separately or together.

Federal law allows up to 5 picocuries per liter of combined radium-226 and radium-228 in tap water. Research by the U.S. Geological Survey shows that in some regions of the country, such as the mid-continental region and North Atlantic coastal region, more than 20 percent of sampled wells have radium in levels exceeding the federal drinking water limit. And the legal limit does not equate safety: The EPA estimates that one in every 10,000 people drinking water containing radium at this level would develop cancer over a lifetime.

California set a public health goal much lower than the federal limit – 0.05 picocuries per liter of radium-226 and 0.019 picocuries per liter of radium-228, concentrations that are lower than the detection limit for most water tests.

Click here to read more on radiological contaminants.

 

36

Samples

0

Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)

15

Samples exceeding
health guidelines

Testing results - average by year

 
YearAverage resultSamples takenDetectionsRange of results
2018N/A00N/A
2019N/A00N/A
2020N/A00N/A
2021N/A00N/A
2022ND90ND
20230.34 pCi/L2715ND - 1.16 pCi/L

pCi/L = picocuries per liter

State, National, and Health Guidelines for Drinking Water

EWG Health Guideline: 0.05 pCi/L

EWG applied the health guideline of 0.05 pCi/L, defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal for radium-226, to radium-226 and radium-228 combined. This health guideline protects against cancer.

EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL): 5 pCi/L

The legal limit for combined radium-226 and radium-228, established in 1976, was based on costs for radium removal, as calculated at the time that the standard was set. This limit does not fully protect against the risk of cancer due to radium exposure.

pCi/L = picocuries per liter

All test results

Date Lab ID Result
2022-10-2435755885004ND
2022-10-2435755885005ND
2022-10-2435755885003ND
2022-10-24202297-WATER TREATMENT PLANTND
2022-10-242022921-MORSES POND WELLND
2022-10-242022831-WESTFIELD RD WTP POSTND
2022-10-242022720-FINISHED: WELL #2 - NOND
2022-10-242022729-HINGHAM ST. RESERVOIRND
2022-10-242022815-WELLS #1 & #2ND
2023-01-232023419-FINISHED:HOLBROOK ST.ND
2023-01-23202368-MILLGATE RD. GP WELL0.69 pCi/L
2023-01-232023531-D'ANGELIS: POST GAC VEND
2023-01-23202353-MAIN ST. GP WELL #1ND
2023-01-232023515-RAW WATER: BLACKSTONEND
2023-01-23202344-WELL 3 SOURCE SAMPLE TAND
2023-01-23357748090030.69 pCi/L
2023-01-2335774809002ND
2023-01-2335774809004ND
2023-04-042023418-STATION #2: MEMORIAL B0.66 pCi/L
2023-04-042023626-BRAINTREE WTP - FINISH0.39 pCi/L
2023-04-04202353-WELL #2: RAW WATERND
2023-04-042023515-GP WELL #70.23 pCi/L
2023-04-04202344-BILODEAU TREATMENT PLANND
2023-04-042023411-RAW WATER: OTTER RIVERND
2023-04-04357902470010.89 pCi/L
2023-04-04357902470020.39 pCi/L
2023-04-0435790247003ND
2023-07-10358125610010.81 pCi/L
2023-07-10358125610021.16 pCi/L
2023-07-10358125610030.70 pCi/L
2023-07-102023418-WELL #1: RAW WATER0.70 pCi/L
2023-07-10202345-STATION #2 (MAIN ST GP0.33 pCi/L
2023-07-10202351-RAW WATER: CLIFF RD. WEND
2023-07-10202353-WELL #2: RAW WATER0.83 pCi/L
2023-07-10202361-GREAT SANDY BOTTOM FINI0.29 pCi/L
2023-07-102023628-WELL #90.52 pCi/L