Know Your Environment. Protect Your Health.

Vinyl chloride

Claflin, City of

Vinyl chloride is a known human carcinogen used for production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics. Discharges from plastics manufacturing can contaminate drinking water with vinyl chloride. Read More.

Exposure to vinyl chloride increases the risk of cancer and can damage the liver and nervous system. The California public health goal of 0.05 parts per billion, set to protect against cancer, is 40 times lower than the amount allowed by the federal government, which is a Maximum Contaminant Level of 2 parts per billion.

Plastic pipes made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and chlorinated PVC (CPVC) are widely used for drinking water distribution lines and internal plumbing, raising concern about vinyl chloride contamination of drinking water. A study published in 2011 by Ryan Walter of Cornell University School of Civil and Environmental Engineering suggested that small amounts of vinyl chloride can leach from PVC pipes. Vinyl chloride can also form in the pipes as a result of water disinfection with chlorine.

In an assessment completed in 2000, California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment stated that drinking water is not a significant source of exposure to vinyl chloride for the general population.

Click here to read more about carcinogenic VOCs.

 

31

Samples

0

Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)

0

Samples exceeding
health guidelines

Testing results - average by year

 
YearAverage resultSamples takenDetectionsRange of results
2018ND50ND
2019ND60ND
2020ND50ND
2021ND60ND
2022ND50ND
2023ND40ND

ppb = parts per billion

State, National, and Health Guidelines for Drinking Water

EWG Health Guideline: 0.05 ppb

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.05 ppb for vinyl chloride was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. This health guideline protects against cancer.

EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL): 2 ppb

The legal limit for vinyl chloride, established in 1987, was based on analytical detection limits at the time that the standard was set. This limit may not fully protect against the risk of cancer due to vinyl chloride exposure.

ppb = parts per billion

All test results

Date Lab ID Result
2018-02-26906998ND
2018-02-26906999ND
2018-10-211064829ND
2018-10-211064830ND
2018-10-211064831ND
2019-02-251126128ND
2019-02-251126129ND
2019-02-251126130ND
2019-04-151138049ND
2019-07-161205463ND
2019-10-151259661ND
2020-01-271314670ND
2020-02-251330198ND
2020-02-251330199ND
2020-04-141357229ND
2020-07-141441598ND
2021-02-231778336ND
2021-02-231778337ND
2021-03-161796813ND
2021-08-171920544ND
2021-09-211964204ND
2021-11-162027744ND
2022-02-152194828ND
2022-05-242264135ND
2022-08-302346000ND
2022-09-202362177ND
2022-11-292404795ND
2023-02-272455978ND
2023-05-242506133ND
2023-08-302566144ND
2023-11-282615995ND