1,4-Dioxane
Sauk
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.600 ppb | 1 | 1 | 0.600 ppb |
| 2015 | 1.46 ppb | 1 | 1 | 1.46 ppb |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | 0.240 ppb | 2 | 1 | ND - 0.480 ppb |
| 2020 | 0.365 ppb | 2 | 1 | ND - 0.730 ppb |
| 2021 | 0.180 ppb | 4 | 1 | ND - 0.720 ppb |
| 2022 | ND | 3 | 0 | ND |
| 2023 | 0.403 ppb | 3 | 3 | 0.170 ppb - 0.530 ppb |
ppb = parts per billion
State, National, and Health Guidelines for Drinking Water
EWG Health Guideline: 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-08-18 | 26746501 | 0.600 ppb |
| 2015-02-24 | 28187801 | 1.46 ppb |
| 2019-08-13 | 46172401 | ND |
| 2019-11-04 | 1910F58-001 | 0.480 ppb |
| 2020-07-06 | 2007399-001A | ND |
| 2020-10-05 | 2010271-001A | 0.730 ppb |
| 2021-02-01 | 2102095-001A | 0.720 ppb |
| 2021-04-05 | 2104337-001A | ND |
| 2021-09-06 | 2109509-001A | ND |
| 2021-12-06 | 2112564-001A | ND |
| 2022-01-17 | 2201B57-001A | ND |
| 2022-04-18 | 2204E26-001A | ND |
| 2022-07-18 | 2207D35-001A | ND |
| 2023-01-10 | 2301589-001A | 0.170 ppb |
| 2023-08-08 | 2308716-001A | 0.510 ppb |
| 2023-10-24 | 2310J10-001A | 0.530 ppb |