Chromium (total)
Woodlands At Nuuanu
Chromium is a naturally occurring metal, but industrial uses can elevate its levels in water. One form, hexavalent chromium, causes cancer. Total chromium is not a good indicator of the amount of hexavalent chromium in drinking water.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 1.24 ppb | 7 | 6 | ND - 2.00 ppb |
| 2019 | 1.46 ppb | 5 | 5 | 1.000 ppb - 2.00 ppb |
| 2020 | 1.68 ppb | 61 | 59 | ND - 3.10 ppb |
| 2021 | 2.08 ppb | 8 | 8 | 1.20 ppb - 3.70 ppb |
| 2022 | 1.90 ppb | 13 | 12 | ND - 3.40 ppb |
| 2023 | 1.50 ppb | 55 | 45 | ND - 3.40 ppb |
ppb = parts per billion
State, National, and Health Guidelines for Drinking Water
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL): 100 ppb
The legal limit for total chromium, established in 1991, was based on a 1958 toxicity study in laboratory animals, and applies to both the less-toxic trivalent chromium and the more-toxic hexavalent chromium forms of this compound. This limit does not protect against the risk of cancer from ingestion of hexavalent chromium.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|