1,4-Dioxane
California American Water Company - Suburban
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.0155 ppb | 20 | 3 | ND - 0.130 ppb |
| 2015 | 0.00650 ppb | 20 | 1 | ND - 0.130 ppb |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | ND | 5 | 0 | ND |
| 2018 | ND | 2 | 0 | ND |
| 2019 | ND | 3 | 0 | ND |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-10-06 | 27147801 | ND |
| 2014-10-06 | 27147701 | ND |
| 2014-10-06 | 27147201 | ND |
| 2014-10-06 | 27148101 | ND |
| 2014-10-06 | 27148401 | ND |
| 2014-10-06 | 27313901 | ND |
| 2014-10-06 | 27484301 | ND |
| 2014-10-06 | 27313301 | ND |
| 2014-10-06 | 27147901 | ND |
| 2014-10-08 | 27147601 | ND |
| 2014-10-08 | 27147301 | 0.130 ppb |
| 2014-10-08 | 27148201 | ND |
| 2014-10-08 | 27147401 | ND |
| 2014-10-08 | 27313701 | 0.1000 ppb |
| 2014-10-08 | 27314201 | ND |
| 2014-10-15 | 27313601 | ND |
| 2014-10-15 | 27314001 | ND |
| 2014-10-15 | 27148301 | 0.0800 ppb |
| 2014-10-15 | 27314101 | ND |
| 2014-10-23 | 27313401 | ND |
| 2015-04-06 | 28698201 | ND |
| 2015-04-06 | 28698401 | ND |
| 2015-04-06 | 28698301 | ND |
| 2015-04-06 | 28698001 | ND |
| 2015-04-06 | 28697801 | ND |
| 2015-04-06 | 28697901 | ND |
| 2015-04-06 | 28698901 | ND |
| 2015-04-07 | 28699001 | ND |
| 2015-04-07 | 28699101 | ND |
| 2015-04-07 | 28697401 | ND |
| 2015-04-07 | 28697301 | 0.130 ppb |
| 2015-04-07 | 28697501 | ND |
| 2015-04-08 | 28698501 | ND |
| 2015-04-09 | 28697201 | ND |
| 2015-04-09 | 28699201 | ND |
| 2015-04-15 | 28698701 | ND |
| 2015-04-23 | 28697601 | ND |
| 2015-07-08 | 29299501 | ND |
| 2015-07-30 | 29268601 | ND |
| 2015-09-16 | 28698601 | ND |
| 2017-11-08 | 9590-007-0938 | ND |
| 2017-11-09 | 9590-001-0850 | ND |
| 2017-11-21 | 9590-062-0900 | ND |
| 2017-11-28 | 9590-005-0825 | ND |
| 2017-11-28 | 9590-018-0740 | ND |
| 2018-02-13 | 9590-012-0835 | ND |
| 2018-05-16 | 9590-014-0830 | ND |
| 2019-08-08 | 9590-020-0820 | ND |
| 2019-08-12 | 9590-015-0945 | ND |
| 2019-08-12 | 9590-050-1150 | ND |