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EWG's Tap Water Database — 2021 UPDATE

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1,4-Dioxane

City of Orange

1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.

Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.

Click here to read more about 1,4-dioxane.

MORE ABOUT THIS CONTAMINANT

 

121

Samples

0

Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)

8

Samples exceeding
health guidelines

Testing results - average by year

 
YearAverage resultSamples takenDetectionsRange of results
20130.0108 ppb121ND - 0.130 ppb
20140.175 ppb3922ND - 0.676 ppb
2015ND140ND
2016ND160ND
2017ND150ND
2018ND120ND
2019ND130ND

ppb = parts per billion

State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines

EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb

The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.

ppb = parts per billion

All test results

Date Lab ID Result
2013-03-043010027826ND
2013-03-053010027827ND
2013-03-063010027824ND
2013-06-103010027826-2ND
2013-06-103010027827-2ND
2013-06-113010027824-20.130 ppb
2013-09-033010027827-3ND
2013-09-033010027826-3ND
2013-09-043010027824-3ND
2013-12-093010027824-4ND
2013-12-093010027827-4ND
2013-12-093010027826-4ND
2014-03-124417-034-1155ND
2014-03-134417-004-0900ND
2014-03-134417-005-0915ND
2014-03-134417-008-1255ND
2014-03-134417-009-1230ND
2014-03-134417-015-1205ND
2014-03-134417-016-0830ND
2014-03-134417-018-1000ND
2014-03-134417-019-1130ND
2014-03-134417-020-1035ND
2014-03-134417-021-1115ND
2014-03-134417-022-1050ND
2014-03-134417-023-0930ND
2014-03-244417-003-0925ND
2014-05-133010027803-10.196 ppb
2014-05-133010027817-1ND
2014-05-133010027804-10.160 ppb
2014-05-133010027805-10.484 ppb
2014-05-133010027816-1ND
2014-05-143010027802-10.195 ppb
2014-05-143010027825-10.238 ppb
2014-05-143010027806-10.440 ppb
2014-05-143010027808-10.149 ppb
2014-05-143010027813-10.350 ppb
2014-05-143010027809-10.305 ppb
2014-05-143010027812-10.558 ppb
2014-10-13141003760.194 ppb
2014-10-13141003720.245 ppb
2014-10-13141003740.143 ppb
2014-10-13141003750.408 ppb
2014-10-13141003730.310 ppb
2014-10-13141003700.357 ppb
2014-10-13141003710.676 ppb
2014-10-14141004280.217 ppb
2014-10-1414100429ND
2014-10-14141004270.144 ppb
2014-10-14141004260.469 ppb
2014-10-14141004310.220 ppb
2014-10-14141004300.368 ppb
2015-03-254417-017-1110ND
2015-03-304417-005-1105ND
2015-03-304417-009-1215ND
2015-03-304417-018-1245ND
2015-03-304417-019-1035ND
2015-03-304417-021-1145ND
2015-03-304417-022-1130ND
2015-03-304417-023-1115ND
2015-04-284417-003-0835ND
2015-04-284417-008-1105ND
2015-04-284417-015-1025ND
2015-04-284417-016-0930ND
2015-06-174417-034-1100ND
2015-09-284417-020-1000ND
2016-01-194417-016-0910ND
2016-01-264417-009-0925ND
2016-01-264417-017-1145ND
2016-01-264417-018-1030ND
2016-01-264417-019-1220ND
2016-01-264417-023-1055ND
2016-03-024417-021-1130ND
2016-04-144417-003-1150ND
2016-04-144417-008-1005ND
2016-04-144417-015-1110ND
2016-04-144417-020-1040ND
2016-04-254417-016-1045ND
2016-04-254417-034-1000ND
2016-07-274417-049-0850ND
2016-10-064417-049-1030ND
2016-12-134417-022-1015ND
2017-01-114417-009-1130ND
2017-01-114417-017-1145ND
2017-01-114417-018-0840ND
2017-01-114417-019-1110ND
2017-01-114417-021-1050ND
2017-01-114417-022-1020ND
2017-01-114417-023-1000ND
2017-01-114417-049-0920ND
2017-01-164417-003-1120ND
2017-01-164417-008-1050ND
2017-01-164417-020-1005ND
2017-04-054417-049-0950ND
2017-04-254417-016-0840ND
2017-05-184417-016-0855ND
2017-05-184417-034-0820ND
2018-03-064417-008-1245ND
2018-03-064417-009-1220ND
2018-03-064417-017-1115ND
2018-05-094417-018-0940ND
2018-05-094417-019-1255ND
2018-05-094417-020-1120ND
2018-05-094417-022-1150ND
2018-05-094417-023-1035ND
2018-05-094417-034-0910ND
2018-05-094417-049-1050ND
2018-05-174417-016-0830ND
2018-12-204417-021-0820ND
2019-01-144417-008-1035ND
2019-01-144417-009-0950ND
2019-01-144417-019-0915ND
2019-01-144417-023-0840ND
2019-04-224417-016-0910ND
2019-04-224417-021-1010ND
2019-04-224417-034-1200ND
2019-04-224417-049-0935ND
2019-04-234417-017-1135ND
2019-05-154417-017-1030ND
2019-05-154417-022-1145ND
2019-06-184417-020-0940ND
2019-11-054417-018-1135ND