1,4-Dioxane
Glendale Water Department
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.0629 ppb | 7 | 2 | ND - 0.310 ppb |
| 2015 | 0.0808 ppb | 13 | 5 | ND - 0.300 ppb |
| 2016 | ND | 6 | 0 | ND |
| 2017 | ND | 5 | 0 | ND |
| 2018 | 0.183 ppb | 6 | 1 | ND - 1.10 ppb |
| 2019 | ND | 5 | 0 | ND |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-02-12 | 9590-069-1048 | ND |
| 2014-04-09 | 9590-069-1040 | ND |
| 2014-06-11 | 9590-069-0933 | ND |
| 2014-09-10 | 9590-069-0847 | ND |
| 2014-10-20 | 201410200329AM | ND |
| 2014-10-20 | 201410200337AM | 0.310 ppb |
| 2014-10-21 | 201410210424AM | 0.130 ppb |
| 2015-01-06 | 201501060846AM | 0.120 ppb |
| 2015-01-14 | 9590-069-0941 | ND |
| 2015-03-09 | 9590-069-0927 | ND |
| 2015-04-20 | 201504200148AM | ND |
| 2015-04-20 | 201504200152AM | 0.120 ppb |
| 2015-04-20 | 201504200156AM | 0.300 ppb |
| 2015-04-27 | 201504270136AM | 0.240 ppb |
| 2015-05-13 | 9590-069-0837 | ND |
| 2015-07-15 | 9590-069-0957 | ND |
| 2015-09-08 | 9590-069-1011 | ND |
| 2015-10-14 | 9590-069-0903 | ND |
| 2015-10-15 | 201510150093AM | 0.270 ppb |
| 2015-11-10 | 9590-069-0715 | ND |
| 2016-01-13 | 9590-069-0931 | ND |
| 2016-03-09 | 9590-069-0927 | ND |
| 2016-05-11 | 9590-069-0901 | ND |
| 2016-07-13 | 9590-069-1017 | ND |
| 2016-09-14 | 9590-069-1051 | ND |
| 2016-11-10 | 9590-069-1057 | ND |
| 2017-01-12 | 9588-069-1003 | ND |
| 2017-04-13 | 9588-069-1017 | ND |
| 2017-06-12 | 9588-069-0847 | ND |
| 2017-08-10 | 9588-069-0921 | ND |
| 2017-12-15 | 9588-069-0823 | ND |
| 2018-01-09 | 9588-069-1047 | 1.10 ppb |
| 2018-03-12 | 9588-069-1033 | ND |
| 2018-06-14 | 9590-069-1041 | ND |
| 2018-08-16 | 9590-069-0801 | ND |
| 2018-10-10 | 9590-069-0931 | ND |
| 2018-12-12 | 9590-069-1153 | ND |
| 2019-03-11 | 9590-069-1033 | ND |
| 2019-05-15 | 9590-069-1331 | ND |
| 2019-07-08 | 9590-069-1021 | ND |
| 2019-09-09 | 9590-069-0923 | ND |
| 2019-11-14 | 9590-069-0941 | ND |