1,4-Dioxane
California Water Service Company - Dominguez
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | ND | 30 | 0 | ND |
| 2015 | ND | 5 | 0 | ND |
| 2016 | ND | 2 | 0 | ND |
| 2017 | ND | 1 | 0 | ND |
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | ND | 1 | 0 | ND |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-04-02 | 201404030216AM | ND |
| 2014-04-02 | 201404030191AM | ND |
| 2014-04-02 | 201404030200AM | ND |
| 2014-04-09 | 201404100050AM | ND |
| 2014-04-09 | 201404100022AM | ND |
| 2014-04-09 | 201404100040AM | ND |
| 2014-04-16 | 201404161007AM | ND |
| 2014-04-16 | 201404161016AM | ND |
| 2014-04-16 | 201404161018AM | ND |
| 2014-07-09 | 201407100243AM | ND |
| 2014-07-16 | 201407160952AM | ND |
| 2014-07-16 | 201407160936AM | ND |
| 2014-07-17 | 201407170901AM | ND |
| 2014-07-17 | 201407170892AM | ND |
| 2014-09-03 | 9590-050-1435 | ND |
| 2014-09-03 | 9590-004-1135 | ND |
| 2014-09-04 | 9590-036-1105 | ND |
| 2014-09-04 | 9590-024-1020 | ND |
| 2014-09-04 | 9590-023-1357 | ND |
| 2014-09-04 | 9590-019-0940 | ND |
| 2014-09-04 | 9590-018-1334 | ND |
| 2014-09-24 | 9590-016-1424 | ND |
| 2014-10-01 | 201410010697AM | ND |
| 2014-10-01 | 201410010676AM | ND |
| 2014-10-15 | 201410160154AM | ND |
| 2014-10-15 | 201410160130AM | ND |
| 2014-10-15 | 201410160145AM | ND |
| 2014-10-22 | 201410220558AM | ND |
| 2014-10-22 | 201410220544AM | ND |
| 2014-10-31 | 201410310233AM | ND |
| 2015-01-07 | 201501070703AM | ND |
| 2015-01-07 | 201501080021AM | ND |
| 2015-01-08 | 201501080797AM | ND |
| 2015-01-14 | 201501141021AM | ND |
| 2015-01-14 | 201501141134AM | ND |
| 2016-03-23 | 9590-018-1340 | ND |
| 2016-12-28 | 9590-019-0930 | ND |
| 2017-03-08 | 9590-019-1430 | ND |
| 2019-02-21 | 9590-065-1345 | ND |