1,4-Dioxane
South Alabama Utilities Water System
1,4-Dioxane is a solvent classified by the EPA as a likely human carcinogen. It contaminates groundwater in many states due to industrial wastewater discharges, plastic manufacturing runoff and landfill runoff. Read More.
Animal studies show that 1,4-dioxane can target the liver, kidneys and respiratory system, and that prenatal exposure can harm the developing fetus. The State of California has set a Public Heatlh Goal of no more than 1 part per billion of 1,4-dioxane in drinking water. The state of Massachusetts sets a legal limit of 0.3 ppb, and New Hampshire's limit is 3 parts per billion. There is no national drinking water standard for this contaminant.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | ND | 16 | 0 | ND |
| 2014 | ND | 16 | 0 | ND |
| 2015 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2016 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2017 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2018 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
| 2019 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.35 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.35 ppb for 1,4-dioxane was defined by the Environmental Protection Agency as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2013-09-09 | 2896117 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896196 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896288 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896155 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896164 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2895973 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2893751 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896262 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896218 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896233 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896178 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2893694 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896187 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896275 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2895958 | ND |
| 2013-09-09 | 2896247 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994453 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994783 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2995749 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994629 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994661 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994875 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994683 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994651 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994810 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994984 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2996007 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994620 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994792 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994801 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2994975 | ND |
| 2014-03-17 | 2996202 | ND |