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HOW WE DETERMINE SCORES Learn more About EWG VERIFIED™

Data: Limited

D Limonene

IMAGE SOURCE: PubChem

SEARCH PRODUCTS

Other Concerns

Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Ecotoxicology (low), and Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (high)

SYNONYMS

● D-LIMONENE

Restricted

Restricted: EWG VERIFIED products cannot contain this ingredient without adequate substantiation

Common concerns

See how this product scores for common concerns.

  • LOW
    Cancer
  • HIGH
    Allergies & Immunotoxicity
  • LOW
    Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
  • LOW
    Use Restrictions

Ingredient concerns

  • CONCERNS
  • DATA SOURCES

Products with this Ingredient

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hair treatment/serum19 products
eye shadow18 products
facial moisturizer/treatment14 products
conditioner14 products
moisturizer9 products
shampoo9 products
hair styling aide9 products
foundation8 products
facial cleanser6 products
mask6 products
bar soap5 products
toothpaste5 products
lipstick5 products
body wash/cleanser4 products
lip balm4 products
exfoliant/scrub3 products
beard care3 products
after shave3 products
antiperspirant/deodorant3 products
styling gel/lotion3 products
serums & essences2 products
around-eye cream2 products
bronzer/highlighter2 products
body oil2 products
tooth whitening2 products
hair relaxer2 products
hair spray2 products
liquid hand soap2 products
polish remover1 products
toners/astringents1 products
antiperspirant/deodorant (men's)1 products
fragrance for women1 products
daily use with SPF1 products
lip balm with SPF1 products
mouthwash1 products
shaving cream1 products
fragrance for men1 products
foot moisturizer1 products
detangler1 products

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Classified as any irritantOpen scientific literature

Allergies/immunotoxicity

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Known human any toxicant or allergenOpen scientific literature
Possible human any toxicant or allergenOpen scientific literature
Human any toxicant or allergen - strong evidenceOpen scientific literature
Limited evidence of any toxicity or allergiesOpen scientific literature
Limited evidence of any toxicity or allergiesOpen scientific literature

Persistence and bioaccumulation

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlifeOpen scientific literature
Not suspected to be persistentOpen scientific literature
Not suspected to be bioaccumulativeOpen scientific literature

Developmental/reproductive toxicity

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CONCERN REFERENCE
One or more animal studies show any effects at high dosesOpen scientific literature

Ecotoxicology

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Wildlife and environmental toxicityOpen scientific literature
Suspected to be an environmental toxinOpen scientific literature

Miscellaneous

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Occupational hazards related to handlingOpen scientific literature

Cancer

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Limited or incomplete evidence of cancer according to safety/hazard data – government assessment cannot classify as human carcinogen due to data gapsOpen scientific literature
Not likely to be carcinogenic in humansOpen scientific literature

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmfulOpen scientific literature

Multiple, additive exposure sources

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in foodOpen scientific literature

Use restrictions

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Restricted in cosmetics - labeling requirement for allergensCosIng
  • Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
  • European Commission. 2013. Cosing, the European Commission database with information on cosmetic substances and ingredients. Accessed on March 1, 2013 at http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/ .

Understanding scores

Cosmetics and personal care products are not required to be tested for safety before being allowed on the market. The Skin Deep® scoring system was designed to help the public understand whether a product is safe to use or whether it contains ingredients of concern.

Every product and ingredient in Skin Deep gets a two-part score – one for hazard and one for data availability. The safest products score well by both measures, with a low hazard rating and a fair or better data availability rating.

HOW WE DETERMINE SCORES

Hazard score

The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG VERIFIED™ mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.

Score legend
WEIGHT-OF-EVIDENCE APPROACH

A product’s hazard score is not an average of the ingredients’ hazard scores. It is calculated using a weight-of-evidence approach that factors in all of the hazards or health impacts associated with the ingredients.

Data availability

The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature.

NONE LIMITED FAIR GOOD ROBUST
Low Availability
Moderate Availability
High Availability
NONE

Ingredients have not been assessed.

LIMITED-FAIR

There is only a modest volume of research.

GOOD-ROBUST

Ingredients have been studied extensively.

Can’t find your product?

Enter the ingredients in EWG’s Build Your Own Report tool to get an approximate score for that product.

BUILD YOUR OWN REPORT

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