Titanium Dioxide
- †This ingredient’s score is higher if used in products that are inhalable (e.g., sprays, powders) because of respiratory concerns.
Other Concerns
Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate) and Occupational hazards (high)SYNONYMS
1385RN 59, 1700 WHITE, 234DA, 500HD, 63B1 WHITE, A 200 (PIGMENT), A 330 (PIGMENT), A-FIL, A-FIL CREAM, A-FN 3, AEROLYST 7710, AEROSIL P 25, AEROSIL P 25S6, AEROSIL P 27, AEROSIL T 805, AI3-01334, AK 15 (PIGMENT), AMORPHOUS TITANIUM DIOXIDE, AMPERIT 780.0, AMT 100, AMT 600, ATLAS WHITE TITANIUM DIOXIDE, AUF 0015S, AUSTIOX R-CR 3, B 101 (PIGMENT), BAYER R-FD 1, BAYERTITAN A, BAYERTITAN AN 3, BAYERTITAN R-FD 1, BAYERTITAN R-FK 21, BAYERTITAN R-FK-D, BAYERTITAN R-KB 2, BAYERTITAN R-KB 3, BAYERTITAN R-KB 4, BAYERTITAN R-KB 5, BAYERTITAN R-KB 6, BAYERTITAN R-U 2, BAYERTITAN R-U-F, BAYERTITAN R-V-SE 20, BAYERTITAN T, BISTRATER L-NSC 200C, BLEND WHITE 9202, BR 29-7-2, BROOKITE, C 97 (OXIDE), C-WEISS 7, C.I. 77891, C.I. PIGMENT WHITE 6, CAB-O-TI, CALCOTONE WHITE T, CCRIS 590, CG-T, CI 77891, CI PIGMENT WHITE 6, CL 310, COSMETIC HYDROPHOBIC TIO2 9428, COSMETIC MICRO BLEND TIO2 9228, COSMETIC WHITE C47-5175, COSMETIC WHITE C47-9623, E 171, EINECS 236-675-5, FLAMENCO, HOMBITAN, HOMBITAN R 101D, HOMBITAN R 610K, HORSE HEAD A-410, HORSE HEAD A-420, HORSE HEAD R-710, HSDB 869, KH 360, KRONOS, KRONOS 2073, KRONOS CL 220, KRONOS RN 40P, KRONOS RN 56, KRONOS TITANIUM DIOXIDE, LEVANOX WHITE RKB, MICRO PARTICLE TITANIUM DIOXIDE, NCI-C04240, NCI-C0424O, NSC 15204, ORGASOL 1002D WHITE 10 EXTRA COS, P 25 (OXIDE), PIGMENT WHITE 6, R 680, RAYOX, RO 2, RUNA ARH 20, RUNA ARH 200, RUNA RH20, RUTIOX CR, TI-PURE, TI-PURE R 900, TI-PURE R 901, TICHLOR, TIN DIOXIDE DUST, TIO2, TIOFINE, TIONA T.D., TIONA TD, TIOXIDE, TIOXIDE A-DM, TIOXIDE AD-M, TIOXIDE R XL, TIOXIDE R-CR, TIOXIDE R-SM, TIOXIDE R.XL, TIOXIDE RHD, TIOXIDE RSM, TIPAQUE, TIPAQUE R 820, TITAFRANCE, TITAN WHITE, TITANDIOXID, TITANDIOXID (SWEDEN), TITANIA, TITANIC ANHYDRIDE, TITANIC OXIDE, TITANIUM DIOXIDE, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), TITANIUM DIOXIDE SOL, TITANIUM DIOXIDE; TITANIUM DIOXIDE, TITANIUM OXIDE, TITANIUM OXIDE (TIO2), TITANIUM OXIDE (VAN), TITANIUM PEROXIDE, TITANIUM PEROXIDE (TIO2), TITANIUM WHITE, TITANIUM(IV) OXIDE, TITANOX, TITANOX 2010, TITANOX RANC, TRIOXIDE(S), TRONOX, UNITANE, UNITANE 0-110, UNITANE 0-220, UNITANE O-110, UNITANE O-220, UNITANE OR 450, UNITANE OR 650, UNITANE OR-150, UNITANE OR-340, UNITANE OR-342, UNITANE OR-350, UNITANE OR-540, UNITANE OR-640, UNIWHITE AO, UNIWHITE KO, UNIWHITE OR 450, UNIWHITE OR 650, ZOPAQUE, and ZOPAQUE LDCTitanium dioxide is an inorganic compound used in a range of body care products such as sunscreens and makeup. It appears to have low skin penetration but inhalation is a concern.
Common concerns
See how this product scores for common concerns.
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MODERATECancer
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LOWAllergies & Immunotoxicity
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LOWDevelopmental and Reingredientive Toxicity
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LOWUse Restrictions
Ingredient concerns
- CONCERNS
- DATA SOURCES
Products with this Ingredient
foundation | 3418 products |
lipstick | 2982 products |
eye shadow | 2001 products |
concealer | 1401 products |
lip gloss | 1177 products |
bronzer/highlighter | 909 products |
blush | 833 products |
brow liner | 761 products |
eye liner | 708 products |
nail polish | 656 products |
lip balm | 529 products |
lip liner | 460 products |
bar soap | 362 products |
toothpaste | 314 products |
facial powder | 313 products |
mask | 286 products |
mascara | 223 products |
makeup primer | 219 products |
facial moisturizer/treatment | 200 products |
moisturizer | 147 products |
setting powder/spray | 147 products |
shampoo | 134 products |
exfoliant/scrub | 132 products |
daily use with SPF | 128 products |
hair color and bleaching | 119 products |
CC cream | 118 products |
BB cream | 113 products |
around-eye cream | 106 products |
lip plumper | 102 products |
body wash/cleanser | 99 products |
facial cleanser | 98 products |
90 products | |
serums & essences | 85 products |
glitter | 72 products |
bath oil/salts/soak | 54 products |
lip balm with SPF | 43 products |
hair styling aide | 41 products |
shaving cream | 39 products |
conditioner | 36 products |
body oil | 34 products |
recreational sunscreen | 32 products |
anti-aging | 28 products |
hand cream | 25 products |
styling gel/lotion | 22 products |
tooth whitening | 20 products |
sunless tanning | 20 products |
hair treatment/serum | 18 products |
baby lotion | 14 products |
pore strips | 13 products |
body firming lotion | 13 products |
nail treatment | 12 products |
baby soap | 10 products |
body powder | 9 products |
skin fading/lightener | 9 products |
shaving cream (men's) | 7 products |
liquid hand soap | 7 products |
antiperspirant/deodorant | 7 products |
bubble bath | 7 products |
toners/astringents | 6 products |
mouthwash | 5 products |
makeup remover | 5 products |
hand sanitizer | 5 products |
body spray | 5 products |
oil controller | 4 products |
body art | 4 products |
nail glue | 4 products |
baby shampoo | 4 products |
hair removal waxes | 3 products |
baby toothpaste | 3 products |
baby sunscreen | 3 products |
damaged skin treatment | 3 products |
depilatory | 2 products |
hair spray | 2 products |
styling mousse/foam | 2 products |
foot cleansing | 2 products |
baby oil | 1 products |
after sun product | 1 products |
cuticle treatment | 1 products |
detangler | 1 products |
hair relaxer | 1 products |
foot moisturizer | 1 products |
muscle/joint soreness | 1 products |
fragrance for men | 1 products |
baby bubble bath | 1 products |
beard care | 1 products |
Occupational hazards
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
Cancer
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Possible human carcinogen | Open scientific literature |
Limited evidence of carcinogenicity | NIOSH Occupational Carcinogens |
Limited evidence of carcinogenicity | Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Classified as medium human health priority | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Decreased skin absorption
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
No absorption into intact skin | Open scientific literature |
Multiple, additive exposure sources
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | FDA Everything Added to Food |
Informational
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmetics | FDA Color Additive Status |
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives - Exempt from Batch Certification by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration | CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook |
Ecotoxicology
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Data gaps
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
21244 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical | NLM PubMed |
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents.
- Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
- NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health). 2006. NIOSH Carcinogens List (Potential occupational carcinogens). http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npotocca.html.
- IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures).
- EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
- CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
Understanding scores
Cosmetics and personal care products are not required to be tested for safety before being allowed on the market. The Skin Deep® scoring system was designed to help the public understand whether a product is safe to use or whether it contains ingredients of concern.
Every product and ingredient in Skin Deep gets a two-part score – one for hazard and one for data availability. The safest products score well by both measures, with a low hazard rating and a fair or better data availability rating.
HOW WE DETERMINE SCORESHazard score
The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG VERIFIED™ mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.
Data availability
The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature.