EWG Skin Deep® | What is TITANIUM DIOXIDE

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Data: Good

Titanium Dioxide

^†This ingredient’s score is higher if used in products that are inhalable (e.g., sprays, powders) because of respiratory concerns.

IMAGE SOURCE: PubChem

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Other Concerns

Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate) and Occupational hazards (high)

SYNONYMS

1385RN 59, 1700 WHITE, 234DA, 500HD, 63B1 WHITE, A 200 (PIGMENT), A 330 (PIGMENT), A-FIL, A-FIL CREAM, A-FN 3, AEROLYST 7710, AEROSIL P 25, AEROSIL P 25S6, AEROSIL P 27, AEROSIL T 805, AI3-01334, AK 15 (PIGMENT), AMORPHOUS TITANIUM DIOXIDE, AMPERIT 780.0, AMT 100, AMT 600, ATLAS WHITE TITANIUM DIOXIDE, AUF 0015S, AUSTIOX R-CR 3, B 101 (PIGMENT), BAYER R-FD 1, BAYERTITAN A, BAYERTITAN AN 3, BAYERTITAN R-FD 1, BAYERTITAN R-FK 21, BAYERTITAN R-FK-D, BAYERTITAN R-KB 2, BAYERTITAN R-KB 3, BAYERTITAN R-KB 4, BAYERTITAN R-KB 5, BAYERTITAN R-KB 6, BAYERTITAN R-U 2, BAYERTITAN R-U-F, BAYERTITAN R-V-SE 20, BAYERTITAN T, BISTRATER L-NSC 200C, BLEND WHITE 9202, BR 29-7-2, BROOKITE, C 97 (OXIDE), C-WEISS 7, C.I. 77891, C.I. PIGMENT WHITE 6, CAB-O-TI, CALCOTONE WHITE T, CCRIS 590, CG-T, CI 77891, CI PIGMENT WHITE 6, CL 310, COSMETIC HYDROPHOBIC TIO2 9428, COSMETIC MICRO BLEND TIO2 9228, COSMETIC WHITE C47-5175, COSMETIC WHITE C47-9623, E 171, EINECS 236-675-5, FLAMENCO, HOMBITAN, HOMBITAN R 101D, HOMBITAN R 610K, HORSE HEAD A-410, HORSE HEAD A-420, HORSE HEAD R-710, HSDB 869, KH 360, KRONOS, KRONOS 2073, KRONOS CL 220, KRONOS RN 40P, KRONOS RN 56, KRONOS TITANIUM DIOXIDE, LEVANOX WHITE RKB, MICRO PARTICLE TITANIUM DIOXIDE, NCI-C04240, NCI-C0424O, NSC 15204, ORGASOL 1002D WHITE 10 EXTRA COS, P 25 (OXIDE), PIGMENT WHITE 6, R 680, RAYOX, RO 2, RUNA ARH 20, RUNA ARH 200, RUNA RH20, RUTIOX CR, TI-PURE, TI-PURE R 900, TI-PURE R 901, TICHLOR, TIN DIOXIDE DUST, TIO2, TIOFINE, TIONA T.D., TIONA TD, TIOXIDE, TIOXIDE A-DM, TIOXIDE AD-M, TIOXIDE R XL, TIOXIDE R-CR, TIOXIDE R-SM, TIOXIDE R.XL, TIOXIDE RHD, TIOXIDE RSM, TIPAQUE, TIPAQUE R 820, TITAFRANCE, TITAN WHITE, TITANDIOXID, TITANDIOXID (SWEDEN), TITANIA, TITANIC ANHYDRIDE, TITANIC OXIDE, TITANIUM DIOXIDE, TITANIUM DIOXIDE (NON-NANO), TITANIUM DIOXIDE SOL, TITANIUM DIOXIDE; TITANIUM DIOXIDE, TITANIUM OXIDE, TITANIUM OXIDE (TIO2), TITANIUM OXIDE (VAN), TITANIUM PEROXIDE, TITANIUM PEROXIDE (TIO2), TITANIUM WHITE, TITANIUM(IV) OXIDE, TITANOX, TITANOX 2010, TITANOX RANC, TRIOXIDE(S), TRONOX, UNITANE, UNITANE 0-110, UNITANE 0-220, UNITANE O-110, UNITANE O-220, UNITANE OR 450, UNITANE OR 650, UNITANE OR-150, UNITANE OR-340, UNITANE OR-342, UNITANE OR-350, UNITANE OR-540, UNITANE OR-640, UNIWHITE AO, UNIWHITE KO, UNIWHITE OR 450, UNIWHITE OR 650, ZOPAQUE, and ZOPAQUE LDC

Titanium dioxide is an inorganic compound used in a range of body care products such as sunscreens and makeup. It appears to have low skin penetration but inhalation is a concern.

Common concerns

See how this product scores for common concerns.

MODERATE

Cancer
LOW

Allergies & Immunotoxicity
LOW

Developmental and Reingredientive Toxicity
LOW

Use Restrictions

Ingredient concerns

CONCERNS
DATA SOURCES

Products with this Ingredient

foundation	3418 products
lipstick	2982 products
eye shadow	2001 products
concealer	1401 products
lip gloss	1177 products
bronzer/highlighter	909 products
blush	833 products
brow liner	761 products
eye liner	708 products
nail polish	656 products
lip balm	529 products
lip liner	460 products
bar soap	362 products
toothpaste	314 products
facial powder	313 products
mask	286 products
mascara	223 products
makeup primer	219 products
facial moisturizer/treatment	200 products
moisturizer	147 products
setting powder/spray	147 products
shampoo	134 products
exfoliant/scrub	132 products
daily use with SPF	128 products
hair color and bleaching	119 products
CC cream	118 products
BB cream	113 products
around-eye cream	106 products
lip plumper	102 products
body wash/cleanser	99 products
facial cleanser	98 products
	90 products
serums & essences	85 products
glitter	72 products
bath oil/salts/soak	54 products
lip balm with SPF	43 products
hair styling aide	41 products
shaving cream	39 products
conditioner	36 products
body oil	34 products
recreational sunscreen	32 products
anti-aging	28 products
hand cream	25 products
styling gel/lotion	22 products
tooth whitening	20 products
sunless tanning	20 products
hair treatment/serum	18 products
baby lotion	14 products
pore strips	13 products
body firming lotion	13 products
nail treatment	12 products
baby soap	10 products
body powder	9 products
skin fading/lightener	9 products
shaving cream (men's)	7 products
liquid hand soap	7 products
antiperspirant/deodorant	7 products
bubble bath	7 products
toners/astringents	6 products
mouthwash	5 products
makeup remover	5 products
hand sanitizer	5 products
body spray	5 products
oil controller	4 products
body art	4 products
nail glue	4 products
baby shampoo	4 products
hair removal waxes	3 products
baby toothpaste	3 products
baby sunscreen	3 products
damaged skin treatment	3 products
depilatory	2 products
hair spray	2 products
styling mousse/foam	2 products
foot cleansing	2 products
baby oil	1 products
after sun product	1 products
cuticle treatment	1 products
detangler	1 products
hair relaxer	1 products
foot moisturizer	1 products
muscle/joint soreness	1 products
fragrance for men	1 products
baby bubble bath	1 products
beard care	1 products

Occupational hazards

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses	National Library of Medicine HazMap

Cancer

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Possible human carcinogen	Open scientific literature
Limited evidence of carcinogenicity	NIOSH Occupational Carcinogens
Limited evidence of carcinogenicity	Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful	Environment Canada Domestic Substance List
Classified as medium human health priority	Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Decreased skin absorption

CONCERN	REFERENCE
No absorption into intact skin	Open scientific literature

Multiple, additive exposure sources

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food	FDA Everything Added to Food

Informational

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmetics	FDA Color Additive Status
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives - Exempt from Batch Certification by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration	CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook

Ecotoxicology

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin	Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Persistence and bioaccumulation

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative	Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Data gaps

CONCERN	REFERENCE
21244 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical	NLM PubMed

NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents.
Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health). 2006. NIOSH Carcinogens List (Potential occupational carcinogens). http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npotocca.html.
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures).
EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.

Understanding scores

Cosmetics and personal care products are not required to be tested for safety before being allowed on the market. The Skin Deep® scoring system was designed to help the public understand whether a product is safe to use or whether it contains ingredients of concern.

Every product and ingredient in Skin Deep gets a two-part score – one for hazard and one for data availability. The safest products score well by both measures, with a low hazard rating and a fair or better data availability rating.

HOW WE DETERMINE SCORES

Hazard score

The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG VERIFIED™ mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.

Data availability

The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature.

NONE LIMITED FAIR GOOD ROBUST

Low Availability

Moderate Availability

High Availability