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IRON OXIDES
Score:
Data: Fair
- Other Concerns
- Functions
- About the Chemical
- Synonyms
-
Enhanced skin absorption, Persistence and bioaccumulation (high), and Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (low)
Cancer 
Cancer: Ingredients linked to cancer in government, industry or academic studies or assessments.
Developmental & Reproductive Toxicity
Developmental and reproductive toxicity: Ingredients linked to developmental and reproductive toxicity, a broad class of health effects that range from infertility and reproductive organ cancers to birth defects and developmental delays in children.
Allergies & Immunotoxicity
Allergies and immunotoxicity: Ingredients linked to harm to the immune system, a class of health problems that manifest as allergic reactions or an impaired capacity to fight disease and repair damaged tissue in the body.
Products with this Ingredient
| lipstick | 7528 products |
| foundation | 7458 products |
| eye shadow | 3857 products |
| concealer | 3743 products |
| lip gloss | 2335 products |
| brow liner | 2268 products |
| eye liner | 2218 products |
| bronzer/highlighter | 1890 products |
| blush | 1793 products |
| lip liner | 1273 products |
| facial powder | 1117 products |
| mascara | 1101 products |
| lip balm | 966 products |
| nail polish | 861 products |
| daily use with SPF | 520 products |
| makeup primer | 329 products |
| setting powder/spray | 329 products |
| CC cream | 319 products |
| BB cream | 287 products |
| mask | 212 products |
| 188 products | |
| hair color and bleaching | 170 products |
| bar soap | 164 products |
| lip plumper | 164 products |
| recreational sunscreen | 142 products |
| facial moisturizer/treatment | 115 products |
| lip balm with SPF | 113 products |
| exfoliant/scrub | 106 products |
| around-eye cream | 95 products |
| shampoo | 81 products |
| serums & essences | 78 products |
| glitter | 65 products |
| body wash/cleanser | 56 products |
| facial cleanser | 54 products |
| bath oil/salts/soak | 50 products |
| moisturizer | 44 products |
| anti-aging | 32 products |
| hair styling aide | 29 products |
| body oil | 24 products |
| sunless tanning | 22 products |
| conditioner | 13 products |
| other eye makeup | 9 products |
| nail treatment | 8 products |
| hair treatment/serum | 8 products |
| skin fading/lightener | 7 products |
| eyelash glue | 7 products |
| styling gel/lotion | 6 products |
| pore strips | 6 products |
| bubble bath | 6 products |
| oil controller | 5 products |
| body firming lotion | 5 products |
| makeup remover | 5 products |
| body art | 5 products |
| hair spray | 4 products |
| toners/astringents | 4 products |
| body spray | 4 products |
| fragrance for men | 4 products |
| liquid hand soap | 3 products |
| depilatory | 3 products |
| body powder | 3 products |
| hand sanitizer | 3 products |
| muscle/joint soreness | 3 products |
| baby sunscreen | 3 products |
| foot cleansing | 2 products |
| styling mousse/foam | 2 products |
| nail glue | 2 products |
| toothpaste | 1 products |
| hand cream | 1 products |
| hair-loss treatment | 1 products |
| shaving cream | 1 products |
| tanning oil | 1 products |
| damaged skin treatment | 1 products |
| after shave | 1 products |
| antiperspirant/deodorant | 1 products |
| shaving cream (men's) | 1 products |
Enhanced skin absorption
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Suspected nano-scale ingredients with potential to absorb into the skin | Nanomaterial Database |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife and humans | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Limited evidence of respiratory toxicity | Scorecard.org Toxicity Information |
| Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Classified as a low human health priority | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Ecotoxicology
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Multiple, additive exposure sources
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | FDA Everything Added to Food |
Data gaps
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| 9326 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical | NLM PubMed |
Informational
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives - Exempt from Batch Certification by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration | CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook |
| Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmetics | FDA Color Additive Status |
Cancer
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Limited or incomplete evidence of cancer according to safety/hazard data – government assessment cannot classify as human carcinogen due to data gaps | Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens |
Data Sources
- NanoWerk. 2007. Nanomaterial Database. Available online: http://www.nanowerk.com/phpscripts/n_dbsearch.php
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents.
- EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
- ED (Environmental Defense). 2006. Scorecard _ The Pollution Information Site. http://www.scorecard.org.
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
- CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
- IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures).
ABOUT THE SKIN DEEP® RATINGS
EWG provides information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings below indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors which determine actual health risks, if any. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer
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