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IRON OXIDES
Score:
Data: Fair
- Other Concerns
- Functions
- About the Chemical
- Synonyms
-
Enhanced skin absorption, Persistence and bioaccumulation (high), and Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (low)
Cancer 
Cancer: Ingredients linked to cancer in government, industry or academic studies or assessments.
Developmental & Reproductive Toxicity
Developmental and reproductive toxicity: Ingredients linked to developmental and reproductive toxicity, a broad class of health effects that range from infertility and reproductive organ cancers to birth defects and developmental delays in children.
Allergies & Immunotoxicity
Allergies and immunotoxicity: Ingredients linked to harm to the immune system, a class of health problems that manifest as allergic reactions or an impaired capacity to fight disease and repair damaged tissue in the body.
Products with this Ingredient
| lipstick | 5551 products |
| foundation | 5332 products |
| eye shadow | 3051 products |
| concealer | 2167 products |
| bronzer/highlighter | 1469 products |
| eye liner | 1392 products |
| lip gloss | 1268 products |
| blush | 1259 products |
| brow liner | 1148 products |
| facial powder | 821 products |
| lip liner | 809 products |
| mascara | 663 products |
| nail polish | 379 products |
| moisturizer with SPF | 373 products |
| lip balm | 342 products |
| makeup primer | 269 products |
| BB cream | 165 products |
| 126 products | |
| mask | 118 products |
| beach & sport sunscreen | 105 products |
| CC cream | 100 products |
| hair color and bleaching | 92 products |
| facial moisturizer/treatment | 75 products |
| lip plumper | 73 products |
| bar soap | 68 products |
| serums & essences | 63 products |
| other eye makeup | 55 products |
| exfoliant/scrub | 54 products |
| glitter | 46 products |
| lip balm with SPF | 45 products |
| facial cleanser | 37 products |
| shampoo | 37 products |
| body wash/cleanser | 37 products |
| around-eye cream | 31 products |
| bath oil/salts/soak | 21 products |
| moisturizer | 15 products |
| nail treatment | 12 products |
| hair styling aide | 12 products |
| anti-aging | 9 products |
| body oil | 8 products |
| conditioner | 7 products |
| pore strips | 6 products |
| hair treatment/serum | 5 products |
| fragrance for women | 5 products |
| depilatory | 4 products |
| fragrance for men | 4 products |
| styling gel/lotion | 4 products |
| body firming lotion | 4 products |
| eyelash glue | 4 products |
| bubble bath | 3 products |
| foot cleansing | 3 products |
| body spray | 3 products |
| toners/astringents | 2 products |
| makeup remover | 2 products |
| oil controller | 2 products |
| hair spray | 2 products |
| styling mousse/foam | 2 products |
| liquid hand soap | 1 products |
| sunless tanning | 1 products |
| shaving cream | 1 products |
| damaged skin treatment | 1 products |
| shaving cream (men's) | 1 products |
| toothpaste | 1 products |
| tanning oil | 1 products |
| mouthwash | 1 products |
| baby sunscreen | 1 products |
| setting powder/spray | 1 products |
Enhanced skin absorption
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Suspected nano-scale ingredients with potential to absorb into the skin | Nanomaterial Database |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife and humans | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Limited evidence of respiratory toxicity | Klaassen, C, M. Amdur and J. Doull (eds.). Casarett and Doull |
| Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Classified as a low human health priority | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Cancer
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Limited or incomplete evidence of cancer according to safety/hazard data – government assessment cannot classify as human carcinogen due to data gaps | World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC Monographs Programme on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Lists of Group 1, 2a, and 2b substances can be obtained. http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php; Vol 1, Suppl. 7 ;1987 |
Data gaps
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| 9326 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical | NLM PubMed |
Ecotoxicology
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Multiple, additive exposure sources
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | FDA Everything Added to Food |
Informational
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmetics | FDA Color Additive Status |
| Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives - Exempt from Batch Certification by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration | CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook |
Data Sources
- NanoWerk. 2007. Nanomaterial Database. Available online: http://www.nanowerk.com/phpscripts/n_dbsearch.php
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents.
- EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
- Klaassen, C, M. Amdur and J. Doull (eds.). Casarett and Doull
- World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC Monographs Programme on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Lists of Group 1, 2a, and 2b substances can be obtained. http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/index.php; Vol 1, Suppl. 7 ;1987
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
- CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
ABOUT THE SKIN DEEP® RATINGS
EWG provides information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings below indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors which determine actual health risks, if any. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer
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