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SODIUM HYDROXIDE

image source: PubChem

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Score:

Data: Fair

  • Other Concerns
  • Functions
  • About the Chemical
  • Synonyms

  • Use restrictions (high), Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate), and Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)

Cancer

Cancer concern is LOW

Developmental & Reproductive Toxicity

Developmental & reproductive toxicity concern is LOW

Allergies & Immunotoxicity

Allergies & immunotoxicity concern is LOW

Products with this Ingredient

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moisturizer267 products
facial moisturizer/treatment221 products
shampoo215 products
body wash/cleanser166 products
facial cleanser152 products
bar soap142 products
serums & essences139 products
mask124 products
conditioner107 products
foundation91 products
moisturizer with SPF79 products
exfoliant/scrub70 products
body firming lotion69 products
beach & sport sunscreen67 products
hand cream63 products
toothpaste62 products
liquid hand soap57 products
eye liner55 products
around-eye cream49 products
hair treatment/serum45 products
makeup primer42 products
toners/astringents35 products
hair color and bleaching33 products
mascara32 products
baby lotion32 products
bronzer/highlighter26 products
hair styling aide26 products
makeup remover24 products
shaving cream22 products
brow liner21 products
baby shampoo20 products
anti-aging19 products
tooth whitening18 products
baby soap16 products
shaving cream (men's)15 products
bath oil/salts/soak13 products
foot moisturizer13 products
styling gel/lotion12 products
eye shadow12 products
after shave12 products
antiperspirant/deodorant11 products
bubble bath11 products
after sun product10 products
beard care9 products
mouthwash9 products
damaged skin treatment8 products
baby wipes7 products
hand sanitizer7 products
7 products
hair spray6 products
detangler6 products
sunless tanning6 products
eye makeup remover6 products
baby oil5 products
blush5 products
oil controller5 products
baby sunscreen5 products
depilatory4 products
concealer4 products
hair relaxer4 products
fragrance for women3 products
lip balm3 products
BB cream3 products
foot cleansing3 products
body spray3 products
antiperspirant/deodorant (men's)2 products
cuticle treatment2 products
other eye makeup2 products
nail polish2 products
styling mousse/foam2 products
diaper cream2 products
beard cleanser2 products
skin fading/lightener1 products
muscle/joint soreness1 products
vapor rubs1 products
glitter1 products
body powder1 products
body art1 products
baby bubble bath1 products
lipstick1 products
lip plumper1 products
fragrance for men1 products
other men's products1 products

Use restrictions

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Concern Reference
Violation of industry recommendations - Restricted in cosmetics; use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Avoid or minimize skin exposure: recommendation from industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR)Final report 12/2015 available from CIR
Restricted in cosmetics (recommendations or requirements) - use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - anyCosIng
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualificationsFinal report 12/2015 available from CIR

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

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Concern Reference
Classified as expected to be toxic or harmfulEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
Classified as medium human health priorityEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Occupational hazards

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Concern Reference
Single case study detailing occupational hazardsNational Library of Medicine HazMap

Miscellaneous

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Concern Reference
Occupational hazards related to handlingCPS&Q - Classification & Labelling

Data gaps

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Concern Reference
7043 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemicalNLM PubMed

Ecotoxicology

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Concern Reference
Not suspected to be an environmental toxinEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Multiple, additive exposure sources

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Concern Reference
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in foodFDA Food Additive Status
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in foodFDA Everything Added to Food

Informational

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Concern Reference
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Avoid or minimize skin exposure: recommendation from industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR)Final report 12/2015 available from CIR

Persistence and bioaccumulation

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Concern Reference
Not suspected to be bioaccumulativeEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Data Sources

  • Final report 12/2015 available from CIR
  • European Commission. 2013. Cosing, the European Commission database with information on cosmetic substances and ingredients. Accessed on March 1, 2013 at http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/ .
  • EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
  • NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents.
  • CPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP.
  • NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
  • FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Food Additive Status List. Downloaded from http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/%7Edms/opa-appa.html, Oct 16, 2006.
  • FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.

† About this Ingredient's Score Range

  • Products with the EWG VERIFIED mark have met use restrictions and warnings based on EWG review of company data.
  • This ingredient’s score is lower when used as a saponification agent (e.g., soaps and cleansers)

ABOUT THE SKIN DEEP® RATINGS

EWG provides information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings below indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors which determine actual health risks, if any. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer

ABOUT EWG VERIFIED™

Beyond providing Skin Deep® as an educational tool for consumers, EWG offers its EWG VERIFIED™ mark as a quick and easily identifiable way of conveying personal care products that meet EWG's strict health criteria. Before a company can use EWG VERIFIED™ on such products, the company must show that it fully discloses the products' ingredients on their labels or packaging, they do not contain EWG ingredients of concern, and are made with good manufacturing practices, among other criteria. Note that EWG receives licensing fees from all EWG VERIFIED™ member companies that help to support the important work we do. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer

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