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Data: Fair

Fd&C Yellow 5 (Ci 19140)

  • Products with the EWG VERIFIED mark have met the program’s impurity restrictions based on EWG review of company data.

IMAGE SOURCE: PubChem

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Other Concerns

Neurotoxicity (moderate), Endocrine disruption (low), Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate), and Contamination concerns (high)

SYNONYMS

● 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4 -SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM
● 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHE NYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM
● 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM
● 1HPYRAZOLE3CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5DIHYDRO5OXO1(4SULFOPHENYL)4[(4SULFOPHENYL)AZO], TRISODIUM SALT
● 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4 -SULFOPHENYL)AZO]- TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID
● 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHE NYL)AZO]- TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID
● 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]- TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID
● 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, TRISODIUM
● ACID YELLOW 23
● CI 19140
● D&C YELLOW 4
● D&C YELLOW 5
● FD&C YELLOW 5
● FD&C YELLOW 5 (CI 19140)
● FD&C YELLOW NO. 5
● FOOD YELLOW 4
● HYDRAZINE YELLOW
● JAPAN YELL OW 4
● KI4
● KI5
● TARTRAPHENINE
● TARTRAZIN
● TARTRAZINE
● TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4 -SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-
● TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHE NYL)AZO]-
● TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-
● TRISODIUM 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID
● TRISODIUM 5-HYDROXY-1-(4-SULPHOPHENYL)-4-(4-SULPHOPHENYLAZO)PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLATE
● YELLOW 4
● YELLOW 5
● YELLOW NO. 4

Restricted

Restricted: EWG VERIFIED products cannot contain this ingredient without adequate substantiation

FD&C Yellow 5 is a synthetic dye produced from petroleum; this dye is FDA-approved for use in food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

Common concerns

See how this product scores for common concerns.

  • LOW
    Cancer
  • MODERATE
    Allergies & Immunotoxicity
  • LOW
    Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
  • LOW
    Use Restrictions

Ingredient concerns

  • CONCERNS
  • DATA SOURCES

Products with this Ingredient

Expand content Collapse content
body wash/cleanser303 products
lipstick299 products
liquid hand soap245 products
eye shadow208 products
shampoo186 products
conditioner171 products
lip gloss171 products
brow liner162 products
bath oil/salts/soak155 products
eye liner150 products
nail polish138 products
blush106 products
fragrance for women105 products
exfoliant/scrub96 products
moisturizer88 products
mask87 products
sunless tanning69 products
bar soap68 products
bronzer/highlighter66 products
facial cleanser63 products
concealer62 products
foundation60 products
hair treatment/serum60 products
hand sanitizer58 products
hair styling aide53 products
facial moisturizer/treatment50 products
lip balm44 products
fragrance for men42 products
body spray41 products
lip liner32 products
styling gel/lotion31 products
around-eye cream27 products
serums & essences27 products
glitter25 products
setting powder/spray25 products
after sun product24 products
toothpaste24 products
lip balm with SPF24 products
bubble bath22 products
makeup primer22 products
mascara20 products
toners/astringents19 products
mouthwash17 products
hand cream17 products
after shave15 products
lip plumper13 products
antiperspirant/deodorant12 products
facial powder11 products
body oil10 products
hair color and bleaching9 products
recreational sunscreen9 products
antiperspirant/deodorant (men's)7 products
7 products
anti-aging6 products
nail treatment6 products
styling mousse/foam6 products
daily use with SPF5 products
foot moisturizer4 products
body firming lotion4 products
shaving cream4 products
hair spray4 products
cuticle treatment4 products
beard care4 products
detangler3 products
makeup remover3 products
other eye makeup3 products
hair relaxer2 products
baby shampoo2 products
tanning oil2 products
foot cleansing1 products
tooth whitening1 products
polish remover1 products
shaving cream (men's)1 products
baby bubble bath1 products
baby oil1 products
baby soap1 products
baby toothpaste1 products
eyelash glue1 products

Contamination concerns

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Chemical
BIPHENYL-2-YLAMINE
CADMIUM (pyrophoric)

Persistence and bioaccumulation

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Persistent or bioaccumulative and moderate to high toxicity concern in humansEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
Not suspected to be bioaccumulativeEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
Not suspected to be persistentEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Classified as medium human health priorityEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
One or more animal studies show any effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)Open scientific literature
Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmfulEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Neurotoxicity

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CONCERN REFERENCE
One or more human case studies show significant any effectsOpen scientific literature
One or more human case studies show possible any effectsOpen scientific literature
One or more animal studies show any effects at moderate dosesOpen scientific literature
One or more animal studies show any effects at high dosesOpen scientific literature

Allergies/immunotoxicity

Expand content Collapse content
CONCERN REFERENCE
Human any toxicant or allergen - moderate evidenceOpen scientific literature
One or more human case studies show possible any or allergenic effectsOpen scientific literature
One or more human case studies show equivocal any or allergenic effectsOpen scientific literature

Cancer

Expand content Collapse content
CONCERN REFERENCE
Cancer - limited evidenceOpen scientific literature
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation resultsOpen scientific literature
One or more in vitro tests on cells show inconclusive, but potentially positive mutation resultsOpen scientific literature
Not likely to be carcinogenic in humansOpen scientific literature
Limited or incomplete evidence of cancer according to safety/hazard data – government assessment cannot classify as human carcinogen due to data gapsInt'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens
Not likely to be mutagenic in humansOpen scientific literature

Endocrine disruption

Expand content Collapse content
CONCERN REFERENCE
One or more studies show weak endocrine disruptionOpen scientific literature
Associated with endocrine disruptionOpen scientific literature

Developmental/reproductive toxicity

Expand content Collapse content
CONCERN REFERENCE
One or more animal studies show any effects at high dosesOpen scientific literature
any - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreviewedOpen scientific literature

Informational

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmeticsFDA Color Additive Status
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives - Batch Certified by the U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationCTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook

Data gaps

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CONCERN REFERENCE
370 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemicalNLM PubMed

Ecotoxicology

Expand content Collapse content
CONCERN REFERENCE
Not suspected to be an environmental toxinEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Multiple, additive exposure sources

Expand content Collapse content
CONCERN REFERENCE
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in foodFDA Everything Added to Food
  • EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
  • Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
  • IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures).
  • FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
  • CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
  • NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
  • FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.

Understanding scores

Cosmetics and personal care products are not required to be tested for safety before being allowed on the market. The Skin Deep® scoring system was designed to help the public understand whether a product is safe to use or whether it contains ingredients of concern.

Every product and ingredient in Skin Deep gets a two-part score – one for hazard and one for data availability. The safest products score well by both measures, with a low hazard rating and a fair or better data availability rating.

HOW WE DETERMINE SCORES

Hazard score

The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG VERIFIED® mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.

Score legend
WEIGHT-OF-EVIDENCE APPROACH

A product’s hazard score is not an average of the ingredients’ hazard scores. It is calculated using a weight-of-evidence approach that factors in all of the hazards or health impacts associated with the ingredients.

Data availability

The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature.

NONE LIMITED FAIR GOOD ROBUST
Low Availability
Moderate Availability
High Availability
NONE

Ingredients have not been assessed.

LIMITED-FAIR

There is only a modest volume of research.

GOOD-ROBUST

Ingredients have been studied extensively.

Can’t find your product?

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September 23, 2023 | Los Angeles, CA

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