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FD&C Yellow 5 (CI 19140)
Score:
Data: Fair
- Other Concerns
- Functions
- About the Chemical
- Synonyms
-
Neurotoxicity (moderate), Endocrine disruption (low), Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate), and Contamination concerns (high)
Cancer 
Cancer: Ingredients linked to cancer in government, industry or academic studies or assessments.
Developmental & Reproductive Toxicity
Developmental and reproductive toxicity: Ingredients linked to developmental and reproductive toxicity, a broad class of health effects that range from infertility and reproductive organ cancers to birth defects and developmental delays in children.
Allergies & Immunotoxicity
Allergies and immunotoxicity: Ingredients linked to harm to the immune system, a class of health problems that manifest as allergic reactions or an impaired capacity to fight disease and repair damaged tissue in the body.
Products with this Ingredient
| body wash/cleanser | 339 products |
| lipstick | 278 products |
| liquid hand soap | 267 products |
| conditioner | 196 products |
| shampoo | 192 products |
| bath oil/salts/soak | 173 products |
| eye shadow | 172 products |
| lip gloss | 168 products |
| brow liner | 161 products |
| eye liner | 155 products |
| bar soap | 108 products |
| fragrance for women | 102 products |
| moisturizer | 96 products |
| nail polish | 89 products |
| mask | 76 products |
| hand sanitizer | 74 products |
| exfoliant/scrub | 66 products |
| facial cleanser | 65 products |
| body spray | 57 products |
| facial moisturizer/treatment | 57 products |
| bronzer/highlighter | 56 products |
| hair styling aide | 56 products |
| concealer | 54 products |
| fragrance for men | 50 products |
| blush | 46 products |
| glitter | 46 products |
| sunless tanning | 42 products |
| lip balm | 40 products |
| hair treatment/serum | 37 products |
| after sun product | 34 products |
| styling gel/lotion | 30 products |
| bubble bath | 29 products |
| lip liner | 28 products |
| toothpaste | 27 products |
| mouthwash | 26 products |
| serums & essences | 24 products |
| makeup primer | 22 products |
| hair color and bleaching | 22 products |
| foundation | 21 products |
| lip balm with SPF | 21 products |
| around-eye cream | 18 products |
| toners/astringents | 18 products |
| body firming lotion | 15 products |
| setting powder/spray | 14 products |
| daily use with SPF | 12 products |
| after shave | 11 products |
| antiperspirant/deodorant | 11 products |
| mascara | 10 products |
| lip plumper | 9 products |
| hand cream | 8 products |
| foot cleansing | 7 products |
| antiperspirant/deodorant (men's) | 7 products |
| recreational sunscreen | 7 products |
| 7 products | |
| beard care | 7 products |
| anti-aging | 6 products |
| foot moisturizer | 6 products |
| detangler | 6 products |
| makeup remover | 6 products |
| facial powder | 4 products |
| styling mousse/foam | 4 products |
| hair spray | 4 products |
| cuticle treatment | 4 products |
| nail treatment | 3 products |
| foot odor control | 3 products |
| other eye makeup | 3 products |
| body oil | 2 products |
| hair-loss treatment | 2 products |
| hair relaxer | 2 products |
| shaving cream | 2 products |
| shaving cream (men's) | 2 products |
| damaged skin treatment | 2 products |
| beard oil | 2 products |
| tooth whitening | 1 products |
| polish remover | 1 products |
| hair removal waxes | 1 products |
| baby shampoo | 1 products |
| BB cream | 1 products |
| tanning oil | 1 products |
| baby oil | 1 products |
| baby lotion | 1 products |
Contamination concerns
| Chemical |
|---|
| BIPHENYL-2-YLAMINE |
| CADMIUM (pyrophoric) |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Persistent or bioaccumulative and moderate to high toxicity concern in humans | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Not suspected to be persistent | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Classified as medium human health priority | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| One or more animal studies show any effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | Open scientific literature |
| Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Neurotoxicity
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| One or more human case studies show significant any effects | Open scientific literature |
| One or more human case studies show possible any effects | Open scientific literature |
| One or more animal studies show any effects at moderate doses | Open scientific literature |
| One or more animal studies show any effects at high doses | Open scientific literature |
Allergies/immunotoxicity
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Human any toxicant or allergen - moderate evidence | Open scientific literature |
| One or more human case studies show possible any or allergenic effects | Open scientific literature |
| One or more human case studies show equivocal any or allergenic effects | Open scientific literature |
Cancer
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Cancer - limited evidence | Open scientific literature |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | Open scientific literature |
| One or more in vitro tests on cells show inconclusive, but potentially positive mutation results | Open scientific literature |
| Not likely to be carcinogenic in humans | Open scientific literature |
| Limited or incomplete evidence of cancer according to safety/hazard data – government assessment cannot classify as human carcinogen due to data gaps | Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens |
| Not likely to be mutagenic in humans | Open scientific literature |
Endocrine disruption
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| One or more studies show weak endocrine disruption | Open scientific literature |
| Associated with endocrine disruption | Open scientific literature |
Developmental/reproductive toxicity
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| One or more animal studies show any effects at high doses | Open scientific literature |
| any - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreviewed | Open scientific literature |
Informational
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmetics | FDA Color Additive Status |
| Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives - Batch Certified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration | CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook |
Data gaps
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| 370 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical | NLM PubMed |
Ecotoxicology
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Multiple, additive exposure sources
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | FDA Everything Added to Food |
Data Sources
- EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
- Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
- IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures).
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
- CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
- Products with the EWG VERIFIED mark have met the program’s impurity restrictions based on EWG review of company data.
ABOUT THE SKIN DEEP® RATINGS
EWG provides information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings below indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors which determine actual health risks, if any. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer
ABOUT EWG VERIFIED™
Beyond providing Skin Deep® as an educational tool for consumers, EWG offers its EWG VERIFIED™ mark as a quick and easily identifiable way of conveying personal care products that meet EWG's strict health criteria. Before a company can use EWG VERIFIED™ on such products, the company must show that it fully discloses the products' ingredients on their labels or packaging, they do not contain EWG ingredients of concern, and are made with good manufacturing practices, among other criteria. Note that EWG receives licensing fees from all EWG VERIFIED™ member companies that help to support the important work we do. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer
