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Data: Fair

Fd&C Yellow 5 (Ci 19140)

  • Products with the EWG VERIFIED mark have met the program’s impurity restrictions based on EWG review of company data.

IMAGE SOURCE: PubChem

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Other Concerns

Neurotoxicity (moderate), Endocrine disruption (low), Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate), and Contamination concerns (high)

SYNONYMS

1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4 -SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM, 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHE NYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM, 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM, 1HPYRAZOLE3CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5DIHYDRO5OXO1(4SULFOPHENYL)4[(4SULFOPHENYL)AZO], TRISODIUM SALT, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4 -SULFOPHENYL)AZO]- TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHE NYL)AZO]- TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]- TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, TRISODIUM, ACID YELLOW 23, CI 19140, D&C YELLOW 4, D&C YELLOW 5, FD&C YELLOW 5, FD&C YELLOW 5 (CI 19140), FD&C YELLOW NO. 5, FOOD YELLOW 4, HYDRAZINE YELLOW, JAPAN YELL OW 4, KI4, KI5, TARTRAPHENINE, TARTRAZIN, TARTRAZINE, TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4 -SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHE NYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, TRISODIUM 5-HYDROXY-1-(4-SULPHOPHENYL)-4-(4-SULPHOPHENYLAZO)PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLATE, YELLOW 4, YELLOW 5, and YELLOW NO. 4

Restricted

Restricted: EWG VERIFIED products cannot contain this ingredient without adequate substantiation

FD&C Yellow 5 is a synthetic dye produced from petroleum; this dye is FDA-approved for use in food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

Common concerns

See how this product scores for common concerns.

  • LOW
    Cancer
  • MODERATE
    Allergies & Immunotoxicity
  • LOW
    Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
  • LOW
    Use Restrictions

Ingredient concerns

  • CONCERNS
  • DATA SOURCES

Products with this Ingredient

Expand content Collapse content
lipstick295 products
body wash/cleanser288 products
liquid hand soap264 products
eye shadow209 products
lip gloss182 products
shampoo166 products
bath oil/salts/soak158 products
brow liner154 products
conditioner153 products
eye liner146 products
nail polish130 products
fragrance for women108 products
blush80 products
bar soap78 products
moisturizer77 products
exfoliant/scrub75 products
bronzer/highlighter66 products
hand sanitizer65 products
mask65 products
concealer62 products
sunless tanning61 products
foundation58 products
facial cleanser55 products
hair styling aide49 products
fragrance for men48 products
facial moisturizer/treatment47 products
body spray46 products
lip balm43 products
hair treatment/serum41 products
lip liner31 products
lip balm with SPF31 products
around-eye cream28 products
glitter28 products
serums & essences27 products
styling gel/lotion25 products
toothpaste24 products
bubble bath24 products
setting powder/spray23 products
makeup primer22 products
after sun product21 products
toners/astringents20 products
mouthwash18 products
body firming lotion16 products
mascara15 products
lip plumper13 products
hand cream13 products
after shave13 products
facial powder11 products
body oil11 products
antiperspirant/deodorant11 products
daily use with SPF10 products
hair color and bleaching9 products
recreational sunscreen9 products
7 products
foot moisturizer6 products
nail treatment6 products
anti-aging5 products
foot cleansing5 products
antiperspirant/deodorant (men's)5 products
beard care5 products
styling mousse/foam4 products
detangler3 products
shaving cream3 products
hair spray3 products
cuticle treatment3 products
foot odor control3 products
makeup remover3 products
other eye makeup3 products
hair relaxer2 products
baby shampoo2 products
tooth whitening1 products
polish remover1 products
shaving cream (men's)1 products
damaged skin treatment1 products
baby bubble bath1 products
baby oil1 products
baby lotion1 products
baby toothpaste1 products
baby soap1 products
eyelash glue1 products

Contamination concerns

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Chemical
BIPHENYL-2-YLAMINE
CADMIUM (pyrophoric)

Persistence and bioaccumulation

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Persistent or bioaccumulative and moderate to high toxicity concern in humansEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
Not suspected to be bioaccumulativeEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
Not suspected to be persistentEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Classified as medium human health priorityEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
One or more animal studies show any effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)Open scientific literature
Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmfulEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Neurotoxicity

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CONCERN REFERENCE
One or more human case studies show significant any effectsOpen scientific literature
One or more human case studies show possible any effectsOpen scientific literature
One or more animal studies show any effects at moderate dosesOpen scientific literature
One or more animal studies show any effects at high dosesOpen scientific literature

Allergies/immunotoxicity

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Human any toxicant or allergen - moderate evidenceOpen scientific literature
One or more human case studies show possible any or allergenic effectsOpen scientific literature
One or more human case studies show equivocal any or allergenic effectsOpen scientific literature

Cancer

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Cancer - limited evidenceOpen scientific literature
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation resultsOpen scientific literature
One or more in vitro tests on cells show inconclusive, but potentially positive mutation resultsOpen scientific literature
Not likely to be carcinogenic in humansOpen scientific literature
Limited or incomplete evidence of cancer according to safety/hazard data – government assessment cannot classify as human carcinogen due to data gapsInt'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens
Not likely to be mutagenic in humansOpen scientific literature

Endocrine disruption

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CONCERN REFERENCE
One or more studies show weak endocrine disruptionOpen scientific literature
Associated with endocrine disruptionOpen scientific literature

Developmental/reproductive toxicity

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CONCERN REFERENCE
One or more animal studies show any effects at high dosesOpen scientific literature
any - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreviewedOpen scientific literature

Informational

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmeticsFDA Color Additive Status
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives - Batch Certified by the U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationCTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook

Data gaps

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CONCERN REFERENCE
370 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemicalNLM PubMed

Ecotoxicology

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Not suspected to be an environmental toxinEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Multiple, additive exposure sources

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in foodFDA Everything Added to Food
  • EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
  • Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
  • IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures).
  • FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
  • CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
  • NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
  • FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.

Understanding scores

Cosmetics and personal care products are not required to be tested for safety before being allowed on the market. The Skin Deep® scoring system was designed to help the public understand whether a product is safe to use or whether it contains ingredients of concern.

Every product and ingredient in Skin Deep gets a two-part score – one for hazard and one for data availability. The safest products score well by both measures, with a low hazard rating and a fair or better data availability rating.

HOW WE DETERMINE SCORES

Hazard score

The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG VERIFIED™ mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.

Score legend
WEIGHT-OF-EVIDENCE APPROACH

A product’s hazard score is not an average of the ingredients’ hazard scores. It is calculated using a weight-of-evidence approach that factors in all of the hazards or health impacts associated with the ingredients.

Data availability

The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature.

NONE LIMITED FAIR GOOD ROBUST
Low Availability
Moderate Availability
High Availability
NONE

Ingredients have not been assessed.

LIMITED-FAIR

There is only a modest volume of research.

GOOD-ROBUST

Ingredients have been studied extensively.

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