CI 45410 (D&C Red No. 27 or 28) Lake
- Other Concerns
- Functions
- About the Chemical
- Synonyms
-
Use restrictions (high), Endocrine disruption (low), Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate), Ecotoxicology (low), and Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)
Cancer 

Cancer: Ingredients linked to cancer in government, industry or academic studies or assessments.
Developmental & Reproductive Toxicity 

Developmental and reproductive toxicity: Ingredients linked to developmental and reproductive toxicity, a broad class of health effects that range from infertility and reproductive organ cancers to birth defects and developmental delays in children.
Allergies & Immunotoxicity 

Allergies and immunotoxicity: Ingredients linked to harm to the immune system, a class of health problems that manifest as allergic reactions or an impaired capacity to fight disease and repair damaged tissue in the body.
Products with this Ingredient
lipstick | 2244 products |
lip gloss | 640 products |
lip balm | 356 products |
lip liner | 218 products |
blush | 152 products |
lip plumper | 44 products |
eye shadow | 34 products |
lip balm with SPF | 33 products |
bronzer/highlighter | 24 products |
foundation | 23 products |
glitter | 21 products |
bath oil/salts/soak | 19 products |
facial powder | 17 products |
nail polish | 11 products |
setting powder/spray | 11 products |
eye liner | 9 products |
8 products | |
hair color and bleaching | 7 products |
makeup primer | 5 products |
exfoliant/scrub | 3 products |
concealer | 2 products |
mask | 2 products |
body oil | 1 products |
makeup remover | 1 products |
oil controller | 1 products |
fragrance for men | 1 products |
BB cream | 1 products |
body powder | 1 products |
Use restrictions
Concern | Reference |
---|---|
Violation of government restrictions - Restricted in cosmetics; use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - any | Open scientific literature |
Violation of government restrictions - Restricted in cosmetics; use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Color additive not approved by FDA for cosmetics used around eyes | FDA Color Additive Status |
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - any | FDA Color Additive Status |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
Concern | Reference |
---|---|
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife | Open scientific literature |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
Concern | Reference |
---|---|
Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful | Open scientific literature |
Limited evidence of any toxicity | Scorecard.org Toxicity Information |
Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
Concern | Reference |
---|---|
Limited evidence of eye irritation | Open scientific literature |
One or more animal studies show any irritation at high doses | Open scientific literature |
Cancer
Concern | Reference |
---|---|
Cancer - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed | Open scientific literature |
Developmental/reproductive toxicity
Concern | Reference |
---|---|
any - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed | Open scientific literature |
Ecotoxicology
Concern | Reference |
---|---|
Suspected to be an environmental toxin and be persistent or bioaccumulative | Open scientific literature |
Wildlife and environmental toxicity | Open scientific literature |
Suspected to be an environmental toxin | Open scientific literature |
Suspected to be an environmental toxin and be persistent or bioaccumulative (uncertainty in environmental toxicity or persistence/bioaccumulation) | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Uncertain environmental toxin and uncertain persistent or bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Endocrine disruption
Concern | Reference |
---|---|
Associated with endocrine disruption | Open scientific literature |
Informational
Concern | Reference |
---|---|
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives Lakes - Batch Certified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration | CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook |
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - any | Open scientific literature |
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmetics | FDA Color Additive Status |
Data gaps
Concern | Reference |
---|---|
0 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical | NLM PubMed |
Data Sources
- Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
- ED (Environmental Defense). 2006. Scorecard _ The Pollution Information Site. http://www.scorecard.org.
- EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
- CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
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