Other Concerns
Use restrictions (high), Endocrine disruption (low), Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate), Ecotoxicology (low), and Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)SYNONYMS
Unacceptable
Unacceptable: EWG VERIFIED products cannot contain this ingredient
In industrial production of colorants, the term 'lake' is applied to pigments or dyes that are precipitated with metal salts such as aluminum, calcium, barium, or others. Most lake pigments are synthetically produced from coal tar or petroleum.
Common concerns
See how this product scores for common concerns.
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LOWCancer
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LOWAllergies & Immunotoxicity
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LOWDevelopmental and Reproductive Toxicity
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HIGHUse Restrictions
Ingredient concerns
- CONCERNS
- DATA SOURCES
Products with this Ingredient
lipstick | 1916 products |
lip gloss | 623 products |
blush | 286 products |
lip balm | 257 products |
lip liner | 179 products |
eye shadow | 80 products |
lip plumper | 48 products |
bronzer/highlighter | 33 products |
foundation | 20 products |
glitter | 20 products |
body oil | 18 products |
facial powder | 18 products |
bath oil/salts/soak | 12 products |
setting powder/spray | 11 products |
nail polish | 8 products |
eye liner | 7 products |
lip balm with SPF | 6 products |
5 products | |
mask | 4 products |
exfoliant/scrub | 4 products |
concealer | 2 products |
makeup primer | 1 products |
oil controller | 1 products |
makeup remover | 1 products |
hair spray | 1 products |
body wash/cleanser | 1 products |
body spray | 1 products |
body powder | 1 products |
depilatory | 1 products |
hair color and bleaching | 1 products |
Use restrictions
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Violation of government restrictions - Restricted in cosmetics; use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Color additive not approved by FDA for cosmetics used around eyes | FDA Color Additive Status |
Violation of government restrictions - Restricted in cosmetics; use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - any | Open scientific literature |
Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - any | FDA Color Additive Status |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Persistent or bioaccumulative and moderate to high toxicity concern in humans | Open scientific literature |
Persistent, bioaccumulative in wildlife | Open scientific literature |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful | Open scientific literature |
Limited evidence of any toxicity | Scorecard.org Toxicity Information |
Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Limited evidence of eye irritation | Open scientific literature |
One or more animal studies show any irritation at high doses | Open scientific literature |
Developmental/reproductive toxicity
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
any - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed | Open scientific literature |
Cancer
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Cancer - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed | Open scientific literature |
Ecotoxicology
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Suspected to be an environmental toxin and be persistent or bioaccumulative | Open scientific literature |
Suspected to be an environmental toxin and be persistent or bioaccumulative (uncertainty in environmental toxicity or persistence/bioaccumulation) | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Wildlife and environmental toxicity | Open scientific literature |
Suspected to be an environmental toxin | Open scientific literature |
Uncertain environmental toxin and uncertain persistent or bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Endocrine disruption
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Associated with endocrine disruption | Open scientific literature |
Informational
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives Lakes - Batch Certified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration | CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook |
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - any | Open scientific literature |
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmetics | FDA Color Additive Status |
Data gaps
CONCERN | REFERENCE |
---|---|
0 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical | NLM PubMed |
- FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
- Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
- ED (Environmental Defense). 2006. Scorecard _ The Pollution Information Site. http://www.scorecard.org.
- EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
- CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
Understanding scores
Cosmetics and personal care products are not required to be tested for safety before being allowed on the market. The Skin Deep® scoring system was designed to help the public understand whether a product is safe to use or whether it contains ingredients of concern.
Every product and ingredient in Skin Deep gets a two-part score – one for hazard and one for data availability. The safest products score well by both measures, with a low hazard rating and a fair or better data availability rating.
HOW WE DETERMINE SCORESHazard score
The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG VERIFIED™ mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.
Data availability
The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature.