EWG Skin Deep® | What is CI 45380 (D&C Red No. 21 or 22)

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Data: Fair

Ci 45380 (D&C Red No. 21 Or 22)

IMAGE SOURCE: PubChem

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Other Concerns

Use restrictions (high), Endocrine disruption (low), Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate), Ecotoxicology (low), and Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low)

SYNONYMS

● 2',4',5',7',-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXYSPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]XANTHEN]-3-ONE, DISODIUM SALT

● 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYD ROXY DISODIUM SALT SPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1[3H], 9'-[9H]-XANTHEN]-3-ONE

● 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXY- DIPOTASSIUM SPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]XANTHEN]-3-ONE

● 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXY- SPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]XANTHEN]-3-ONE

● 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXYSP IRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]XANTHEN]-3-ONE

● 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXYSPIRO[IS OBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]XANTHEN]-3-ONE

● 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXYSPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]X ANTHEN]-3-ONE, DIPOTASSIUM SALT

● 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMOFLUORESCIEN

● 2-(2,4,5,7-TETRABROMO-6-HYDROXY-3-OXO-3H-XANTHEN-9-YL)- BENZOIC ACID

● 2-(2,4,5,7-TETRABROMO-6-HYDROXY-3-OXO-3H-XANTHEN-9-YL)- DISODIUM SALT BENZOIC ACID

● 2-(3,6-DIHYDROXY-2,4,5,7-TETRABROMOXANTHEN-9-YL)-BENZOIC ACID

● 9'-[9H]-XANTHEN]-3-ONE 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYD ROXY DISODIUM SALT SPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1[3H]

● ACID RED 87, POTASSIUM SALT

● ACID RED 87, SODIUM SALT

● AKA223

● AKA230(1)

● AKA230(2)

● BENZOIC ACID, 2-(2,4,5,7-TETRABROMO-6-HYDROXY-3-OXO-3H-XANTHEN-9-YL)-

● BENZOIC ACID, 2-(2,4,5,7-TETRABROMO-6-HYDROXY-3-OXO-3H-XANTHEN-9-YL)-, DISODIUM SALT

● CI 45380

● CI 45380 (D&C RED NO. 21 OR 22)

● CI 45380:2

● D&C RED 21

● D&C RED 22

● D&C RED 22 LAKE

● D&C RED NO. 21

● D&C RED NO. 22

● DIPOTASSIUM SALT 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXYSPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]X ANTHEN]-3-ONE

● DIPOTASSIUM SPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]XANTHEN]-3-ONE, 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXY-

● DISODIUM SALT 2',4',5',7',-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXYSPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]XANTHEN]-3-ONE

● DISODIUM SALT BENZOIC ACID, 2-(2,4,5,7-TETRABROMO-6-HYDROXY-3-OXO-3H-XANTHEN-9-YL)-

● JAPAN RED 223

● POTASSIUM SALT ACID RED 87

● RED 21

● RED 22

● RED 223

● RED 230

● RED 230(2)

● RED NO. 223

● RED NO. 230(2)

● SODIUM SALT ACID RED 87

● SPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]XANTHEN]-3-ONE, 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXY-

● SPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1(3H),9'-[9H]XANTHEN]-3-ONE, 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYDROXY-, DIPOTASSIUM

● SPIRO[ISOBENZOFURAN-1[3H], 9'-[9H]-XANTHEN]-3-ONE, 2',4',5',7'-TETRABROMO-3',6'-DIHYD ROXY DISODIUM SALT

Unacceptable

Unacceptable: EWG VERIFIED products cannot contain this ingredient

D&C Red 21 is a synthetic dye produced from petroleum or coal tar sources; this dye is FDA-approved for use in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

Common concerns

See how this product scores for common concerns.

LOW

Cancer
LOW

Allergies & Immunotoxicity
LOW

Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
HIGH

Use Restrictions

Ingredient concerns

CONCERNS
DATA SOURCES

Products with this Ingredient

lipstick	334 products
nail polish	83 products
eye liner	59 products
lip liner	47 products
lip balm	39 products
lip gloss	37 products
body oil	18 products
exfoliant/scrub	12 products
blush	9 products
eye shadow	9 products
bath oil/salts/soak	8 products
hair color and bleaching	8 products
nail glue	7 products
lip plumper	6 products
body wash/cleanser	1 products
body powder	1 products
bronzer/highlighter	1 products
	1 products
moisturizer	1 products

Use restrictions

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics	Open scientific literature
Violation of government restrictions - Restricted in cosmetics; use, concentration, or manufacturing restrictions - Color additive not approved by FDA for cosmetics used around eyes	FDA Color Additive Status

Persistence and bioaccumulation

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Persistent or bioaccumulative and moderate to high toxicity concern in humans	Open scientific literature
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative	Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful	Environment Canada Domestic Substance List
Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful	Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Limited evidence of any irritation	Open scientific literature

Allergies/immunotoxicity

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Limited evidence of any toxicity or allergies	Open scientific literature
One or more human case studies show equivocal any or allergenic effects	Open scientific literature

Endocrine disruption

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Associated with endocrine disruption	Open scientific literature

Ecotoxicology

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Suspected to be an environmental toxin and be persistent or bioaccumulative	Environment Canada Domestic Substance List
Suspected to be an environmental toxin	Environment Canada Domestic Substance List
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin	Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Cancer

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Not likely to be carcinogenic in humans	Open scientific literature
Limited or incomplete evidence of cancer according to safety/hazard data – government assessment cannot classify as human carcinogen due to data gaps	Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens

Informational

CONCERN	REFERENCE
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmetics	FDA Color Additive Status
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives - Batch Certified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration	CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook

Data gaps

CONCERN	REFERENCE
1689 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical	NLM PubMed

Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures).
CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.

Understanding scores

Cosmetics and personal care products are not required to be tested for safety before being allowed on the market. The Skin Deep® scoring system was designed to help the public understand whether a product is safe to use or whether it contains ingredients of concern.

Every product and ingredient in Skin Deep gets a two-part score – one for hazard and one for data availability. The safest products score well by both measures, with a low hazard rating and a fair or better data availability rating.

HOW WE DETERMINE SCORES

Hazard score

The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG VERIFIED^® mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.

Data availability

The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature.

NONE LIMITED FAIR GOOD ROBUST

Low Availability

Moderate Availability

High Availability