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Acid Yellow 3 (Uncertified D&C Yellow No. 10)
Score:
Data: Fair
- Other Concerns
- Functions
- About the Chemical
- Synonyms
-
Use restrictions (high), Neurotoxicity (low), Endocrine disruption (low), Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs) (low), and Contamination concerns (high)
Cancer 
Cancer: Ingredients linked to cancer in government, industry or academic studies or assessments.
Developmental & Reproductive Toxicity
Developmental and reproductive toxicity: Ingredients linked to developmental and reproductive toxicity, a broad class of health effects that range from infertility and reproductive organ cancers to birth defects and developmental delays in children.
Allergies & Immunotoxicity
Allergies and immunotoxicity: Ingredients linked to harm to the immune system, a class of health problems that manifest as allergic reactions or an impaired capacity to fight disease and repair damaged tissue in the body.
Products with this Ingredient
| hair color and bleaching | 4 products |
| bath oil/salts/soak | 1 products |
Contamination concerns
Use restrictions
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Violation of government restrictions - Banned or found unsafe for use in cosmetics | CTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook |
Allergies/immunotoxicity
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| EFSA reports that Yellow 10 intolerance/sensitivity has been reported in humans. | European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) 2009. Scientific Opinion on the reâ€evaluation of Quinoline Yellow (E 104) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 7(11), 1329. |
Neurotoxicity
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| EFSA concludes there is limited evidence that Yellow 10 in a mixture with other synthetic colours and sodium benzoate has a "small and statistically significant effect on activity and attention in children selected from the general population". | European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) 2009. Scientific Opinion on the reâ€evaluation of Quinoline Yellow (E 104) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 7(11), 1329. |
Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| SCCS notes there is limited evidence of skin and eye irritation. | European Commission, Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) 2004. OPINION OF THE SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON COSMETIC PRODUCTS AND NON-FOOD PRODUCTS INTENDED FOR CONSUMERS Concerning Acid Yellow 3. |
Cancer
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| A peer-reviewed study reports in vitro genotoxicity. | Farah Maria Drumond Chequer, Vinícius de Paula Venâncio, Maíra Rocha de Souza Prado, Luiz Raimundo Campos da Silva e Cunha Junior, Thiago Mescoloto Lizier, Maria Valnice Boldrin Zanoni, Rommel Rodríguez Burbano, Maria Lourdes Pires Bianchi & Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes 2015. The cosmetic dye quinoline yellow causes DNA damage in vitro. Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis 777, 54-61. |
Developmental/reproductive toxicity
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| SCCS reports that developmental effects have been observed in animal tests. | European Commission, Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) 2004. OPINION OF THE SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON COSMETIC PRODUCTS AND NON-FOOD PRODUCTS INTENDED FOR CONSUMERS Concerning Acid Yellow 3. |
Endocrine disruption
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Evidence of endocrine activity from cellular assays. | National Toxicology Program (NTP) 2015. EWG Toxcast Analysis. Appears as: CAS: 8004-92-0; Chemical_Name: C.I. Acid yellow 3 disodium salt |
Data gaps
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| 57 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical | NLM PubMed |
Ecotoxicology
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Informational
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Color Additives - Batch Certified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration | Personal Care Products Council 2015. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook. Appears as: listid: FCOLOR-333; Chemical_Name: Yellow 10; ; |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Classified as a low human health priority | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
| Concern | Reference |
|---|---|
| Not suspected to be persistent | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Data Sources
- CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) 2009. Scientific Opinion on the reâ€evaluation of Quinoline Yellow (E 104) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 7(11), 1329.
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) 2009. Scientific Opinion on the reâ€evaluation of Quinoline Yellow (E 104) as a food additive. EFSA Journal 7(11), 1329.
- European Commission, Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) 2004. OPINION OF THE SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON COSMETIC PRODUCTS AND NON-FOOD PRODUCTS INTENDED FOR CONSUMERS Concerning Acid Yellow 3.
- Farah Maria Drumond Chequer, Vinícius de Paula Venâncio, Maíra Rocha de Souza Prado, Luiz Raimundo Campos da Silva e Cunha Junior, Thiago Mescoloto Lizier, Maria Valnice Boldrin Zanoni, Rommel Rodríguez Burbano, Maria Lourdes Pires Bianchi & Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes 2015. The cosmetic dye quinoline yellow causes DNA damage in vitro. Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis 777, 54-61.
- National Toxicology Program (NTP) 2015. EWG Toxcast Analysis. Appears as: CAS: 8004-92-0; Chemical_Name: C.I. Acid yellow 3 disodium salt
- NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
- EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
- Personal Care Products Council 2015. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook. Appears as: listid: FCOLOR-333; Chemical_Name: Yellow 10; ;
- Products with the EWG VERIFIED mark have met the program’s impurity and use restrictions based on EWG's review of the company's data.
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