Evidence
Health issue
Level of Concern
Source
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found 4-nonylphenol to be persistent in the environment, especially under anaerobic conditions.
high
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. DfE Alternatives Assessment for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates.
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found 4-nonylphenol to possess very high chronic aquatic toxicity.
high
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. DfE Alternatives Assessment for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates.
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found 4-nonylphenol to possess very high acute aquatic toxicity.
high
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. DfE Alternatives Assessment for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates.
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found nonylphenol ethoxylates have high chronic aquatic toxicity.
moderate
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. DfE Alternatives Assessment for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates.
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found nonylphenol ethoxylates have high acute aquatic toxicity.
moderate
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. DfE Alternatives Assessment for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates.
Impurities
Health issue
Level of Concern
Source
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
Suspected of causing cancer
Suspected of causing cancer
some
GHS Hazard Codes - EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes
Impurity: PHENOL, P-NONYL-
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found 4-nonylphenol to possess very high chronic aquatic toxicity.
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found 4-nonylphenol to possess very high chronic aquatic toxicity.
some
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. DfE Alternatives Assessment for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates.
Impurity: PHENOL, P-NONYL-
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found 4-nonylphenol to possess very high acute aquatic toxicity.
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found 4-nonylphenol to possess very high acute aquatic toxicity.
some
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. DfE Alternatives Assessment for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates.
Impurity: PHENOL, P-NONYL-
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found 4-nonylphenol to be persistent in the environment, especially under anaerobic conditions.
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found 4-nonylphenol to be persistent in the environment, especially under anaerobic conditions.
some
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. DfE Alternatives Assessment for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates.
Impurity: PHENOL, P-NONYL-
Clear evidence of endocrine disruption in at least one animal study
Clear evidence of endocrine disruption in at least one animal study
some
EU Endocrine Disrupters - EU Endocrine
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Known To Be Human Carcinogen
Known To Be Human Carcinogen
some
NTP 12th RoC - National Toxicology Program (NTP)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Known to cause reproductive toxicity (to females)
Known to cause reproductive toxicity (to females)
some
Prop 65 - CA Proposition 65
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
Known to cause cancer
Known to cause cancer
some
Prop 65 - CA Proposition 65
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
May cause genetic defects
May cause genetic defects
some
GHS Hazard Codes - EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
May cause cancer
May cause cancer
some
GHS Hazard Codes - EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Known to cause reproductive toxicity
Known to cause reproductive toxicity
some
Prop 65 - CA Proposition 65
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Carcinogenic to humans
Carcinogenic to humans
some
IARC 103 - IARC
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Known to cause reproductive toxicity (to males)
Known to cause reproductive toxicity (to males)
some
Prop 65 - CA Proposition 65
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Known to cause cancer
Known to cause cancer
some
Prop 65 - CA Proposition 65
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
Reasonably Anticipated To Be Human Carcinogen
Reasonably Anticipated To Be Human Carcinogen
some
NTP 12th RoC - National Toxicology Program (NTP)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Toxic if inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
Toxic if inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
GHS Hazard Codes - EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
cancer
cancer
some
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
central nervous system impairment
central nervous system impairment
some
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Causes peritoneal cancer
Causes peritoneal cancer
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
Causes cancer
Causes cancer
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
liver damage
liver damage
some
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Causes pulmonary edema
Causes pulmonary edema
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Causes reproductive effects
Causes reproductive effects
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Causes skin corrosion
Only in: Oven Cleaner; Drain Opener/Clog Remover
Causes skin corrosion
Only in: Oven Cleaner; Drain Opener/Clog Remover
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Causes leukemia
Causes leukemia
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Asthmagen (irritation)
Asthmagen (irritation)
some
AOEC Asthmagen list - AOEC
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
suspected human carcinogen
suspected human carcinogen
some
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
Possibly carcinogenic to humans
Possibly carcinogenic to humans
some
IARC 103 - IARC
Impurity: PHENOL, P-NONYL-
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found nonylphenol ethoxylates have high chronic aquatic toxicity.
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found nonylphenol ethoxylates have high chronic aquatic toxicity.
some
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. DfE Alternatives Assessment for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates.
Impurity: PHENOL, P-NONYL-
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found nonylphenol ethoxylates have high acute aquatic toxicity.
A U.S. Environmental Protection Agency alternatives assessment found nonylphenol ethoxylates have high acute aquatic toxicity.
some
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012. DfE Alternatives Assessment for Nonylphenol Ethoxylates.
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Asthmagen
Asthmagen
some
AOEC Asthmagen list - AOEC
Impurity: PHENOL, P-NONYL-
EPA testing shows this substance has high acute toxicity to aquatic life
EPA testing shows this substance has high acute toxicity to aquatic life
some
EPA Fathead Minnow Acute Toxicity Database - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans
confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans
some
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
May cause respiratory irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
May cause respiratory irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
GHS Hazard Codes - EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
May cause respiratory irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
May cause respiratory irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
GHS Hazard Codes - EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Causes respiratory irritation
Causes respiratory irritation
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
Causes respiratory irritation
Causes respiratory irritation
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Causes skin irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Causes skin irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
GHS Hazard Codes - EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Causes eye corrosion
Only in: Drain Opener/Clog Remover; Oven Cleaner
Causes eye corrosion
Only in: Drain Opener/Clog Remover; Oven Cleaner
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Causes skin irritation
Causes skin irritation
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
Causes skin irritation
Causes skin irritation
some
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Impurity: PHENOL, P-NONYL-
NTP Toxcast scored 0.5-1.5
NTP Toxcast scored 0.5-1.5
some
EWG Toxcast Analysis - National Toxicology Program (NTP)
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
Causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
GHS Hazard Codes - EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
Causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
GHS Hazard Codes - EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes
Impurity: ETHYLENE OXIDE
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners
low
FDA - Priority based Assessment of Food Additive (PAFA) - U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Impurity: 1,4-DIOXANE
EPA testing shows this substance has low acute toxicity to aquatic life
EPA testing shows this substance has low acute toxicity to aquatic life
low
EPA Fathead Minnow Acute Toxicity Database - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
